塔河油田东南斜坡区奥陶系岩溶储层形成机制与发育分布模式研究

塔河油田东南斜坡区奥陶系具一定的勘探开发潜力,岩溶储层是其主要储集类型。本文通过50余口井1 000余米奥陶系岩芯、300余块岩石薄片的观察及200余件样品的地化资料的分析整理,研究了奥陶系岩溶储层的形成机制。指出特殊岩相条件下同生期大气水溶蚀形成滩相溶蚀孔隙型储层;加里东中期与海西早期岩溶作用叠加改造形成岩溶缝孔洞型储层和岩溶洞穴型储层;海西晚期热液溶蚀作用对岩溶缝洞型储层也有一定程度改造。断裂活动控制下的岩溶及热液溶蚀作用是该区的主要储层形成机制,既受层控又受断控,表现为不同井区储层发育及分布特征不同。盐体北边界附近,受特定沉积相带和古地貌控制,多种类型储层发育;由北而南的贯穿性断裂带上,受多期次断裂活动控制,多类型、多期次储层发育;而断裂带之间,储层发育相对较差。这对于区内奥陶系储层的评价和勘探开发部署具有重要意义。     

环江油田巴19区块长7段钙夹层评价与大斜度井分段压裂优化

为实现最大化油藏接触,提高油藏产出水平,长庆环江油田巴19区块长7油藏采用大斜度井开发方式。在初期压裂改造中,由于忽视了层内钙质夹层对压裂缝高的影响,导致实际裂缝的几何形态与设计产生巨大偏差,出现了邻井裂缝串通及生产高含水等问题。本文通过研究油藏剖面测井特征,在细分层位基础上分析纵向应力分布,研究“复合层效应”影响裂缝缝高延伸的关键因素,优化了分段压裂方案,获得了更好的水力裂缝几何形态和尺寸。技术调整后现场压裂工艺质量获得提高,长7段油藏压裂改造质量优良率100%,大大提高了该区块的开发水平。     

靖安油田盘古梁长6油藏地质建模研究

建立能正确反映靖安油田盘古梁长6油藏地质特征的地质模型,通过对地层格架、沉积微相、骨架砂体、物性参数和储层非均质性的分析研究,借助GMSS地质建模软件,建立了确定型精细三维地质模型。所建立的构造、砂体、属性参数模型对该油藏的地质特征有了进一步认识,为油藏的高效开发提供了依据。     

新疆克拉玛依油田三叠系克下组冲积扇内部构型*

应用研究区丰富的密井网和邻近露头资料,探讨了新疆克拉玛依油田三叠系克下组冲积扇内部构型单元的层次划分系统,并建立相应的沉积构型模式。在冲积扇的扇根、扇中和扇缘各亚相带,进一步划分了3个级次的构型要素以表达其内的沉积复杂性。扇根亚相主要由主槽、片流带和漫洪带组成,其中,在主槽内主要发育槽流砾石（岩）体（可细分为砾石坝和流沟）与泥石流沉积,在片流带内主要发育片流砂砾体（可细分为砾石坝和流沟）,在漫洪带主要发育漫洪砂体和漫洪细粒沉积,总体构型样式以广泛分布的砾石坝夹含流沟和漫洪沉积的“泛连通体”为特征;扇中亚相主要由辫流带和漫流带组成,其中,辫流带的主体构型要素为辫流水道（可细分为砂坝和沟道）,总体构型样式为复合宽带状辫流水道砂体与漫流细粒沉积侧向相间、垂向互层为特征;扇缘亚相主要由径流带和漫流带组成,其中,径流带的主体构型要素为径流水道,总体构型样式以窄带状径流水道和漫流砂体镶嵌于漫流—湿地泥岩之中为特征。     

Distribution of the Ordovician Fluid in the Tahe Oilfield and Dynamic Response of Cave System $48 to Exploitation

