海温作用与低频振荡

提出一个求定常方程平衡数值解的方法,并利用这个方法求得了雷州半岛海风环流的稳定数值解,在一定下边界强迫下得到了和观侧相一致的环流状态,进而讨论了大气参数对海风环流的影响,试验表明,所提出的求解方法是有效的.     

Numerical Simulation of Regional Short-Range Climate Anomalies

With the high-speed development of numerical weather prediction, since the later 1980’s, the prediction of short-range climate anomalies has attracted worldwide meteorologists’ attention. What the so called short-range re-fers to the time scale from one month to one season or more. In dealing with the problem of short-range climate pre-diction, two points are needed noticing: one is the basic research to explore or investigate the mechanism of variability of the slow varying components which mainly include internal dynamics of extratropics, external forcings and tropical dynamics, and the other is the modeling efforts to simulate the process of the long-term evolution of the signal which include the improvement of model quality, stochastic prediction and the air-sea-coupled model (Miyakoda et al.,1986). Previous researches on the numerical prediction of short-term climate anomalies are mostly concentrated in the analysis of variables with global spatial scale, especially the global general atmospheric circulation analysis.As to the simulation or prediction of regional short-term climate anomalies, there exist many difficulties and problems. Though some meteorologists are devoting themself to this field, up to now, they have not reached satisfac-tory results. As a primary effort, by using the 2-level general atmospheric circulation model developed in the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP-AGCM) (Zeng et al., 1989), and taking the year of 1985 as a case, a numerical simulation of regional short-term climate change is completed. We pay high attention to the predictand of anomalous summer rainfall in the Yangtze River and Yellow River valleys, especially its month-to-month variation.     

冷空气爆发时陆地边界层的数值模拟

本文建立了一个三维中尺度模式,分别模拟了平坦地形及规则山地情形下冷空气爆发过程,并模拟了无冷空气时天气演变过程作为比较.模拟结果合理地给出了冷空气爆发后边界层内诸要素的变化规律,如大风的出现、风向的改变、动量通量的增大、气压的升高等.     

二维海陆风环流的数值研究

本文对Nickerson的中尺度模式作了一些修改,加入了地表热量平衡方程和一个13层的土壤层模式,并对Therry等的行星边界层参数化形式作了调整.使之较好地模拟出太阳辐射和地表温度的日变化.对不同地形、纬度和夏、冬季海陆风的模拟表明,本模式具有较强的海陆风模拟能力.     

五矩二流太阳风等离子体特性的数值研究

本文数值求解了各向同性二流太阳风的五矩方程组,得出了1 R_s-2AU区域内太阳风密度、速度、电子和质子温度、它们的热流通量密度q以及非麦克斯韦分布尾部粒子过剩量ξ随日心距离的变化关系.文中比较了二流太阳风五矩模型、四矩模型（ξ=0）和低阶矩模型（不包括q和ξ二个矩方程）的等离子体特性,着重讨论了量ξ对质子温度及其热流通量的影响.结果表明,包括言的五矩方程可改善T_e/T_p和q_e/q_p的计算值与观测值的符合程度.     

磁层亚暴扩展相的数值模拟

本文用多步隐格式方法,求解包含电阻的磁流体力学方程组,对磁层亚暴扩展相作数值模拟.计算结果展现了亚暴扩展相期间磁尾变化的主要特征.它表明,球向和尾向等离子体流与准稳态重联有关.等离子体团的尾向喷发,致使中性线尾侧电流片内的密度降低,等离子体片变薄.中性线近地侧的等离子体团朝着地球运动,并合并于地球附近的重联区内.     

黑河试验中测站设置（夏季）的数值模拟研究

本文用具有较高水平与垂直分辨率的数值模式诊断计算了黑河试验区的感热通量和潜热通量,并通过对这些诊断通量的统计分析研究了黑河试验中观测站点的代表性和设置问题,得到在试验区内不同下垫面上设置观测站点的具体方案,以及选择有较好代表性的观测站点的一般原则。     

马17井映震灵敏的应力条件数学模拟研究

本文利用线弹性理论的二维有限元方法,计算了马17井的区域应力及井区平面与剖面的应力状态,研究该井映震灵敏的应力条件。计算结果表明井区在华北地区中强以上地震活动时具有一定的应力集中     

A NUMERICAL MODEL FOR SEDIMENTATION IN FENHE RESERVOIR AND THE ADJOINING REACHES

In this paper, a numerical model for sedimentation in Fenhe Reservoir and the adjoining reaches has been presented on the basis of the theory of non-equilibrium sediment transport. The model is calibrated by using a part of the sediment data collected for Fenhe Reservoir and checked by simulating the remaining data. Moreover, the method of optimization in nonlinear programming has been applied to determine the basic parameters of the model applying a concept of fuzzy mathematics to formulate the objective functions. The computed amounts of reservoir deposition and channel deformation arc found to be substantially in agreement with the values observed.     

用10层准拉格朗日有限区域模式对高原东侧锋生过程的数值模拟

本文对一次引起夏季华北暴雨的锋生过程进行了研究。在诊断分析的基础上,我们采用十层准拉格朗日有限区域模式对此个例进行了48小时的模拟,并对模拟输出结果进行解释与再次诊断。表明:(1)夏季高原东侧有时两支气流交绥很清楚,温度对比明显,与梅雨锋的情况很不相同,这在夏末尤其如此。这种温度对比区虽比冬季弱,但是,与夏季天气系统的发展及降水是有关系的。(2)模拟结果与实际观测资料是很相似的,再现了两支气流形成切变线的三维结构、移动与演变,并模拟出了在对流层中存在着深厚的24小时变温区;模拟发现,一条东北-西南向的锋生