甘肃古浪、景泰活断层上的树木地震学研究

在树木地震学测年技术研究的基础上，沿古浪活断层西段鉴定和评价了数百棵树。对树木生长速率及年轮比率低值偏离的３种类型进行了有效的识别。结果表明：断崖上被破坏的青海云杉中，记录的结构和生长速率异常，可以归因于１９２７年５月２３日古浪８级大地震的影响。从而为古浪地震断层的判定提供了准确的年代证据。并将前人认为的古浪地震断层位置向冷龙岭北麓南移了３０余公里。用该方法在老虎山活断层上对１８８８年１１月２日景秦６１／４级地震破裂带定年，再次获得成效     

华北强震断层面解和震源深度特征

本文利用远震P波及SH波和区域地震P_(nl)波波形反演方法,测定了华北9次强震的断层面解、震源深度及地震矩.结合其他作者测定的7次地震的结果,分析了华北16次强震断层面解及华北地震震源深度特征.结果表明,华北多数强震为走滑型地震,也有个别正断层型及逆断层型地震;16次地震多数发生在地壳中部10-25km深度范围内.     

青藏块体北缘跨断层测量资料宏观分析

本文在系统整理青藏块体北缘跨断层测量资料的基础上，进行了形变类型的划分，探讨了不同类型形变所反映的断层运动性能。     

熊坡背斜构造变形与蒲江-新津断裂活动特征

熊坡背斜位于龙门山构造带东南端的成都盆地内,是龙门山逆冲推覆构造向前推挤进入盆地内部的一个主要变形区域,与其配套发育的断裂为蒲江-新津断裂,断裂与背斜褶皱之间在构造变形模式上表现出明显的一致性。在褶皱和断裂的构造变形和活动特征上,熊坡背斜南段表现为一种不对称的褶皱,向NE方向发展表现为较为宽缓的对称褶皱形态,卷入的地层主要是中生代及其以前的地层,对蒲江-新津断裂的地貌调查结果表明,断裂没有对该区域内广泛发育的冲沟Ⅰ级阶地产生影响,而对山前发育的相当于南河(岷江Ⅰ级支流)Ⅳ级阶地的洪积台地有明显的控制作用,说明断裂活动时间应该为第四纪早期,到第四纪晚期活动减弱或是趋于静止     

阿尔金北缘断裂雁丹图、长草沟河流阶地与构造抬升

宽谷及宽谷阶地的形成与流域内的构造抬升活动密切相关。文中在考察阿尔金北缘断裂东段雁丹图与长草沟宽谷的基础上 ,结合古气候资料 ,探讨了晚更新世晚期以来两地河流阶地所反映的构造抬升。雁丹图自约 16 1kaBP以来发育了 3级堆积阶地 (T1,T2 与T3) ,并出露埋藏主要宽谷。 3级阶地面年龄分别约为 16 1ka ,12 8ka ,6 2ka ,反映了 3次构造抬升的存在 ,代表了 3次构造抬升发生的时间。雁丹图自约 16 1kaBP以来的构造抬升速率约为 4 8～ 4 5mm/a ;12 8～ 6 2kaBP间的抬升速率约 6 4mm/a ;6 2kaBP以来为 3 1mm/a。长草沟在 7kaBP以来有 4级阶地发育 (T3,T2 ,T′1与T1) ,均为堆积阶地 ,并出露埋藏宽谷。其中T3与T2 出露埋藏主要宽谷 ,T′1与T1出露埋藏次要宽谷。T3,T2与T′13级阶地的阶地面年龄分别约为 7ka ,3ka,2 5ka。 4级阶地反映 2次构造抬升 ,一次在约 7kaBP ,一次在 3kaBP左右。自 7 0kaBP以来长草沟的抬升速率约为 5 9mm/a ,在 7～ 3     

首都圈跨断层形变反映的断层活动方式及其成因探讨

本文深入分析了首都圈10个跨断层形变场地的流动观测资料, 计算了断层水平滑动量。 结果表明, 首都圈断层形变反映的断层活动非常复杂。 其中: NW走向的施庄断裂左旋滑动量与时间呈线性关系, 在观测期内左旋滑动速率约为0.08 mm/a; NW走向的墙子路断裂观测期内以左旋滑动为主, 但水平滑动量较施庄断裂小; NE走向的断层在观测期内的活动方式多以左旋滑动为主, 水平滑动量随时间无明显变化规律。 在对断层活动观测结果详细分析的基础上, 利用平面弹性有限元模型对首都圈的断层活动进行了模拟研究, 认为该地区主要受张家口—渤海构造带左旋剪切的控制, 且不同走向活动断层以左旋走滑为主。     

Multistage Deformation in the Northeastern Segment of the Jiangshao Fault (Suture) Belt: Constraints for the Relationship between the Yangtze Plate and the Cathaysia Old Land

