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21.
M. Mejías J. Garcia-Orellana J. L. Plata M. Marina E. Garcia-Solsona B. Ballesteros P. Masqué J. López C. Fernández-Arrojo 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(3):521-536
A methodology for the characterization of deep carbonate aquifers has been developed and applied to El Maestrazgo Jurassic
aquifer in Castellón, Spain. Characterization of these aquifer formations, located at more than 300 m deep, consisted of a
previous phase of compilation, analysis and synthesis of the existing information about the area, followed by a coordinated
combination of different speciality studies: geology, stratigraphy, structural analysis, hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, geophysics
and remote sensing. Geological studies included geological mapping, definition of stratigraphical units and facies and structural
analysis. The aim of the hydrogeology study was to define aquifer formations, recharge area, aquifer points inventory and
groundwater flow directions for the establishment of piezometric and water quality observation nets. Special techniques were
applied, like thermal infrared aerial images and the evaluation of submarine groundwater discharge by means of natural radium
isotopes. Hydrochemical techniques, including majority elements characterization and stable isotopes (18O, 2H and 3H) determination, allowed classifying hydrochemical facies and establishing a renewal pattern for water within the system.
Geophysics was useful in determining the aquifer geometry, the features of the basement and the petrophysical characteristics
of the geological formations. Preliminary results show an important tectonic complexity and the possibilities for groundwater
uses in the area of study. 相似文献
22.
从混凝土管材的选定、工作坑的设计及施工、顶管顶进中若干关键问题入手,介绍了手掘式顶管施工技术在成都市中心城水环境综合整治工程G标段管道排水工程中的应用。 相似文献
23.
本文提出了~(15)N示踪-离子质谱法实测新生产力的方法,并于1991年11月—1992年5月结合胶州湾现场调查的实际样品,对示踪剂量、培养时间、样品贮存、消解剂量和时间、铵离子的扩散吸收,以及方法的空白值、检出限、精密度和准确度等进行了实验研究。结果表明,该法具有较高的精密度和良好的准确度,与经典的气体质谱法相比,还具有进样量少以及可同时分析~(15)N丰度、总氮浓度和水中铵离子浓度等特点,对于含氮量极低、铵氮再生迅速的海洋环境中新生产力的研究,具有特殊的意义。 相似文献
24.
25.
The Agulhas Ridge is a prominent topographic feature that parallels the Agulhas-Falkland Fracture Zone (AFFZ). Seismic reflection
and wide angle/refraction data have led to the classification of this feature as a transverse ridge. Changes in spreading
rate and direction associated with ridge jumps, combined with asymmetric spreading within the Agulhas Basin, modified the
stress field across the fracture zone. Moreover, passing the Agulhas Ridge’s location between 80 and 69 Ma, the Bouvet and
Shona Hotspots may have supplied excess material to this part of the AFFZ thus altering the ridge’s structure. The low crustal
velocities and overthickened crust of the northern Agulhas Ridge segment indicate a possible continental affinity that suggests
it may be formed by a small continental sliver, which was severed off the Maurice Ewing Bank during the opening of the South
Atlantic. In early Oligocene times the Agulhas Ridge was tectono-magmatically reactivated, as documented by the presence of
basement highs disturbing and disrupting the sedimentary column in the Cape Basin. We consider the Discovery Hotspot, which
distributes plume material southwards across the AAFZ, as a source for the magmatic material. 相似文献
26.
Abstract. The major changes within the concepts of marine ecology are investigated, with the aim to design this new journal's scientific format. Four phases of marine sciences are distinguished: the phase of seafarers, of oceanographic expeditions, of marine stations, and of field research. The changes in the latter two are discussed in detail. The changes are described as occurring along three axes. First, as a movement towards the object; accomplished by fieldwork, scientific diving, remote controlled equipment, and by underwater experimentation. Second, the cooperation between several disciplines that led towards bridging gaps. And lastly, how the discovery of unifying principles in ecology (the development of an ecological theory) led the approach in marine ecology towards increasing complexity. 相似文献
27.
K. G. Robertson 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1990,12(1-2):3-8
Accurate navigation forms an essential part of all research at sea and the deep ocean imposes it's own unique problems. This chapter discusses several of the techniques in current use on the research vessels of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), concentrating on those systems which provide global navigation facilities, as opposed to the more localised, coastal aids. Whilst most of the systems rely on surface propagation of radio waves, the use of acoustics and sea-bed mapping instruments constitute accurate alternatives for some sub-sea applications. 相似文献
28.
0421号热带风暴“海马(Haima)”于2004年9月13日12:00在浙江省温州市沿海登陆,登陆后迅速减弱为热带低压,20:00在浙江境内消失.本研究采用物理量诊断分析法,探讨该热带风暴登陆前后涡度场、湿焓场变化对其移向和强度的影响.结果表明,该热带风暴登陆后,涡度(ξ)明显减弱.涡度局地变化(ξ/t)值分布显示,风暴移动方向的后方,涡度减弱的趋势比前方涡度增大的趋势更剧烈;风暴有向其外围(ξ/t)正值中心(即涡度增幅最大)移动的趋势.该热带风暴登陆前、后,湿焓都增大,但登陆后湿焓增大趋势已大大减弱;风暴有向湿焓局地变化(E/t)正值中心移动的趋势,即向能量增强最大的方向移动. 相似文献
29.
Modeling bed-load transport of coarse sediments in the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. Bilgili M. R. Swift D. R. Lynch J. T. C. Ip 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,58(4):937-950
Current, sea level and bed-load transport are investigated in the Lower Piscataqua River section of the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire, USA—a well-mixed and geometrically complex system with low freshwater input, having main channel tidal currents ranging between 0.5 and 2 m s−1. Current and sea level forced by the M2M4M6 tides at the estuarine mouth are simulated by a vertically averaged, non-linear, time-stepping finite element model. The hydrodynamic model uses a fixed boundary computational domain and accounts for flooding–drying of tidal flats by making use of a groundwater component. Inertia terms are neglected in comparison with pressure gradient and bottom friction terms, which is consistent with the observed principal dynamic balance for this section of the system. The accuracy of hydrodynamic predictions in the study area is demonstrated by comparison with four tidal elevation stations and two cross-section averaged current measurements. Simulated current is then used to model bed-load transport in the vicinity of a rapidly growing shoal located in the main channel of the lower system. Consisting of coarse sand and gravel, the shoal must be dredged every five to eight years. Two approaches are taken—an Eulerian parametric method in which nodal bed-load flux vectors are averaged over the tidal cycle and a Lagrangian particle tracking approach in which a finite number of sediment particles are released and tracked. Both methods yield pathways and accumulations in agreement with the observed shoal formation and the long-term rate of sediment accumulation in the shoal area. 相似文献
30.
西太平洋暖池变异及其对西太平洋次表层海温场的影响 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
应用热带太平洋上层XBT温度资料,分析研究了西太平洋暖池区(0°~16°N,125°~145°E)上层海洋的变化特征以及与西太平洋次表层海温场之间的关系.研究表明,西太平洋暖池区的垂向温度存在显著的年际变化,尤其在次表层(120~200m)的变化最为明显.西太平洋暖池区的次表层冷暖信号明显早于西太平洋次表层的海温异常.分析发现,西太平洋暖池区的海温异常是导致整个西太平洋次表层海温场变异的关键区,当西太平洋暖池区的次表层冷暖信号加强时,3~4个月后西太平洋海温场出现大范围的冷暖异常. 相似文献