周期分布桩体对平面SH波隔振效应的解析求解

将排桩对平面SH波的隔振简化为弹性波散射的二维平面问题,基于全空间中无限周期结构的周期特性,给出了一种求解无限周期分布桩体对平面SH波隔振效应的解析方法。该方法采用波函数展开法并结合Graf加法定理,利用全空间中相邻周期单元的散射波场在频域内相差一个相位的特性,仅选取一个周期单元,将入射波场和所有散射波场的贡献叠加后,根据边界条件求解待定系数,从而求得整个散射波场。该解析解能够精确求解无限周期分布桩体的散射问题,分析周期分布桩体数量较多时的隔振规律,弥补了以往理论分析中桩体个数较多时难以求解的不足。重点讨论了桩体个数、桩体刚度、桩体间距和桩体类型等因素对隔振效果的影响,结果表明：（1）该方法显著降低了求解大量桩体问题时的存储量和计算量,有限周期模型计算结果随桩体个数增多收敛于无限周期模型,反映了该方法的正确性;（2）整体上桩体刚度增大有利于提高隔振效果,但桩体刚度对隔振效果的提升有限,桩体剪切波速为土体5倍时已具有足够的隔振效果;（3）桩间距对隔振效果有着直接影响,间距越小则低频禁带宽度越大;（4）桩体类型对隔振效果有着显著影响,实心桩有着良好的隔振效果,而具有柔性内填充的管桩在低频段有着更佳的隔振效果。     

Field experiment of subgrade vibration induced by passing train in a seasonally frozen region of Daqing

The vibration characteristics and attenuation of the subgrade caused by passing trains in a seasonally frozen region of Daqing, China are investigated. Three field experiments were conducted during different times through the year, in normal, freezing and thawing periods, respectively, and the influence of the season, train speed and train type, is described in this paper. The results show that: (l) the vertical component is the greatest among the three components of the measured vibration near the rail track, and as the distance to the railway track increases, the dominant vibration depends on the season. (2) Compared with the vibration in the normal period, the vertical and longitudinal vibrations increase while the lateral vibration decreases in the freezing period. However, in the thawing period, the vertical and longitudinal vibrations decrease, and the lateral vibration increases. (3) As train speeds increase, the subgrade vibration increases. (4) The vibration induced by a freight train is greater than by a passenger train. These observations provide a better understanding of the vibration and dynamic stability of the subgrade and may be useful in developing criteria for railway and building construction in cold regions.     

Mitigation of micro vibration by viscous dampers

This study proposes a micro vibration mitigation system using viscous dampers to solve the problem of vibration in a high-tech building.Due to the operating frequency of the air conditioners and fundamental mode of the floors,a resonant phenomenon is occasionally experienced at the upper levels of the structure.Several strategies were considered,and viscous dampers combined with a suspension system were chosen to mitigate this annoying situation.A theoretical analysis was f irst executed to determine the op...     

地冲击荷载作用下双层结构磁流变阻尼器隔震效果的数值模拟

在抗爆结构中,一般采用单层隔震系统进行隔震,目前单层隔震系统的最大隔震率可以达到90％以上,但在加速度峰值很高的冲击荷载作用下,隔震后的结构响应加速度仍然很大。鉴于这种情况,本文对加入磁流变阻尼器（MRD）的双层隔震系统进行了研究。针对抗爆结构的两种典型荷载,采用改进Bouc—Wen模型和模糊控制方法,利用Matlab Simulink对双层隔震系统进行了数值模拟,计算了不同荷载作用下,不同隔震系统的加速度、位移及结构的振动剂量值（VDV）的响应,并与结构采用单层隔震系统的结果进行了对比。结果表明,与单层隔震系统相比,带有磁流变阻尼器的双层隔震系统没有太多的优越性。     