The Tahe Oilfield is a complex petroleum reservoir of Ordovician carbonate formation and made up of spatially overlapping fracture-cavity units. The oilfield is controlled by a cave system resulting from structure-karst cyclic sedimentation. Due to significant heterogeneity of the reservoir, the distribution of oil and water is complicated. Horizontally, a fresh water zone due to meteoric water can be found in the north part of the Akekule uplift. A marginal freshening zone caused by water released from mudstone compaction is found at the bottom of the southern slope. Located in a cross- formationai flow discharge zone caused by centripetal and the centrifugal fows, the main part of the Tahe Oilfield, featuring high salinity and concentrations of CI- and K Na , is favorable for accumulation of hydrocarbon. Three types of formation water in the Tahe Ordovician reservoir are identified: (1) residual water at the bottom of the cave after oil and gas displacement, (2) residual water in fractures/pores around the cave after oil and gas displacement, and (3) interlayer water below reservoirs. The cave system is the main reservoir space, which consists of the main cave, branch caves and depressions between caves. Taking Cave System $48 in the Ordovician reservoir as an example, the paper analyzes the fluid distribution and exploitation performance in the cave system. Owing to evaporation of groundwater during cross-formational flow, the central part of the main cave, where oil layers are thick and there is a high degree of displacement, is characterized by high salinity and Brconcentration. With high potential and a long stable production period, most wells in the central part of the main cave have a long water-free oil production period. Even after water breakthrough, the water content has a slow or stepwise increase and the hydrochemistral characteristics of the produced water in the central part of the main cave are uniform. From the center to the edge of the main cave, displacement and enrichment of oil/gas become weaker, residual water increases, and the salinity and concentration of Br- decrease. At the edge of the main cave, although the wells have a high deliverability at the beginning with a short stable production period and water-free production period. After water breakthrough, the pressure and deliverability drop quickly, and the water content rises quickly. The hydrochemistrai characteristics of the produced water are relatively uniform. Wells in the branch caves have a relatively low deliverability at the beginning, with a short stable production period. Water breakthrough appears quickly and then the pressure and deliverability drop quickly. The salinity and concentrations of CI-and K Na are usually fluctuant or descend slowly in the produced water. Wells in low areas of ancient karst have a low deliverability and a short stable production period. The yield drops quickly and the water content is high, while the characteristics of the produced water may vary significantly well to well. The salinity and concentrations of CI- and K, Na in the produced water are usually fluctuant with a precipitous decline.     

王庄油田膨胀性黏土特性研究

王庄油田属强水敏性稠油油藏。由于储层中膨胀性黏土含量很高,注水、注汽后产生水化膨胀,伤害储层,开发效果不理想。因此,对膨胀性黏土特性进行攻关研究,是开发好这类油田的技术关键。笔者应用了X衍射、红外、DTA、CEC及膨胀率测定等分析资料,重点对膨胀性黏土特性予以探讨。     

塔河地区奥陶系油田水分布与运动学特征研究

塔河油田是我国最大的陆上整装碳酸盐岩油田,其油田水分布与运动特征反映了油气运移规律。该区奥陶系油田水现今总体矿化度高,南北向存在从低到高再到低的3个矿化带,各带内平面分割性强,纵向层间差异大。塔河油田奥陶系的流体经历了多期次活动,奥陶系储层共捕获了4～5期盐水包裹体,其均一温度范围集中在60～80℃,90～105℃,110～140℃和145～170℃,盐度集中在0.5%～4%、5%～10%、10%～13%、14%～18%、>18%,反映出奥陶系储层曾经历过了4～5期热流体活动,对照埋藏史与油气运移史,高盐度流体活动与油气运移具有良好的匹配关系,油田水化学指标(油田水变质系数、碳酸盐岩平衡系数等)反映出塔河油区现今保存条件良好。井剖面包裹体纵向温度、盐度纵向不规则变化表明流体的活动以侧向运移为主。流体势分析说明运移方向不仅包括塔河东、南面是烃源岩方向,而且具有高流体势的西面也可能是油气来源方向。     

浅析靖安油田长6储层压裂改造难点及对策

靖安油田属于典型的“低压、低孔、低渗”砂岩油藏,压裂改造难度大。通过对靖安油田的长6储层特征进行描述,分析了压裂改造难点,以及一系列有针对性的技术措施,并对效果进行了评价,说明“低压、低孔、低渗”油藏只要采取的加砂压裂工艺及其配套技术得当,仍然可以取得较好的压裂效果。     

叠前偏移方法在辽河油田大民屯地区的应用

辽河油田大民屯东、西2个斜坡带,构造复杂,倾角较陡,叠后时间偏移很难获得较理想的偏移归位效果。笔者在辽河油田大民屯地区开展了叠前偏移的研究和处理工作,分析和研究了适宜该工区的叠前偏移方法,研究了偏移参数选取技术,主要包括偏移速度建模、偏移孔径和偏移倾角选取技术,取得了较好的应用效果。     

塔河油田碳酸盐岩岩溶测井响应特征

裂缝和溶蚀孔洞是塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩的主要储渗空间，对碳酸盐岩裂缝与岩溶发育规律的研究具有重要的意义．在分析本区地质演化特征的基础上，利用不同岩溶相带在测井曲线上的不同反映，初步分析并总结了中上奥陶统尖灭线以南及以北下奥陶统岩溶发育带的测井响应特征．