甘肃北山小草湖超单元地质特征

小草湖超单元是北山地区最晚一期的花岗侵入岩体，从早到晚依次可划分为花岗闪长岩单元，斑状二长花岗岩单元，黑云母二长花岗岩单元，含白云母二长花岗岩单元共4个单元。侵入于石炭纪扫子山组和华力西中晚期四顶黑山序列及印支早期马鞍山北超单元中，形成时代为晚三叠纪，属印支晚期花岗质侵入岩体。各单元间为脉动型侵入接触关系。岩石化学成分及地球化学特征显示具“S”型花岗岩的特征，形成于板块同碰撞期到碰撞后期的造山环境。     

GPS sidereal filtering: coordinate- and carrier-phase-level strategies

Multipath error is considered one of the major errors affecting GPS observations. One can benefit from the repetition of satellite geometry approximately every sidereal day, and apply filtering to help minimize this error. For GPS data at 1 s interval processed using a double-difference strategy, using the day-to-day coordinate or carrier-phase residual autocorrelation determined with a 10-h window leads to the steadiest estimates of the error-repeat lag, although a window as short as 2 h can produce an acceptable value with > 97% of the optimal lag’s correlation. We conclude that although the lag may vary with time, such variation is marginal and there is little advantage in using a satellite-specific or other time-varying lag in double-difference processing. We filter the GPS data either by stacking a number of days of processed coordinate residuals using the optimum “sidereal” lag (23 h 55 m 54 s), and removing these stacked residuals from the day in question (coordinate space), or by a similar method using double-difference carrier-phase residuals (observational space). Either method results in more consistent and homogeneous set of coordinates throughout the dataset compared with unfiltered processing. Coordinate stacking reduces geometry-related repeating errors (mainly multipath) better than carrier-phase residual stacking, although the latter takes less processing time to achieve final filtered coordinates. Thus, the optimal stacking method will depend on whether coordinate precision or computational time is the over-riding criterion.     

对山西北台期夷平面的再认识

结合多年野外实际观察和吴忱关于地文期的最新研究成果,论证了在北台期夷平面之下尚有一级晚于北台期的夷平面存在,它的形成时代为渐新世。北台期则在中—晚白垩世。指出了确定夷平面和夷平面时代的依据,不能像Ｗｉｌｉｓ（１９０７）那样,只根据地形面切削了燕山期的地质构造确定。必须根据形态、沉积、旋回、层位和岩溶等综合证据,进行区划分析。最后,讨论了这两级古夷平面在地震地貌研究中的作用。     

Ages of sediment-hosted Himalayan Pb–Zn–Cu–Ag polymetallic deposits in the Lanping basin,China: Re–Os geochronology of molybdenite and Sm–Nd dating of calcite

The Lanping basin is a significant Pb–Zn–Cu–Ag mineralization belt of the Sanjiang Tethyan metallogenic province in China. Over 100 thrust-controlled, sediment-hosted, Himalayan base metal deposits have been discovered in this basin, including the largest sandstone-hosted Pb–Zn deposit in the world (Jinding), and several Cu ± Ag ± Co deposits (Baiyangping, Baiyangchang and Jinman). These deposits, with total reserves of over 16.0 Mt Pb + Zn, 0.6 Mt Cu, and 7000 t Ag, are mainly hosted in Meso-Cenozoic mottled clastic rocks, and strictly controlled by two Cenozoic thrust systems developed in the western and eastern segments of the Lanping basin.To define the metallogenic history of the study area, we dated nine calcite samples associated with copper sulfides from the Jinman Cu deposit by the Sm–Nd method and five molybdenite samples from the Liancheng Cu–Mo deposit by the Re–Os method. The calcite Sm–Nd age for the Jinman deposit (58 ± 5 Ma) and the molybdenite Re–Os age for the Liancheng deposit (48 ± 2 Ma), together with previously published chronological data, demonstrate (1) the Cu–Ag mineralization in the western Lanping basin mainly occurred in three episodes (i.e., ∼56–54, 51–48, and 31–29 Ma), corresponding to the main- and late-collisional stages of the Indo–Asian orogeny; and (2) the Pb–Zn–Ag (±Cu) mineralization in the eastern Lanping basin lacked precise and direct dating, however, the apatite fission track ages of several representative deposits (21 ± 4 Ma to 32 ± 5 Ma) may offer some constraints on the mineralization age.     