固结时间对软粘土动剪切模量的影响

随着固结时间的增加,试样逐渐变硬的硬化效应使软粘土的动剪切模量增大;同时,随着固结时间的增加,试样高度和直径明显减小的尺寸效应,也使软粘土的动剪切模量受到显著的影响。通过软粘土自振柱试验,分析了固结时间对软粘土的最大动剪切模量、动剪切模量比和试样尺寸的影响;根据自振柱试验的基本原理,分析了试样尺寸的变化对软粘土动剪切模量的影响;结合试验得到的固结时间和试样尺寸的关系,分析了固结时间通过试样尺寸对软粘土动剪切模量的影响。     

预静载对全级配混凝土梁动弯拉强度的影响

为了探讨预静载对全级配混凝土梁动弯拉强度的影响,本文从全级配混凝土的细观层次出发,将梁的纯弯段视为由水泥砂浆、粗骨料及两者间的黏结带所组成的复合材料。采用既考虑应变率强化效应又计及损伤弱化效应的动态本构模型反映细观单元的损伤退化。通过自编的以位移控制的有限元程序对全级配混凝土梁在不同预静载作用下的破坏机制进行了数值模拟,给出了相应的应力一应变曲线和动弯拉强度。计算结果显示：全级配混凝土梁的动弯拉强度随着预静载的增加而上升。     

基于遗传算法优化的高层建筑风振模糊控制

本文针对高层建筑风振控制问题,应用基于遗传算法优化模糊规则库的模糊控制方法,通过MR阻尼器实现减小高层建筑风振反应. 采用双输入、单输出的模糊控制策略, 即以风荷载和其变化率为输入量, 以MR阻尼器所提供的控制力为输出量.利用基于遗传算法的优化的模糊规则库,根据作用模糊子集的推理方法进行模糊推理运算, 并采用常用的重心法进行解模糊处理.以某12层框架结构为例, 进行数值模拟分析,并与优化前的模糊控制策略和LQR最优控制策略进行比较.数值分析结果表明,利用遗传算法使优化模糊规则库得以优化,改善了模糊控制的效果,有效地减小了结构的风振反应.     

爆破震动信号的多分辨小波分析

采用小波分析和快速傅立叶变换相结合的方法,对工程案例的爆破震动近、中远区的实测原始信号进行小小波分解和重构,得到重构后各子频带的时间信号及频谱,在此基础上通过Matlab语言编写程序研究爆破地震波沿各分区信号的频谱及能量分布特征。指出：爆破震动各分区的主频从大到小排序为：近区>中区>远区;随着比例距离的增加,低频带能量所占信号总能量的比例升高,高频带能量所占比例下降;频率越低的频带信号,持续时间越长;除主频所在频带外,在0～2.441 5 Hz频段（比较接近建筑物的自振频率）,爆破震动信号在水平方向占有不小的能量比例,故建筑物进行结构设计时考虑水平方向的抗震尤为重要。     

Coupled shear‐bending formulation for seismic analysis of stacked wood shear wall systems

A summary of the development of a new coupled shear‐bending model for analysis of stacked wood shear walls and multi‐story wood‐frame buildings is presented in this paper. The model focuses on dynamic response of light‐frame wood structures under seismic excitation. The formulation is intended to provide a more versatile option than present pure shear models in that the new model is capable of accurately capturing the overall lateral response of each story diaphragm and separates the inter‐story shear deformation and the deformation associated with rotation of the diaphragm due to rod elongation, which is an analogue to the bending deformation in an Euler–Bernoulli beam model. Modeling the coupling of bending and shear deformation is shown to provide more accurate representation of stacked shear wall system behavior than a pure shear model, particularly for the upper stories in the assembly. The formulation is coupled with the newly developed evolutionary parameter hysteretic model for wood shear walls. Existing data from a shake table test of an isolated three‐story wood shear wall were used to verify the accuracy of the model prediction. The numerical results agreed very well with shake table test measurements. The influence of a continuous rod hold‐down system on the dynamic behavior of the three‐story stacked wood shear wall was also successfully simulated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

结构振动控制智能材料研究及应用进展

压电材料、形状记忆材料、电（磁）流变体以及磁致伸缩材料是土木工程结构振动控制中经常采用的4种智能材料。本文概括介绍了4种智能材料的基本原理,系统总结了4种智能材料在土木工程结构振动控制中的研究与应用进展,最后指出了需进一步研究的方向。