水平地震作用下无锚固储罐应力与应变响应分析

在考虑地基与储罐相互作用的情况下,采用有限元法对储罐在水平地震荷载作用下的应力及应变反应进行了数值计算。对3×104m3和2×103m3罐壁应力及应变的分析结果表明:环向、轴向应力及应变的分布形式呈现出明显的下部大上部小的特点,在偏底部的位置出现应力和应变的峰值;储液罐在水平地震作用下“象足”变形是由纵向压应力达到屈曲临界应力导致的屈曲破坏,不是强度破坏,即破坏属于失稳破坏而非强度破坏。     

Rayleigh 阻尼作用下斜拉桥扭转振动

在侧向风力或侧向水平地源力作用下,斜拉桥容易发生扭转振动。本文采用非线性Rayleigh阴尼,它能反映在低速振动时有激发而加速振动,至一定高速后又衰减的完整振动过程。对非线性的统辖方程及定解条件,先使之无量纲化,再按非线性项的系数这个小参数展开未知函数,得到线性化的各级近似方程。把待求函数展成梁轴坐标的Fourier级数,其系数为待定的时间函数,应用Fourier级数的正交性,得到求解未知时间函数的二阶常微分方程,完全类似单自由度质点在线性粘滞性阻尼作用下的统辖方程,其解为已知。     

台风成因与地壳运动关系初探

本文从台风和世界上大多数热带气旋的密集生成区与板块相互作用的地壳剧烈活动区相吻合这一现象出发,认为当今台风成因的研究之所以遇到困难的原因之一,就是忽略了剧烈的地壳运动所产生的热流通过海洋这一特殊水解质对其上方大气所产生的影响。     

岷礼东部──湘潭子一带金及多金属矿床成矿规律与地球化学特征

岷礼东部－湘潭子一带蕴藏着甘肃省最大的金矿床和铅锌矿庆。主要控矿地层为中泥盆统，该套地层地球化学条件优越，断裂构造十分发育，岩浆活动非常强烈，是金及多金属矿床的有利成矿地段。区内矿床可划分为四大系列，６个类型。利用地球化学特征，分析主要控矿因素对成矿的控制作用；总结主要矿种的成矿规律；筛选出３个找矿远景区。     

Conservation laws of wave action and potential enstrophy for rossby waves in a stratified atmosphere

The purpose of this article is to discuss the evolution of wave energy, enstrophy and action for atmospheric Rossby waves in a variable mean flow. The presentation is theoretical, but does not represent original research; rather, it is pedagogic in nature. The work of a number of people has been drawn together into a unified account, with much of the algebra implicit in previous work made explicit here. The central results are that wave energy is conserved only when there are no spatial variations in the mean flow, and wave action is conserved even in the presence of such variations as long as they are not in the longitudinal direction. Finally, wave enstrophy is conserved in the presence of arbitrary (slow) mean flow variations.     

Wind erosion of blanket peat during a short period of surface desiccation (North Pennines,Northern England)

Strong winds are a characteristic feature of UK upland areas. Despite this, understanding of aeolian processes in upland environments of the UK is limited. This paper presents direct measurements and observations of blanket peat erosion by wind action during a two week period of desiccation in the North Pennines, Northern England. A circular configuration of mass flux sediment samplers was used to collect peat eroded by wind action from 16 cardinal compass directions. Meteorological conditions (wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and temperature) were recorded by an automatic weather station set up adjacent to the site. Surface desiccation led to peat crust erosion and dust deflation. During short (≤1 hour) periods of precipitation, wind‐driven rainfall also caused erosion. Typically, dust flux rates were up to two orders of magnitude lower than recorded during periods of sustained wet weather. Measurements demonstrate the hitherto unreported rapid switch in process regime between wind‐driven rainfall and dry blow deflation in blanket peat environments. Dry blow processes of blanket peat erosion may become more important in UK upland areas if climate change promotes more frequent surface desiccation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

岩石变形所反映的地震作用过程--第13届国际变形机理、流变学和构造学学术会议概述

简要介绍了第13届国际变形机理、流变学和构造学学术会议的概况和特点，综述了地震变形作用的研究现状。     

农业生态的化学元素分类及其与作物优质高产的关系

利用国家科学技术成果，并根据国内外研究现状，将103个化学元素分成对作物生长发育、增产起显著作用、起一定作用、起有害作用和起未知作用4个农业生态元素类型，进而论述了它们与作物优质高产的关系。     

八卦庙金矿床石英脉的控矿作用初探

八卦庙金矿床的矿石品位与其石英脉发育程度和破碎程度、共生硫化物的含量成正比,与脉体的厚度、共生硫化物的粒度成反比;节理脉的含金量比顺层脉的含金量高;石英细脉的含金量高于脉旁围岩的含金量数倍至十多倍,但含金石英脉不能单独构成工业矿体.据此,作者首次提出金矿化类型属于细脉浸染型金矿,揉皱石英细(网)脉破碎带是此类金矿的一种重要而直观的找矿标志.     

数学插值方法在水文地质学中的应用探讨

论述了水文地质工作者正在应用的几种数学插值方法的特点,针对不足之处,提出了改进方案。