深部热流体上涌对天水强震区深部发震环境形成演化过程的影响作用

通过与肯尼亚Gregory地堑的深部构造的对比分析，本研究了天水强震区深部发震环境的形成演化过程及其主要特征，探讨了深部热流体上涌在该地区深部发震环境形成演化过程中所起的重要作用，为进一步研究该地区前兆形成机理打下基础。     

新疆及边邻地区7级以上地震前后北天山地下流体动态的异常变化

重点分析了新疆及边邻地区1980年以来6次7级以上地震前后北天山地下流体动态异常资料，其中3次地震前地下水有短期前兆异常变化，震时同震地震波效应普遍存在，震后异常十分突出且幅度大；以水位为主的水动力学效应反映了大区域应力调整过程具有不可逆特征。水文地球化学参数的变化不敏感。讨论了地下水远程效应与井震距离的关系以及阶跃异常的幅度等问题。     

Are open fractures necessarily aligned with maximum horizontal stress?

Fluid flow in fractured rock is an increasingly central issue in recovering water and hydrocarbon supplies and geothermal energy, in predicting flow of pollutants underground, in engineering structures, and in understanding large-scale crustal behaviour. Conventional wisdom assumes that fluids prefer to flow along fractures oriented parallel or nearly parallel to modern-day maximum horizontal compressive stress, or S_Hmax. The reasoning is that these fractures have the lowest normal stresses across them and therefore provide the least resistance to flow. For example, this view governs how geophysicists design and interpret seismic experiments to probe fracture fluid pathways in the deep subsurface. Contrary to these widely held views, here we use core, stress measurement, and fluid flow data to show that S_Hmax does not necessarily coincide with the direction of open natural fractures in the subsurface (>3 km depth). Consequently, in situ stress direction cannot be considered to predict or control the direction of maximum permeability in rock. Where effective stress is compressive and fractures are expected to be closed, chemical alteration dictates location of open conduits, either preserving or destroying fracture flow pathways no matter their orientation.     

Determination of paleo-pressure for a natural gas pool formation based on PVT characteristics of fluid inclusions in reservoir rocks——A case study of Upper-Paleozoic deep basin gas trap of the Ordos Basin

~~Determination of paleo-pressure for a natural gas pool formation based on PVT characteristics of fluid inclusions in reservoir rocks——A case study of Upper-Paleozoic deep basin gas trap of the Ordos Basin~~     

鲁西平邑地区磨坊沟金矿床的流体包裹体研究

选择鲁西平邑磨坊沟和梨方沟两个矿区的矿化蚀变样品,对保存于石英、方解石和萤石中的原生包裹体及氢、氧稳定同位素进行了详细的研究。研究表明,二个矿区的包裹体大小、形态相似,类型一致,均为气液两相盐水包裹体。包裹体的均一温度变化范围较宽,在120～450℃之间均有分布,但主要集中于120～260℃的范围内,可进一步分为110～150℃和170～250℃两个区间。结合显微镜下观测的载金矿物的特点,推测金矿的形成温度区间在170～250℃之间。冰点变化范围较大,在-2 8～-11 5℃之间,对应的盐度在4 65%～15 47%之间。矿体及围岩黄铁矿的δ34S值介于-0 71‰～+2 99‰之间,方解石和石英的δDSMOW值为-63‰～-70‰,δ18OSMOW值为+18 4‰～+22 2‰。以上数据表明流体来源于地幔,成矿过程中与建造水发生了混合。     

新疆双峰山浅成低温热液金矿床特征与成矿机制

双峰山矿床位于新疆东天山北部西伯利亚板块陆缘晚古生代岛弧南部边缘，靠近克拉麦里板块缝合带．该矿区早石炭世浅海相玄武一安山质熔浆喷溢转为陆相流纹质熔浆喷发初期，火山热泉沿NW-NWW向线形管道(F2)形成以低Au品位硅质岩为中心的蚀变矿物晕(带)；火山间隙性隐爆，潜火山热液于硅质岩裂隙间发育微细石英(冰长石)网脉，构成矿体．这两个成矿阶段同源同位的蚀变矿物晕(带)套叠，显示双峰山矿床蚀变分带与成矿模式，从上至下为隐爆硅质角砾岩化带、低Au品位硅质岩化带、石英(冰长石)网脉带(矿体)、黄铁矿蒙脱石化带和青磐岩化带．铅、硫同位素和稀土元素等研究表明，该矿床成矿流体与晚古生代岛弧早石炭世流纹质熔浆的陆相喷发相联系：火山热泉循环形成蚀变晕阶段加入大气降水，潜火山热液成矿阶段发育的低温微细石英网脉含冰长石和绢云母，它是一处晚古生代火山地区冰长石-绢云母型浅成低温热液金矿床。     

