Evaluation of the Salicylic Acid—Liquid Phase Scrubbing Technique to Monitor Atmospheric Hydroxyl Radicals

A novel method has been examined for monitoring tropospheric hydroxyl radicals (OH), the most important oxidant in tropospheric chemistry. Aqueous phase salicylic acid reacts with atmospheric OH to produce 2,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2,5-DHBA) and other products. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is used to separate the post-reaction solution and the products are quantified using fluorescence detection. Unlike other methods, it has been reported to be inexpensive, portable and relatively simple. Although the sensitivity was sufficient to measure typical daytime OH concentrations of 0.04–0.4 ppt., the method was hindered by numerous interferences. Successive identification and elimination of these still resulted in a signal that was much larger than expected. Tests showed that this was not likely to be due to ozone, HO₂, NOx, H₂O₂, aerosols, light or bacteria. Experimental and numerical studies suggest that the interference could be due to methyl peroxy radicals. The effect of many other components in the atmosphere, both individual and combined, must also be tested before the method can be used reliably in the field. The validity of previous reports of ambient hydroxyl measurements using this technique is therefore brought into question.     

Reducing ground vibrations caused by underground blasts in LKAB Malmberget mine

Due to the large-scale sub-level caving in Malmberget mine and the short distance between the mine and Malmberget town, the ground vibrations in the town have reached a high level since the year 2001 when large scale caving mining started. In order to control and reduce the high vibrations, LKAB launched a research project on active reduction of vibrations in Malmberget by using the wave interference or wave superposition method with electronic detonators. By means of this method, the vertical vibrations were reduced by 10% and the total vibration time for a ring blast was reduced by 80% according to five ring tests in the mine. For a further reduction of the vibrations, a second method, named changing initiation sequence in ring blasts, was developed on the basis of stress wave theory and the geographic conditions of the town and the mine. The second method has so far been applied in all of the drifts near the town, and the vibrations measured at the town show that the vertical vibrations caused by production blasts in the mine have been reduced by more than 31% on average. In addition, a third method, dividing a ring into two parts during blasting, was developed and used to reduce the ground vibrations from a number of very large rings in the mine. The results indicate that the vibrations have been reduced by more than 33%, and a more interesting and surprising result is that ore extraction has been increased by the third method.     

列车振动的地震记录信号特征

在给出列车的多点运动源基本描述的基础上，对2003年3月8日在大秦铁路怀柔段的观测试验记录进行了初步分析. 分析表明:列车振动所具有的绿色环保、频谱较宽、重复性好和稳定性强的优点，除传统认识的噪声和振动干扰外，也可以用于地下结构的探测研究.如能在理论模型和信号分析处理方法，甚至观测积累方面进行深入的探索研究，将可为地球物理勘探开辟新的途径.      

成层地基一维土层对地震的随机反应分析

首先基于改进的一维剪切梁模型，对成层土层推导了确定自振频率、振型函数、参与系数及稳态动力响应的封闭型解析表达式，首次证明了成层土层振型函数的正交性，然后在此基础上，利用随机振动理论，研究了成层土层对地震的随机动力反应问题，关于基岩输入地震加速度的功率谱密度函数，考虑了两种形式：白噪声谱和过滤白噪声谱。数值计算结果表明：对这两种谱，土层的最大期望反应是不相同的；平稳输入与输出过高估计了土层的随机反应。     

考虑流-固耦合影响的挡水结构自振特性

对流体-固体之间的动力相互作用的问题，采用流体有限元法研究结构自振特性的影响。建立了流固耦合运动方程体系，并对耦合方程组的求解过程进行了推导与阐述。编制了流体有限元自动生成程序，使得流固耦合问题从建立模型到分析能够利用计算机自动实现。最后以挡水结构作为算例，分别就不同水位工况和水体采用不同长度模型对结构振动的影响进行了分析。     

振动压路机地面振动对建筑物的影响

研究了振动压路机的地面振动衰减关系，指出压路机的激振力、振动频率和场地土质条件都是影响振动衰减的重要因素，提出了各类建筑物安全振动速度的标准，评价了振动压路机施工振动对建筑物的影响。     

Identification of structural and soil properties from vibration tests of the Hualien containment model

Measurements of the response of the ¼‐scale reinforced concrete Hualien (Taiwan) containment model obtained during forced vibration tests are used to identify some of the characteristics of the superstructure and the soil. In particular, attempts are made to determine the fixed‐base modal frequencies, modal damping ratios, modal masses and participation factors associated with translation and rocking of the base. The shell superstructure appears to be softer than could have been predicted on the basis of the given geometry and of test data for the properties of concrete. Estimates of the shear‐wave velocity and damping ratio in the top layer of soil are obtained by matching the observed and theoretical system frequency and peak amplitude of the response at the top of the structure. The resulting models for the superstructure and the soil lead to theoretical results for the displacement and rotations at the base and top of the structure which closely match the observed response. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高阶单步法控制MR智能隔震系统的试验研究

高阶单步法已成功地应用于结构非线性分析及考虑时滞的主动控制等，显示了它的稳定、精度高和计算迅速等特点。磁流变阻尼器是一种性能优良的智能阻尼器，它具有阻尼力可调范围宽、响应迅速且所需能量很少的特点。本文将磁流变（MR）阻尼器与普通橡胶隔震支座相结合，采用高阶单步算法和两种控制策略对结构进行振动控制。数值模拟分析与振动台试验结果表明：由MR阻尼器提供可调阻尼力的智能隔震控制系统能有效克服被动隔震最优控制频带窄的缺点，对较宽频域范围不同大小的地震激励均能提供最优控制。同时也表明该控制算法是一种能用于结构实际控制的变阻尼有效算法。     

瞬态振动法瑞雷面波采集质量的探讨与分析

结合实例,对瞬态振动法瑞雷面波资料采集技术进行深入研究,分析了影响瞬态瑞雷面波勘探的各种因素以及应采取的数据采集技术,从而达到提高资料采集质量的目的。     

建筑物抗震安全性评估专家系统

本文从振动测量角度识别建筑物的模态参数，利用模态参数结合抗震规范对现存莪抗震安全进行评估。用ＬＩＰＳ语言完成专家系统的实现，据此可进行多类建筑物的抗震安全性评估，最后用一个房屋结构的数值模拟例子说明评估过程。