兴蒙造山带及邻区地壳速度结构特征

兴蒙造山带位于中亚造山带东段, 作为古亚洲构造域的重要组成部分, 由西伯利亚板块与华北板块碰撞拼合而成, 其经历了大陆裂解、洋盆扩张、洋壳俯冲消减和碰撞拼合造山等复杂的构造演化过程.为了利用壳幔结构约束造山带演化的深部过程, 跨越华北地块北缘、松辽—锡林浩特地块、兴安地块以及索伦—西拉木伦缝合带和二连—贺根山缝合带, 实施了一条520 km长的深地震测深剖面, 获得了高质量的人工源大当量的宽角反射和折射地震资料, 并采用地震动力学射线方法获得地壳速度结构.结果显示: (1)研究区地壳平均速度为6.15~6.3 km·s^-1, Pn波速度为7.8~8.2 km·s^-1; (2)地壳厚度约为36.1~42.2 km, 最厚位置(~42.2 km)对应地表大兴安岭主峰, 说明大兴安岭在此位置存在山根; (3)地壳速度在1.5~6.8 km·s^-1范围内, 认为在该区地壳内不存在洋壳物质; (4)主要断裂带或缝合带位于速度等值线变化剧烈的梯度带上; (5)速度结构显示研究区具有明显的横向分区和纵向分层的特点.地壳内速度剧烈变化特征表明兴蒙造山带的地壳物质组成不均匀, 尤其中下地壳, 速度等值线起伏剧烈.这种复杂的地壳速度结构应该与中生代以来多板块汇聚引发的多期区域性伸展和挤压作用有关.

     

Estimating the density of intermediate size KBOs from considerations of volatile retention

By using a hydrodynamic atmospheric escape mechanism (Levi, A., Podolak, M. [2009]. Icarus 202, 681-693) we show how the unusually high mass density of Quaoar could have been predicted (constrained), without any knowledge of a binary companion. We suggest an explanation of the recent spectroscopic observations of Orcus and Charon [Delsanti, A., Merlin, F., Guilbert, A., Bauer, J., Yang, B., Meech, K.J., 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 520, A40; Cook, J.C., Desch, S.J., Roush, T.L., Trujillo, C.A., Geballe, T.R., 2007. Astrophys. J. 663, 1406-1419]. We present a simple relation between the detection of certain volatile ices and the body mass density and diameter. As a test case we implement the relations on the KBO 2003 AZ₈₄ and give constraints on its mass density. We also present a method of relating the latitude-dependence of hydrodynamic gas escape to the internal structure of a rapidly rotating body and apply it to Haumea.     

Global temperature and monsoon activity

In this paper an attempt has been made to search a new parameter for the prediction of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall. For this purpose the relationship of the global surface-air temperature of four standard seasons viz., Winter (December-January-February), Spring (March-April-May), Summer (June-July-August), Autumn (September-October-November) with the Indian summer monsoon rainfall has been carried out. The same analysis is also carried out with surface-air temperature anomalies within the tropical belt (30°S to 30°N) and Indian summer monsoon rainfall. For the present study data for 30 years period from 1958 to 1988 have been used. The analysis reveals that there is a strong inverse relationship between the monsoon activity and the tropical belt temperature.     

蒙阴县苏家沟科马提岩

苏家沟科马提岩呈透镜状残留体赋存于早元古代二长花岗岩中,主要由蛇纹石化橄榄科马提岩、透闪石岩、透闪片岩、阳起透闪片岩、绿泥透闪片岩、黑云阳起片岩等组成,具典型的鬣刺结构及变余鬣刺结构。该科马提岩的岩石学、岩石化学及结构特征与世界典型地区科马提岩极为相似,属橄榄科马提岩。     

利用MorPAS对上黑龙江成矿带进行金成矿预测

上黑龙江成矿带主要由早-中侏罗世河流-湖泊-洪积相含煤碎屑岩组成,目前已发现多个中小型矿床,在该区进行成矿预测意义重大。文章利用MORPAS成矿预测系统,采用证据权重法进行了成矿预测工作,在充分研究区内已知矿床的成矿规律基础上,以1：257Y地质图为背景,物化探异常分析子系统对1：20万区域化探数据进行C—A分形确定异常下限,综合现有的找矿标志,提取有利的成矿要素,进行针对处理,制成上黑龙江成矿带MORPAS金成矿预测分析图,提供成矿靶区,为森林高覆盖区提供找矿有利单元。     

导航卫星受地球外辐射带影响仿真分析

目前国际上不同国家已经进行了多个导航系统的开发,而构成这些系统的关键空间段实体导航卫星通常分布在中高轨道上,通过地球辐射带对该空间区域内卫星的辐射影响进行仿真分析,对于中轨道空间辐射,当卫星屏蔽厚度大于9mm,再增加屏蔽厚度的方法对辐射隔离不再敏感;对于高轨道空间辐射,当卫星屏蔽厚度大于7mm,再增加屏蔽厚度方法对隔离辐射已经不再敏感。可见,仅从辐射加固角度来说,在卫星设计时,以10年寿命为例,对于中轨道卫星屏蔽厚度区间取[8,9]mm为宜,对于高轨道卫星屏蔽厚度区间取[6,7]mm为宜。     

