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991.
广义S变换是目前比较新的一种非平稳信号分析的时频分析方法,其特点和优势为广义S变换的反变换与傅立叶变换有直接的联系,保证其是无损变换;线性变换保证其不存在交叉项;时频分辨率与信号的频率有关;基本小波不必满足容许性条件;尺度性质使得广义S变换有很好的频率聚集能力。基于这些特点和优势,在地震勘探中已经有了广泛的应用,如利用广义S变换进行瑞利面波频散分析、时频域波场分离与去噪、沉积相旋回以及地震波初至识别等。笔者总结了应用中比较有代表性的广义S变换类型,并结合实例,阐述了该方法在地震勘探中的研究进展。 相似文献
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在地震勘探中,面波的频率比其他有效地震波的频率低,往往被视作干扰波而需要压制,以突出有效波。TT(time-time)变换具有很好的频率聚集能力,它将高频信号聚集在TT变换域的对角线位置,通过提取TT变换域的对角线附近的元素,就可以压制低频面波,突出反射波。对物理模型和实际数据进行处理,并与传统的高通滤波方法进行对比,结果表明:TT变换实际上是S变换的延伸,与S变换有着密切的联系,有无损可逆性,而且具有很好的频率聚集能力。TT变换在压制面波方面有较好的效果,但在提取高频、压制低频的同时,漏掉了一些低频的有效信号,同时也保留了部分高频干扰,这是TT变换在信号分析中的不足之处。因此,在实际应用中应将TT变换和S变换结合起来,避免一些解释上的假象。 相似文献
995.
JY-1井位于山西碛口锦源煤矿,设计为一水文勘探孔兼做水源井。在钻井施工进入奥陶系时,发现井内涌水,并伴有H2S气体,实测含量为20μg/g。为治理该井,首先进行了物探测井,然后制订了压、堵、封的治理方案,同时对治理过程进行了较为详细的介绍。治理结果表明,井中水位静止,井口H2S含量为0,说明治理获得了成功。最后对该类型井的治理提出了建议。 相似文献
996.
以GLSP煤矿三维地震勘探为例,针对勘探区内复杂山地条件、表浅层及深层地震地质条件下进行激发参数选择实验,确定了适合该区三叠纪砂质泥岩、砾屑灰岩、泥质粉砂岩和石灰岩等四种不同裸露基岩的施工方法,即三小(小道距、小线距、小面元)三高(高频记录、高采样率、高爆速成型炸药)三维地震勘探的野外数据采集方法,并提出了满足山地特点的精细地震资料数字处理技术及流程,解释采用人机联作加全三维立体可视化技术。本次勘探查明勘探区内落差大于等于5m的断层38条,控制主采煤层C13、C19、C25的赋存形态及深度,并预测了主采煤层的厚度变化趋势,对陷落柱的平面分布形态、垂向延伸变化规律及老窑采空区的分布范围进行了解释。 相似文献
997.
998.
Geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon generation modeling of the Jurassic source rocks in the Shoushan Basin, north Western Desert, Egypt 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mohamed Ragab ShalabyMohammed Hail Hakimi Wan Hasiah Abdullah 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(9):1611-1624
The Shoushan Basin is an important hydrocarbon province in the Western Desert, Egypt, but the origin of the hydrocarbons is not fully understood. In this study, organic matter content, type and maturity of the Jurassic source rocks exposed in the Shoushan Basin have been evaluated and integrated with the results of basin modeling to improve our understanding of burial history and timing of hydrocarbon generation. The Jurassic source rock succession comprises the Ras Qattara and Khatatba Formations, which are composed mainly of shales and sandstones with coal seams. The TOC contents are high and reached a maximum up to 50%. The TOC values of the Ras Qattara Formation range from 2 to 54 wt.%, while Khatatba Formation has TOC values in the range 1-47 wt.%. The Ras Qattara and Khatatba Formations have HI values ranging from 90 to 261 mgHC/gTOC, suggesting Types II-III and III kerogen. Vitrinite reflectance values range between 0.79 and 1.12 VRr %. Rock−Eval Tmax values in the range 438-458 °C indicate a thermal maturity level sufficient for hydrocarbon generation. Thermal and burial history models indicate that the Jurassic source rocks entered the mature to late mature stage for hydrocarbon generation in the Late Cretaceous to Tertiary. Hydrocarbon generation began in the Late Cretaceous and maximum rates of oil with significant gas have been generated during the early Tertiary (Paleogene). The peak gas generation occurred during the late Tertiary (Neogene). 相似文献
999.
Astrid Schnetzer Stefanie D. MoorthiPeter D. Countway Rebecca J. GastIlana C. Gilg David A. Caron 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(1):16-26
Protistan community structure was examined from 6 depths (1.5, 20, 42, 150, 500, 880 m) at a coastal ocean site in the San Pedro Channel, California. A total of 856 partial length 18S rDNA protistan sequences from the six clone libraries were analyzed to characterize diversity present at each depth. The sequences were grouped into a total of 259 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) that were inferred using an automated OTU calling program that formed OTUs with approximately species-level distinction (95% sequence similarity). Most OTUs (194 out of 259) were observed at only one specific depth, and only two were present in clone libraries from all depths. OTUs were obtained from 21 major protistan taxonomic groups determined by their closest BLAST matches to identified protists in the NCBI database. Approximately 74% of the detected OTUs belonged to the Chromalveolates, with Group II alveolates making up the largest single group. Protistan assemblages at euphotic depths (1.5, 20 and 42 m) were characterized by the presence of clades that contained phototrophic species (stramenopiles, chlorophytes and haptophytes) as well as consumers (especially ciliates). Assemblages in the lower water column (150, 500 and 800 m) were distinct from communities at shallow depths because of strong contributions from taxa belonging to euglenozoans, acantharians, polycystines and Taxopodida (Sticholonche spp. and close relatives). Species richness (Chao I estimate) and diversity (Shannon index) were highest within the euphotic zone and at 150 m, and lowest for protistan assemblages located in the oxygen minimum zone (500 and 880 m). Multivariate analyses (Bray-Curtis coefficient) confirmed that protistan assemblage composition differed significantly when samples were grouped into shallow (≤150 m) and deep water assemblages (≥150 m). 相似文献
1000.
Because of the limitations of sampling and seasonal study in polar regions, knowledge of dinoflagellate diversity, distribution and ecology are limited. Dinoflagellates have been incidentally reported from polar regions during some seasons and some populations have been reported as components of microalgae. Surveys of molecular diversity link the genotype of dinoflagellates from polar regions with environmental adaptation. In this study, 37 positive clones of dinoflagellates collected from different sites were used for genotype analysis, providing new insights into the biodiversity and distribution of these species based on 18S rRNA sequencing. Diverse genotypes were recorded for the summer season in Kongsfjorden (high Arctic) whilst a single novel genotype of dinoflagellate was recorded from winter samples from the Antarctic Ocean. Data from ice cores suggests that this single dinoflagellate genotype was adapted to extreme cold and clone library screening found that it was occasionally the only microbial eukaryotic genotype found in winter ice cores. The findings of this study could improve our understanding of the diverse dinoflagellate genotypes occurring in these perennially cold microbial ecosystems. 相似文献