赤峰撰山子花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及其成岩动力学背景

撰山子角闪二长花岗岩位于华北克拉通与兴蒙造山带结合部位的中生代构造岩浆活动带,对其开展了主量元素、稀土和微量元素分析以及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年等工作,目的在于精确厘定岩体的形成时代和研究其形成的动力学背景。结果表明：花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为（245.8±3.1）Ma（MSWD=3.7,n=17）,属早三叠世。岩石地球化学成分特征显示为,其具有高硅（w（SiO₂）=71.68%~72.85%）、富碱（w（Na₂O+K₂O）=8.98%~9.20%）、高铝（w（Al₂O₃）=13.45%~13.77%）、低钙（w（CaO）=0.81%~0.99%）及低TFeO/MgO值（平均值为6.55）的特征,属高钾钙碱性、高分异I型弱铝质花岗岩;稀土配分曲线呈现向右倾斜的配分模式,Eu具有明显的亏损（δEu=0.66~0.68）,表明斜长石发生了明显的分离结晶作用;在微量元素原始地幔标准化图谱上呈现清晰的Th、U、La、P富集,Ba、Nb、Ti、Sr、Ta等相对亏损的特征。综合分析认为,撰山子角闪二长花岗岩主要形成于下地壳部分熔融作用,可能有少量的地幔组分加入,其形成于华北板块和西伯利亚板块最终拼合后的后碰撞/后造山伸展作用构造环境。     

新疆西天山达巴特铜矿床地质特征和成矿时代研究

本文通过对西天山地区比较典型的达巴特斑岩铜钼矿床矿石中辉钼矿Re-Os的直接定年研究,结合区域地质演化和其他年代学资料,探讨了西天山赛里木和博罗科努地区斑岩铜多金属成矿带的成矿地球动力学背景和成矿机制。结果显示达巴特矿床中辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为301±20Ma,表明成矿作用发生于晚石炭世。矿床形成于别珍套—科古琴石炭纪岛弧带,成岩成矿与石炭纪巴音沟洋壳向南的俯冲作用密切相关,可能的成矿机制是由于洋壳向南对赛里木隆起带陆壳基底的俯冲,岛弧基底断裂系向北逆冲,导致一系列与斑岩矿床有关的中酸性岩浆活动,区域深大断裂为岩浆的上侵提供了条件。     

哈尔滨宾县砂砾石剖面沉积物组成及碎屑锆石U-Pb测年：对沉积环境和区域构造演化的指示

黑龙江宾县宁远镇中阳村剖面的砂砾石堆积过去被认为是哈尔滨地区第四纪下限的罗家窝棚组地层,对于其地层属性和沉积环境方面的研究较为薄弱。本文在野外考察的基础上,利用沉积学、矿物学、地球化学和碎屑锆石U-Pb测年对这套砂砾石堆积剖面进行研究,对其化学风化特征、源岩性质、沉积环境以及构造背景进行讨论。结果表明,这套砾石地层分选和磨圆较差,风化程度较低,无定向性排列,砾石以花岗岩（63%）、石英砂岩（22%）为主;钛铁矿（22.5%）是最主要重矿物,其次是锆石（17.4%）、赤褐铁矿（13.4%）,其它重矿物含量较少。元素地球化学揭示,沉积物中的细颗粒组分经历了中-低等的化学风化过程,大部分沉积物经历了首次循环。砾石岩性和地球化学组成共同揭示了沉积物主要来源于长英质母岩。元素地球化学的迁移与富集以及古气候判别图解指示沉积物是干热气候条件下的近距离搬运的冲洪积物。碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布在较窄的范围（208~129 Ma,峰值年龄~180 Ma）,与周围潜在源区锆石年龄对比,结合地貌位置,确定其物源区位于张广才岭余脉哈尔滨东南部低山丘陵带。早侏罗世源区受到古太平洋板块俯冲作用的影响,形成大陆边缘的构造背景,哈尔滨东南低山丘陵带经历了隆升和岩浆活动。与罗家窝棚组标准地层的沉积学特征对比存在明显差异,推测宁远剖面形成时间要晚于罗家窝棚组,与白土山组大致相当。这项研究对于哈尔滨地区第四纪地层的划分具有重要意义。