Geochemistry,and zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os geochronology of Jilongshan Cu–Au deposit,southeastern Hubei Province,China

The Jilongshan skarn Cu–Au deposit is located at the Jiurui ore cluster region in the southwestern part of the Middle–Lower Yangtze River valley metallogenic belt. The region is characterized by NW‐, NNW‐ and EW‐trending faults and the mineralization occurs at the contact of lower Triassic carbonate rocks and Jurassic granodiorite porphyry intrusions. The intrusives are characterized by SiO₂, K₂O, and Na₂O concentrations ranging from 61.66 to 67.8 wt.%, 3.29 to 5.65 wt.%, and 2.83 to 3.9 wt.%, respectively. Their A/CNK (A/CNK = n(Al₂O₃)/[n(CaO) + n(Na₂O) + n(K₂O)]) ratio, δEu, and δCe vary from 0.77 to 1.17, 0.86 to 1, and 0.88 to 0.96, respectively. The rocks show enrichment in light rare earth elements ((La/Yb)_N = 7.61–12.94) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE), and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE), such as Zr, Ti. They also display a peraluminous, high‐K calc‐alkaline signature typical of intrusives associated with skarn and porphyry Cu–Au–Mo polymetallic deposits. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) zircon U–Pb age indicates that the granodiorite porphyry formed at 151.75 ± 0.70 Ma. A few inherited zircons with older ages (677 ± 10 Ma, 848 ± 11 Ma, 2645 ± 38 Ma, and 3411 ± 36 Ma) suggest the existence of an Archaean basement beneath the Middle–Lower Yangtze River region. The temperature of crystallization of the porphyry estimated from zircon thermometer ranges from 744.3 °C to 751.5 °C, and 634.04 °C to 823.8 °C. Molybdenite Re–Os dating shows that the Jilongshan deposit formed at 150.79 ± 0.82 Ma. The metallogeny and magmatism are correlated to mantle–crust interaction, associated with the subduction of the Pacific Plate from the east. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

内蒙碾子沟钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及其地质意义

内蒙古碾子沟石英脉型钼矿床是一新发现的钼矿床,通过对主要钼矿体6件辉钼矿样品的Re-Os同位素分析,获得了150.2±2.2~154.4±2.2Ma之间、平均152.4±1.3Ma（2σ误差,MSWD=1.6）的同位素模式年龄,及一个相关性很好的等时线年龄154.3±3.6Ma（2σ误差,MSWD=1.9）,表明碾子沟钼矿床形成于晚侏罗世,属中国东部燕山期大规模钼成矿期成矿,是中国东部中生代构造体制大转折背景下的产物。碾子沟钼矿床辉钼矿的铼含量介于12.6×10^-6~37.0×10^-6,平均24.9×10^-6,通过与其它钼矿床对比,初步认为碾子沟钼矿床成矿物质具有壳幔混源、偏壳源特征。     

蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带中段构造变形及动力学特征

蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带作为中亚造山带的重要组成部分,其构造变形和动力学特征一直是地质界关注的问题。沿着该构造带中段,对5个韧性变形点及1个脆性变形点进行详细解析,揭示了该构造带变形及动力学特征。B型褶皱、揉皱、A型褶皱、矿物拉伸线理、S-C组构都显示了该构造带明显的NW—SE剪切作用。剪切方向稳定而单一,未发现多方向变形叠加现象,可能指示了蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带的形成过程为一期主要的俯冲碰撞或多期同向的俯冲碰撞。对蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带形成时间和动力学背景进行了讨论,认为该构造带主要形成于中晚侏罗世—早白垩世东亚多向汇聚动力学背景之下。对构造带内地质点mg6脆性断层面上滑动矢量进行了统计和古应力场反演,得出两期古构造应力场,一期为NW—SE挤压,一期为近E—W挤压。NW—SE挤压应力场可能对应了中晚侏罗世—白垩纪古太平洋板块向西俯冲对中亚地区的远程影响;而近E—W向挤压可能反映了早新生代印度—欧亚板块碰撞对中亚地区的远程效应。     

库车-喀什北缘山前带构造特征及成因分析

通过地震非地震联合解释及多年的勘探研究,认为受基底结构、构造演化、逆冲及走滑断裂等影响,库车-喀什北缘山前冲断带具有东西分段、南北分带的构造特征。自西向东分为喀什北缘、柯坪断隆和库车坳陷三大段,受近南北向逆冲挤压作用,每段均发育多排北东-南西向展布的逆冲褶皱带,其中库车坳陷主要由克拉苏、依奇克里克、秋里塔格构造带及乌什、拜城、阳霞凹陷等呈斜列式展布的次级构造单元组成。普遍发育的膏盐岩塑性层在一系列逆冲和走滑断裂的作用下,使得山前带构造样式更为复杂,发育断层转折褶皱、断层传播褶皱、滑脱褶皱和盐底辟(刺穿)构造等四种基本构造样式及多种组合样式。