不同截止高度角下BDS-3SPP精度分析

针对卫星可见数与历元可用率较低情况下的BDS-3定位性能,本文基于MEGX跟踪站BDS-3与GPS实测数据,分析了不同高度角（10°、20°、30°、40°）下BDS-3卫星B1I、B1C、B2a、B3I,以及GPS系统L1频率的单点定位（SPP）精度。研究发现,BDS-3平均卫星可见数与卫星空间几何构型优于GPS,且随着高度角的增加呈线性变化。BDS-3的4个频率的SPP精度随着高度角的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,高度角为20°时,定位精度最高,高度角达到40°时,定位精度最低,且历元可用率也最低;但B1I和B3I历元可用率仍大于90%,而B1C和B2a历元可用率大于70%;不论是SPP定位精度还是历元可用率,均优于GPS系统L1频率。     

小秦岭地区金矿成矿机理分析

小秦岭成矿带是我国重要的贵金属成矿带之一,金矿受地层、构造和岩浆岩控制,具有＂三位一体＂的成矿模式。太古宙太华群地层为成矿提供了物质基础,区域变质作用使金发生初次富集;早期自北而南的挤压形成规模巨大的推覆构造为含金石英脉的生成提供了有利空间;燕山期构造—岩浆活动对金的活化、迁移、富集起主导作用     

甘肃兰州盆地渐新世古气候参数重建

本文对甘肃兰州盆地渐新统韩家井组的9科11属20种植物化石进行了共存分析,重建了该地区渐新世古气候各参数:年均温(MAT)为-1.4℃～10.9℃,最热月均温(MWT)为9.6℃～27.3℃,最冷月均温(CMT)为-4.4℃～-12.5℃,年较差(DT)为28.0℃～29.8℃,年均降水量(MAP)为315.7～492.2mm,平均最大月降水量(MMaP)为70.5～93.5mm,平均最小月降水量(MMiP)为0.4～11.1mm。分析表明相对于当前气候来说,兰州盆地在渐新世时接近现今甘肃武山地区气候特征,降水量多,气候更加湿润。     

New Discovery of Oligocene Gastropod Opercula from the Yehucheng Formation in Northwestern China

Fourteen species of nonmarine gastropod opercula are found to be in high abundance in the Oligocene upper member of the Yehucheng Formation,Lanzhou Basin,northwest China.They are attributed to two families,namely Bithyniidae and Assimineidae,and four genera,namely Pseudemmericia,Bithynia,Mirolaminatus and Assiminea.Among them,three species are new,and they are Bithynia paramonolithic sp.nov.,B.obliquus sp.nov.,and B.disregularis sp.nov.Some of these species were first discovered in Paleogene strata of the vast Northwest China and can be compared with the opercula recovered from the Paleogene deposits in East and South China.It is inferred from the paleontology and sediment associations that the climate was slightly humid and the fauna probably inhabited the fresh or brackish water of a shallow lake in the Lanzhou Basin during the late early Oligocene period.     

GPS历元比较时间对齐方法

基于“齿轮转动”思想,本文设计了对GPS历元时间对齐比较的方法,实现了两个GPS历元文件各历元准确遍历自动查询,有效解决了历元比较时间对齐耗时、费力问题;通过文件两两比较可实现三文件比较,该方法查询速度快、省时简便,同时为其他具有相同特性的数据比较提供了很好的经验,具有较好的实际应用价值。     

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