     

Potassium‐argon dates from the Arltunga Nappe complex,northern territory

Twenty‐four mineral separates from the Arunta Complex, four from the metamorphosed Heavitree Quartzite (White Range Quartzite), and one whole rock sample of metamorphosed Bitter Springs Formation, all from the western part of the White Range Nappe of the Arltunga Nappe Complex, and two samples from the autochthonous basement west of the nappe have been dated by the K‐Ar method. The samples from the basement rocks form two groups. Those in the southern or frontal part of the nappe are of Middle Proterozoic (Carpentarian) age (1660–1368 m.y.), determined on hornblende, biotite, and muscovite. In the northern or rear part of the nappe, all but one of the muscovite samples and two biotites are of Middle Silurian to Early Carboniferous age (431–345 m.y.); the remainder of the biotite dates range from 1775 to 548 m.y. (including the two samples from the autochthon), and two hornblendes gave dates of 1639 and 2132 m.y. respectively. All the muscovite samples from the Heavitree Quartzite, and the whole rock sample from the Bitter Springs Formation gave Early to Middle Carboniferous dates (358–322 m.y.). The findings support the identification of the White Range Quartzite as the metamorphosed part of the Heavitree Quartzite, which in turn supports the interpretation of the structure of the area as a large, basement‐cored fold nappe. In addition, they date the time of the Alice Springs Orogeny as pre‐Late Carboniferous, which agrees with fossil evidence from elsewhere in the area. The Alice Springs Orogeny was accompanied by widespread greenschist facies meta‐morphism that progressively metamorphosed the Heavitree Quartzite and Bitter Springs Formation, and retrogressively metamorphosed the Arunta Complex. However, the basement rocks in the southern part of the nappe escaped this metamorphism and retain a Middle Proterozoic age, thus dating the time of the Arunta Orogeny in this region as Carpentarian or older.     

大兴安岭北部甲乌拉铅锌银矿床Rb-Sr同位素测年及其地质意义

甲乌拉铅锌银矿床位于内蒙古自治区满洲里市南西150km。矿床产于中蒙古-额尔古纳兴凯造山带南东缘之得尔布干断裂北西侧。本文在甲乌拉矿床选取7件闪锌矿和6件黄铁矿样品开展了Rb-Sr定年。获得闪锌矿的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为143.0±2.0Ma(MSWD=3.2),锶同位素初始值I Sr=0.71265;黄铁矿的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为142.0±3.0Ma(MSWD=5.7),锶同位素初始值ISr=0.71267;闪锌矿与黄铁矿的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为142.7±1.3Ma(MSWD=3.8),锶同位素初始值ISr=0.71266。上述定年结果表明,甲乌拉矿床形成于早白垩世初期。甲乌拉矿床硫化物的Rb和Sr含量分别介于0.1034×10-6～7.367×10-6和1.301×10-6～7.148×10-6之间,Sr同位素初始比值(87Sr/86Sr)i介于0.71238～0.71277之间,平均值为0.71264,暗示甲乌拉矿床的成矿物质主要来源于地壳。甲乌拉矿床形成于蒙古-鄂霍茨克造山过程的后碰撞阶段。     

Paleo- to Eoarchean crustal evolution in eastern Hebei,North China Craton: New evidence from SHRIMP U–Pb dating and in-situ Hf isotopic study of detrital zircons from paragneisses