Multistage deformation events have occurred in the northeastern Jiangshao Fault (Suture) Belt. The earliest two are ductile deformation events. The first is the ca. 820 Ma top-to-the-northwest ductile thrusting, which directly resulted from the collision between the Cathaysia Old Land and the Chencai Arc (?) during the Late Neoproterozoic, and the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt that formed as the ocean closed between the Yangtze Plate and the jointed Cathaysia Old Land and the Chencai Arc due to continuous compression. The second is the ductile left-lateral strike-slipping that occurred in the latest Early Paleozoic. Since the Jinning period, all deformation events represent the reactivation or inversion of intraplate structures due to the collisions between the North China and Yangtze plates during the Triassic and between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates during the Cenozoic. In the Triassic, brittle right-lateral strike-slipping and subsequent top-to-the south thrusting occurred along the whole northeastern Jiangshao Fault Zone because of the collision between the North China and Yangtze plates. In the Late Mesozoic, regional extension took place across southeastern China. In the Cenozoic, the collision between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates resulted in brittle thrusts along the whole Jiangnan Old land in the Miocene. The Jiangshao Fault Belt is a weak zone in the crust with long history, and its reactivation is one of important characteristics of the deformation in South China; however, late-stage deformation events did not occur beyond the Jiangnan Old Land and most of them are parallel to the strike of the Old Land, which is similar to the Cenozoic deformation in Central Asia. In addition, the Jiangnan old Land is not a collisional boundary between the Yangtze Plate and Cathaysia Old Land in the Triassic.     

RELOCATION OF MAIN SHOCK AND AFTERSHOCKS OF THE 2014 YINGJIANG MS5.6 AND MS6.1 EARTHQUAKES IN YUNNAN

Yingjiang area is located in the China-Burma border,the Sudian-Xima arc tectonic belt,which lies in the collision zone between the Indian and Eurasian plates.The Yingjiang earthquake occurring on May 30th,2014 is the only event above M_S6.0 in this region since seismicity can be recorded.In this study,we relocated the Yingjiang M_S5.6 and M_S6.1 earthquake sequences by using the double-difference method.The results show that two main shocks are located in the east of the Kachang-Dazhuzhai Fault,the northern segment of the Sudian-Xima Fault.Compared with the Yingjiang M_S5.6 earthquake,the Yingjiang M_S6.1 earthquake is nearer to the Kachang-Dazhuzhai Fault.The aftershocks of the two earthquakes are distributed along the strike direction of the Kachang-Dazhuzhai Fault (NNE).The rupture zone of the main shock of Yingjiang M_S6.1 earthquake extends northward approximately 5km.The aftershocks of two earthquakes are mainly located in the eastern side of the Kachang-Dazhuzhai Fault with a significant asymmetry along the fault,which differ from the characteristics of the aftershock distribution of the strike-slip earthquake.It may indicate that the Yingjiang earthquakes are conjugate rupture earthquakes.The non-double-couple components are relatively high in the moment tensor.We speculate that the Yingjiang earthquakes are related to the fractured zone caused by the long-term seismic activity and heat effect in the deep between Kachang-Dazhuzhai Fault and its neighboring secondary faults.Aftershock distribution of the Yingjiang M_S6.1 earthquake on the southern area crosses a secondary fault on the right of the Kachang-Dazhuzhai Fault,suggesting that the coseismic rupture of the secondary fault may be triggered by the dynamic stress of the main shock.     

Can flat-ramp-flat fault geometry be inferred from fold shape?: A comparison of kinematic and mechanical folds

The inference of fault geometry from suprajacent fold shape relies on consistent and verified forward models of fault-cored folds, e.g. suites of models with differing fault boundary conditions demonstrate the range of possible folding. Results of kinematic (fault-parallel flow) and mechanical (boundary element method) models are compared to ascertain differences in the way the two methods simulate flexure associated with slip along flat-ramp-flat geometry. These differences are assessed by systematically altering fault parameters in each model and observing subsequent changes in the suprajacent fold shapes. Differences between the kinematic and mechanical fault-fold relationships highlight the differences between the methods. Additionally, a laboratory fold is simulated to determine which method might best predict fault parameters from fold shape. Although kinematic folds do not fully capture the three-dimensional nature of geologic folds, mechanical models have non-unique fold-fault relationships. Predicting fault geometry from fold shape is best accomplished by a combination of the two methods.     

阿拉善地块南缘的左旋走滑断裂与阿尔金断裂带的东延

阿拉善地块南缘发育了由5条走向近EW、向西收敛、向东撒开的断裂组成的断裂束,每条断裂长度一般>100km,控制第四纪盆地呈EW向长条状展布,卫片上线性影像清晰,晚第四纪以来表现出左旋走滑活动的特点。断裂束西段的金塔南山断裂与阿尔金断裂带东段的宽滩山段趋于交会,并与文殊山构造隆起之间构成构造转换关系。分析认为金塔南山断裂以及整个阿拉善南缘断裂束是阿尔金断裂左旋运动的东延部分,断裂束在平面上“帚状”的、向东撒开的构造样式有利于走滑运动量的分解、消减和吸收,符合走滑断裂末端的构造特点。阿拉善南缘断裂束的左旋走滑活动有可能是阿尔金断裂带进一步向东扩展的结果,其时代可能发生于早更新世末—中更新世初