峨嵋玄武岩流体包裹体中铂钯的测定方法研究

峨嵋玄武岩同生流体包裹体在800℃爆裂后，2．0g／L NH4Cl溶液提取流体中Pt、Pd，C-410树脂富集-电感耦合等离子体质谱测定，方法相对误差小于25％。激光拉曼光谱与四级质谱测定包裹体的气液成分结果表明：流体中存在一定量的有机组分，这对Pt、Pd以有机螯合态形式进入流体提供了可能。     

安徽铜陵矿集区海底喷流沉积体系的流体包裹体微量元素对比

铜陵矿集区与铜-金(多金属)矿床有关的热液活动主要有两大体系。即与海西期海底喷流沉积有关的热液体系和与矽卡岩矿化有关的燕山期岩浆热液体系。查明这两类热液体系的流体包裹体特征对区域找矿和矿床成因研究都有实际意义。在包裹体岩相学研究基础上，应用ICP-MS技术和热爆提取方法，研究了新桥、冬瓜山、峙门口、铜官山、朝山等矿床具代表性的热液石英中流体包裹体的微量元素、稀土元素特征。结果表明，两类热液体系在流体包裹体特征上有较大的区别，在流体的微量元素和稀土元素特征方面也很不相同。海底喷流沉积体系的热液石英中流体包裹体与岩浆热液体系的相比。稀土总量较高，LREE／HREE比值较大，δEu不明显。且Mo／(W Sn)比值较高，反映流体中成矿物质的深源特征；Ga／T1、Rb／Cs大。Zr／Hf低，也不同于岩浆热液体系。     

南秦岭十里坪锑矿床成矿时代及成因的初步研究

十里坪锑矿床受赵川陆缘隆_滑构造的主滑脱拆离带的控制。矿体呈脉状赋存于韧_脆性主滑脱带上部的脆性次级断层_节理中,矿石类型主要为萤石石英辉锑矿型。围岩为太古宙_元古宙变质岩系,围岩蚀变弱。成矿流体属H2O_CO2_NaCl体系,流体包裹体盐度w(NaCleq)为3.6%～11.3%,均一温度为109～232℃,形成压力大致为800×105Pa。硫、铅同位素研究表明,矿质主要来源于变火山岩围岩;氢、氧同位素显示,成矿流体以大气降水为主,初步将该矿床定为变质岩源就地式大气降水热液矿床。矿石中萤石Sm_Nd等时线年龄为(392±24)Ma,与南秦岭北部晚古生代拗陷区热水喷流_沉积成矿时代相一致,它们都形成于秦岭微板块泥盆纪非造山裂解阶段。     

Genesis of Kanggur Gold Deposit in Eastern Tianshan Orogenic Belt, NW China: Fluid Inclusion and Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotope Constraints

Abstract. Primary fluid inclusions in quartz and carbonates from the Kanggur gold deposit are dominated by aqueous inclusions, with subsidiary CO₂-H₂O inclusions that have a constant range in CO₂ content (10–20 vol %). Microthermometric results indicate that total homogenization temperatures have a wide but similar range for both aqueous inclusions (120 to 310C) and CO₂-H₂O inclusions (140 to 340C). Estimates of fluid salinity for CO₂-H₂O inclusions are quite restricted (5.9∼10.3 equiv. wt% NaCl), whereas aqueous inclusions show much wider salinity ranging from 2.2 to 15.6 equivalent wt %NaCl.
The 6D values of fluid inclusions in carbonates vary from -45 to -61 %, in well accord with the published δD values of fluid inclusions in quartz (-46 to -66 %). Most of the δ¹⁸O and δD values of the ore-forming fluids can be achieved by exchanged meteoric water after isotopic equilibration with wall rock by fluid/rock interaction at a low water/rock ratio. However, the exchanged meteoric water alone cannot explain the full range of δ¹⁸O and δD values, magmatic and/or meta-morphic water should also be involved. The wide salinity in aqueous inclusions may also result from mixing of meteoric water and magmatic and/or metamorphic water.