In the Caozhuang complex in eastern Hebei, North China Craton, the Paleo- to Eoarchean crustal evolution was earlier revealed by the preservation of detrital zircon grains older than (or as old as) 3.8 Ga in fuchsite-quartzite. In order to test if the Eoarchean antiquity is also preserved in rocks other than the fuchsite quartzite, we collected two paragneisses, a hornblende gneiss and a garnet–biotite gneiss, from Huangbaiyu village and dated their detrital zircon grains. The zircon dating of the hornblende gneiss yielded concordant ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb ages ranging from 3684 to 3354 Ma. However, an older date of 3782 Ma with 18% discordancy was also obtained. Detrital zircon grains from the garnet–biotite gneiss gave a similar ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age range, from 3838 to 3342 Ma. The metamorphic domains of the zircon grains from both samples, including the strongly recrystallized cores and rims, recorded an overprinting metamorphism at ca. 2.5 Ga, which correlates with the most widespread tectono-thermal event in the North China Craton. In situ zircon Hf-isotope analyses on the dated zircon grains yielded a wide range of model ages (T_DM1) from 4.0 to 3.3 Ga with corresponding ε_Hf(T) from −36.0 to +4.8. This suggests that the evolution of the crustal segment in this area has involved multiple phases of juvenile crustal addition as well as recycling of older crustal rocks. The new geochronological results imply the presence of a significant amount of Eoarchean crustal fragments in the eastern Hebei area. The sedimentary protoliths of the paragneisses and other high-grade metamorphic rocks in the Caozhuang complex were probably deposited between 3.4 and 2.5 Ga.     

Fifty-five-year longevity for the largest member of the family Sparidae: the endemic red steenbras Petrus rupestris from South Africa

A previous study that explored the age and growth of red steenbras Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes, 1830), a large sparid (family Sparidae, seabreams or porgies) endemic to South Africa and reported to approach 2 m in length, provided estimates as a moderately slow-growing species with a maximum age near 30 years. The stock is considered collapsed and a fishing moratorium was imposed in 2012, resulting in this species being assessed as Endangered by the IUCN. One consideration in addressing population status is validation of life-history traits. In this study, estimates of age for red steenbras from thin-sectioned otoliths were reassessed visually in terms of both the original ages and revised estimates using a different age-reading pattern. The revised ages exceeded the original ages by up to 30 years, with a maximum estimated age of 55 years from a well-defined otolith section that provided a basis for the revised age-reading procedure. Bomb radiocarbon (¹⁴C) dating revealed there was an offset in the timing of the ¹⁴C rise on the Agulhas Bank that, when coupled with considerations for regional oceanography, provided support for the revised age-reading pattern and an estimated longevity that exceeds 50 years. These findings were further supported by the fortuitous recapture of a tagged red steenbras that was at liberty for 22 years.     

末次冰盛期后黄河三角洲沉积物的磁性特征及其沉积环境

On the basis of measuring the magnetic parameters of sediment in Core YDZ1, combined with a grain size analysis and Carbon-14 dating, the magnetic properties of sediment and sedimentary environment in the Huanghe(Yellow River) Delta area after the last glacial maximum have been studied. The results show that the ferrimagnetic minerals of a pseudo single domain and multi domain particles dominate the magnetic properties of sediment in Core YDZ1. The imperfect anti ferrimagnetic minerals have more contribution on sediment in a depth of 24.0–22.1 m, and more stable-single domain and pseudo single domain particles exist. The susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization and the ratio of the susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization to saturation isothermal remanent magnetization show a decrease trend below depth of 24 m, a marked increase trend in a depth of 24.0–13.5 m, and a rapid decrease at depth of 13.5 m, then a fluctuation trend upward. The above two magnetic parameters and the ratio of the susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization to the mass susceptibility can be regarded as the proxy indicators for the content of clay(4 μm)and the fine-grained size(32 μm). The sedimentary environment after the last glacial maximum in the Huanghe Delta area has experienced the fluvial facies, the tidal flat facies, the neritic facies, the pro delta facies, the delta front facies and the floodplain facies. Thickness of the Holocene transgression layer is 10.5 m and the depth of substrate is about 24 m according to the YDZ1 core. The sedimentary dynamic has a variation trend with strongweak-strong, which has been proved by the Flemming triangular schema.     

