鄂尔多斯盆地古生代中央古隆起形成演化与油气勘探

鄂尔多斯盆地古生代中央古隆起形成演化对该地区构造格局和油气勘探具有重要意义.通过对古生代构造背景、地层体残余厚度、奥陶系顶面构造演化等特征分析,刻画中央古隆起在不同沉积期构造演化特点,大体分为3个演化阶段:初始演化阶段:相对独立的中央古隆起形成于中晚寒武世:发育阶段:中央古隆起在早奥陶世马家沟期反映最为明显,为隆升剥蚀...     

福建漳州复式岩体磁铁矿的成因矿物学特征

漳州花岗岩岩基共分两期七次(Ⅰ-Ⅶ)侵入,是中国东南沿海燕山晚期有代表性的大型复式岩体。笔者对区内各类花岗岩磁铁矿作了较深入的矿物学工作,包括晶出产状、晶体形态、X射线衍射、红外谱学、化学成分及稀土元素地球化学等方面的研究。本文重点论述磁铁矿的标型特征及成因意义,并提出区分不同成因花岗岩类岩石磁铁矿矿物学的判别标志,结合副矿物组合及岩石化学特点,对区内早、晚两期花岗岩类的成因分别判别为I型和A型花岗岩。     

鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区长10油源及成藏条件分析

在鄂尔多斯盆地的陕北志丹地区勘探发现了长10油藏,原油密度为0．8152g／cm^3,全烃色谱图的主峰为nC13～nC15油质较轻。轻烃组分中环烷烃较为丰富,芳烃含量低,呈姥植均势（Pr／Ph为1．21～1.45）,原油的δ^13CP08值为-31．78％。,甾萜烷分布与主要参数特征为：重排藿烷类相对丰度很高、伽马蜡烷低,Ts／Tm比值很高（5.54～7．26）C30^＊／C50藿烷比值高（0．67～0．72）,C29Ts／C30藿烷比值高（0．38～0．52）,甾烷中重排甾烷较高、αβ和βα构型甾烷丰富。ααα-20R构型甾烷呈不对称“V”型分布,反映了较为典型的湖相油型油特征。油-油、油-源对比显不,该区长10原油来自长7优质烃源岩。石油可能是在湖盆中部长7优质烃源岩发育的地区通过垂向倒灌进入长10油层组、经侧向运聚成藏的。据此,预测盆地长9和长10油层组具备良好的成藏与勘探潜力。     

Changes of Late Mesozoic Tectonic Regimes around the Ordos Basin (North China) and their Geodynamic Implications

A synthesis is given in this paper on late Mesozoic deformation pattern in the zones around the Ordos Basin based on lithostratigraphic and structural analyses. A relative chronology of the late Mesozoic tectonic stress evolution was established from the field analyses of fault kinematics and constrained by stratigraphic contact relationships. The results show alternation of tectonic compressional and extensional regimes. The Ordos Basin and its surroundings were in weak N-S to NNE-SSW extension during the Early to Middle Jurassic, which reactivated E-W-trending basement fractures. The tectonic regime changed to a multi-directional compressional one during the Late Jurassic, which resulted in crustal shortening deformation along the marginal zones of the Ordos Basin. Then it changed to an extensional one during the Early Cretaceous, which rifted the western, northwestern and southeastern margins of the Ordos Basin. A NW-SE compression occurred during the Late Cretaceous and caused the termination of sedimentation and uplift of the Ordos Basin. This phased evolution of the late Mesozoic tectonic stress regimes and associated deformation pattern around the Ordos Basin best records the changes in regional geodynamic settings in East Asia, from the Early to Middle Jurassic post-orogenic extension following the Triassic collision between the North and South China Blocks, to the Late Jurassic multi-directional compressions produced by synchronous convergence of the three plates (the Siberian Plate to the north, Paleo-Pacific Plate to the east and Lhasa Block to the west) towards the East Asian continent. Early Cretaceous extension might be the response to collapse and lithospheric thinning of the North China Craton.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油地球化学特征及其成因

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油进行系统地采样和高分辨率的GC-MS、IRMS分析,研究了原油的生物标志化合物和碳同位素组成特征,并且进行了油源对比,探讨了其成因。研究资料指示了所研究原油属于同一成因类型;原油有机母质为菌藻类和高等植物,特别是高等植物为原油的形成作出了贡献;原油形成于弱还原和淡水或微咸水环境;原油均为成熟原油;原油地球化学特征和上三叠统延长组长,油层组具有亲缘关系,反映了原油主要来源于长,油层组。这些研究结果为盆地的石油勘探提供了科学依据。     

CFCs法在鄂尔多斯白垩系地下水盆地浅层地下水年龄研究中的应用

鄂尔多斯白垩系地下水盆地是中国重要的能源基地,利用CFCS方法对鄂尔多斯白垩系地下水盆地年轻地下水年龄进行测定,取得了比较准确的结果。结果表明,盆地地下水系统可以分为局部地下水系统、中间地下水系统和区域地下水系统。地下水盆地内局部地下水系统地下水循环更替快,年龄为20 a左右,地下水年龄随深度增加而增加;中间地下水系统和区域地下水系统地下水循环更替相对较慢,年龄大于70 a,可以寻求14C等其他同位素方法确定准确年龄。     

鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起西南缘奥陶系热演化史恢复与生烃史——以麟游-旬邑地区为例

本文应用古地温恢复法及盆地模拟法,恢复鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起西南缘奥陶系最大古地温梯度、热演化史和生烃史。根据钻孔测温曲线求得渭北隆起现今地温梯度为3.12℃/100m。该区在二叠纪和三叠纪进入快速沉降阶段,早侏罗世早白垩世进入缓慢沉降阶段,晚白垩世以来进入抬升剥蚀阶段,剥蚀厚度在1100~1300 m。旬邑地区奥陶系烃源岩在早二叠世约270 Ma进入生油窗,晚三叠世约210 Ma进入成熟生油阶段。晚侏罗世约150 Ma开始大量生气,在早白垩世末期96 Ma左右,地层达到最大埋深及最高古地温,达到生气高峰。热史恢复及模拟结果表明旬邑地区早白垩世地温梯度最高可达到5.0℃/100 m,是主要生气期。     

Key Groundwater Control Factors of Deep Buried Coalfield by Landform and Sedimentation in the Northern Ordos Basin

There were three landforms (i.e. desert, bedrock platform and loess gully) in deep-buried coalfield of northern Ordos Basin. Water inflow of working face in desert area was 1~2 orders of magnitude larger than that in other landform areas. In order to find out the key controlling factors of the directly water filled aquifers on the roof of the coal seam, we carried out research from the aspects of topography, landform and geological sedimentation. The results showed that desert landform provides abundant recharge water for underlying aquifers because of gentle topography, large precipitation infiltration coefficient, thick and water-rich quaternary system. While bedrock platform and loess gully landform were the water sources with weak recharge capacity of underlying aquifers. The sandstone-mudstone interbedding structure formed by continental deposits resulted in the absence of regional stable aquifers in Jurassic and Cretaceous strata on the roof of coal seams. Pumping tests of boreholes showed that all strata belong to weak to medium water-rich aquifers. The groundwater level of Cretaceous aquifer decreased by 20~130 m in three mines. There was a close hydraulic relationship between shallow and deep aquifers. The Mesozoic strata belonged to fluvial deposits. Qilizhen sandstone and Zhenwudong sandstone aquifers were mainly developed on the roof of the coal seam, which were characterized by thick medium-coarse sandstone sections. The geological and sedimentary conditions of direct water-filled aquifer were similar, but the amount of borehole water, cumulative pre-drainage water and water inflow from goaf in desert geomorphic area were much larger than those in bedrock platform and loess gully geomorphic area. The water-rich of the aquifer was mainly controlled by geomorphology, and the water sources of the deep aquifers were meteoric precipitation and Quaternary aquifer. In different mines with similar Quaternary conditions in Mu Us Desert, there were also great differences in the amount of borehole water, cumulative pre-drainage water and water inflow from goafs. The difference was related to the thickness and lithology of the aquifers. It reflected that the geological sedimentary conditions of the coal seam roof were also important factors to control the water-rich of the aquifers. Topography, landform and geological sedimentation were the key factors to control the water-rich of the aquifer directly and the water inflow from the working face.     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部含铀砂岩岩石学特征研究

文章在对鄂尔多斯盆地南部砂岩岩石学特研究的基础上，重点探讨了砂岩赋铀性与岩石结构组分的关系和粘土矿物演化、压实与胶结、溶蚀与次生孔隙形成等主要成岩作用对岩石渗透性与铀的运移聚集的影响。将研究区含铀砂岩划分成4种赋铀砂岩类型，讨论了不同岩石类型的成矿性特征。综合分析了铀成矿条件，建立了砂岩型铀矿成矿模式，为研究区铀成矿有利区段预测提供了岩石学证据。     

鄂尔多斯盆地NX地区长6段特低-超低渗储层特征及其成因

根据物性测试、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、压汞等资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地NX地区长6段储层特征及成因进行了研究。结果表明,研究区长6段砂岩储层为低孔-特低、超低渗透储层,主要孔隙类型为残余粒间孔和次生溶蚀孔,孔喉组合主要为中孔-细喉型和小孔-细喉型。早期的压实作用、胶结作用是使研究区长6段储层物性变差的两个重要作用。压实作用丧失的孔隙占原始孔隙的45.9%～65.6%,平均为56.5%;胶结作用丧失的孔隙占原始孔隙的21.8%～46.4%,平均为28.3%,粘土矿物、碳酸盐是造成物性降低的主要胶结物类型。长石、浊沸石、岩屑等的溶蚀作用极大改善了储层物性,改善了现今孔隙的22.2%～71.4%,平均44.2%。早白垩世末期,研究区长6储层已基本变为特低～超低渗透,该时期之后,成岩作用对储层物性影响较弱,储层物性基本保持到现今。