南黄海浮游植物与水色透明度之间相关关系的研究

本文根据 １９９５ 年 ９ 月在南黄海获取的资料,分析和讨论了该水域浮游植物现存量（叶绿素 ａ （ Ｃ Ｈ ））、初级生产力（ Ｐ Ｐ） 和海水光学参数（透明度（ Ｓ Ｔ））、水色（ Ｗ Ｃ）） 之间的相关关系。分析结果表明,夏末秋初南黄海 Ｃ Ｈ 与 Ｐ Ｐ, Ｃ Ｈ 与 Ｗ Ｃ 和 Ｐ Ｐ 与 Ｗ Ｃ 以及悬浮物（ Ｓ Ｓ） 与 Ｗ Ｃ 之间均有良好的正相关关系。相关式分别为： Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ２２５１９ｌｎ（ Ｃ Ｈ ） ＋ ４８８９１ 或 Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ５ Ｅ－ ０５ Ｃ Ｈ １６４６４（ Ｒ２ ＝ ０７０３７）; Ｗ Ｃ ＝ ４０３ｌｎ（ Ｃ Ｈ ） ＋ ８９７６８ 或 Ｗ Ｃ ＝ ７１３０６ Ｃ Ｈ ０４７４７ （ Ｒ２ ＝０７９２１）; Ｃ Ｈ ＝ １５４３７ｌｎ（ Ｓ Ｓ） ＋ １３６４７ 或 Ｃ Ｈ ＝ ０７４９９ Ｓ Ｓ１２５２（ Ｒ２ ＝ ０７２２３）; Ｐ Ｐ ＝３３２８６ｌｎ Ｓ Ｓ＋ １５２２２ 或 Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ３３０２９ Ｓ Ｓ０５６９４ （ Ｒ２ ＝ ０５４７６）; Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ４２５８８ｌｎ（ Ｗ Ｃ） － ３７０７１或 Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ６６５１２ Ｗ Ｃ０８６６５（ Ｒ２ ＝ ０６７３１） 以 及 Ｓ Ｓ ＝ １４０１９ｌｎ（ Ｗ Ｃ） － １３３６３      

Last glacial emplacement of methane-derived authigenic carbonates in the Sea of Japan constrained by diatom assemblage,carbon-14, and carbonate content

We studied diatom assemblages and CaCO₃ contents of methane-derived authigenic carbonates from the eastern margin of the Sea of Japan and assessed the formation time of these samples. Radioactive ¹⁴C date was determined in selected samples to obtain the maximum age of the time. The results of our study suggest mass formation of carbonate nodules in a glacial period within ∼40 ky, consistent with a published U/Th dating result of carbonate nodules in the study area. Diatom assemblages and contents in the carbonate nodules (abundance of ∼10⁶/g, dominance of neritic-littoral species, warm/cold water species ratio lower than ∼25) differ from the near-seafloor sediments in the study area, which have characteristics of Holocene sediments in the Sea of Japan, and suggest cementation of glacial sediments. Laminated sediments in some nodule samples are glacial sediments because laminations are records of a low sea level period in the semi-enclosed ocean. Similarity of diatom assemblages and contents in all carbonate samples is another evidence of glacial sediments in nodules. Glacial sediments with oceanic cold water species as low as Holocene sediments restricts the sediment age to before 20 cal. ky BP. Carbonate contents higher than 78 wt% suggest the cementation of poorly compacted sediments near the seafloor, and the date of carbonate cementation is, therefore, close to that of the cemented sediments. Most carbonate nodule samples in this study were formed in a glacial period and detection of ¹⁴C restricts this period to within ∼40 ky.