江南造山带仙霞复式岩体的成因研究

仙霞复式岩体位于江南造山带东北部,是该区出露面积最大的复式岩体之一。本文在野外地质调查的基础上,对仙霞复式岩体不同期次岩浆岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学和全岩地球化学分析,结果显示该复式岩体侵位分为早、中、晚三阶段,岩性分别为二长花岗岩(143.0±3.5Ma)、花岗闪长岩(140.0±2.0Ma)和钾长花岗岩(138.6±3.5Ma),是江南造山带燕山期早期(146～135Ma)岩浆作用的产物。仙霞复式岩体三阶段岩浆岩均为高碱、弱过铝质岩石,具有相似的稀土元素配分模式,微量元素均呈Rb、Ba、U、K、Pb等大离子亲石元素(LILE)富集, Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE)亏损的特征,锆石εHf(t)同位素为负值(–15.54～–1.03)。综合分析显示,仙霞复式岩体的岩浆起源于下地壳物质为主的壳幔混合源区,在岩浆上升演化过程中经历了显著的结晶分异作用,形成于早白垩世(146～135 Ma)古太平洋板块向西俯冲的背景下。     

西准噶尔北部塔斯特岩体辉长岩锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

西准噶尔北部萨吾尔地区晚古生代火山岩浆作用强烈,其形成构造环境一直是争议的焦点。塔斯特岩体作为区内最重要的复式岩体,主要由辉长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩组成,对其中的辉长岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为345.3±2.3Ma（MSWD=1.8）,说明塔斯特岩体形成于早石炭世中期。岩石地球化学特征显示,样品里特曼指数δ平均值为3.04,A/CNK（0.76~0.85） < 1.1,属于准铝质钙碱性岩石,岩石富集大离子亲石元素,而高场强元素和重稀土元素相对亏损,无明显的Eu异常,与西准噶尔地区后碰撞花岗岩类地球化学特征相似。综合研究认为,该辉长岩形成于后碰撞构造环境,可能是后碰撞阶段挤压-伸展转变期的产物。塔斯特辉长岩年龄是目前西准噶尔地区最老的后碰撞岩浆岩锆石年龄,表明西准噶尔地区在早石炭世中期已处于后碰撞构造环境,为西准噶尔地区后碰撞构造-岩浆演化下限的厘定提供了新的证据。     

北淮阳东端牛王寨岩体年代学及地球化学研究:对大别造山带早白垩世深部地质过程的制约

牛王寨岩体位于大别造山带北部北淮阳构造带东端,岩性主要为花岗岩。LA-ICP MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,牛王寨花岗岩形成于(119.4±1.5) Ma,属于大别造山带早白垩世晚阶段岩浆活动的产物。牛王寨花岗岩具有高硅(SiO2含量为71.98％~77.96％)、高碱(全碱含量为7.66％~9.30％)、低钙(CaO含量为0.19％~0.68％)、高FeOT/MgO值(平均值为12.83)和10 000×Ga/Al值(2.63~2.82)的特点。岩石富集高场强元素,(Zr+Nb+Ce+Y)平均含量为294×10-6,富Rb、贫Ba和Sr,具有显著的Eu负异常,指示牛王寨花岗岩具有A型花岗的特点。牛王寨花岗岩87Sr/86Sr初始值为0.708 28~0.708 41,εNd(t)值为-18.77~-19.15,判断其源区物质可能为大别山中下地壳片麻岩。约130 Ma时,大别造山带加厚下地壳拆沉引发的软流圈上涌,为源区的部分熔融提供了热源。牛王寨岩体的形成受控于约130 Ma之后中国东部统一的伸展构造事件。     

招平断裂带中段深部结构构造——来自地震剖面的证据

玲珑花岗岩岩基东侧的招平断裂带是胶西北矿集区的主要控矿构造之一。布设于招平断裂带中段大尹格庄矿区的地震剖面,揭示了招平断裂带中段深部的结构构造特征,地震剖面显示,玲珑岩基内部有多个类似"拱弧构造"的岩浆侵入形成的弧形界面,由此推测存在2~3期的岩浆活动。剖面显示了3期构造组合样式,第1期为以招平断裂带和宋家河断裂为组合倾向SE的铲式断裂,底部似汇入统一的构造滑脱带;第2期为倾向NW的错断了招平断裂带的反倾伸展断裂;第3期为NE向延伸以花状构造为特征的走滑断裂。前两期反映构造发育处于伸展环境,第3期显示为左行走滑。招平断裂带深部延伸存在分支复合现象,形成由2个主裂面夹持的透镜状岩片。地震反射剖面数据的获得对深刻理解该区域中生代岩浆构造演化过程和深部找矿具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic characteristics of the Dehe biotite monzonitic gneiss pluton in the North Qinling orogen and their geological significance

The Dehe granitic pluton intruded the Xiahe Group which is in the core complex of the North Qinling Orogenic Belt(NQOB).It shows gneissic bedding and possesses typical S-type granite minerals such as muscovite and garnet.LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic dating of the Dehe granite yielded a weighted average age of 925±23 Ma which represents the emplacement age of the pluton.Most of the εHf(t) values are negative,and the two-stage model ages are consistent with the age of the Qinling Group.The isotope data show that the Dehe granite was formed in the following geological setting:in the syn-collision setting of the NQOB in the Neoproterozoic,crustal thickening induced partial melting of materials derived from the Qinling complex,and then the maga upwelled and intruded into the Xiahe Group.The formation of the Dehe S-type granite implied the occurrence of a convergent event in the QOB during the Neoproterozoic.     

柴达木盆地北缘全吉地块东端变基性岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄：中元古代陆块裂解的证据

全吉地块东端古元古代二长花岗片麻岩中普遍发育变质的基性岩体,它们的形成时代、变质作用时代和对地块基底构造演化的指示意义尚不清楚。应用LA-ICP-MS技术测定其中的一个变基性岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄,获得的10个测点数据显示,锆石受到热事件的强烈改造而发生严重铅丢失,但拟合的不一致线仍给出相关性较好的上交点年龄1712Ma±47Ma和下交点年龄472Ma±29Ma,MSWD=1.4。这表明,变质基性岩的原岩形成于中元古代早期,是全吉地块在古元古代末期汇入Columbia超大陆之后于中元古代早期初始裂解而侵位的基性岩体。这些基性岩体在早古生代卷入了柴北缘碰撞带而发生角闪岩相变质作用,并受到构造肢解。     

Chronology and petrogenesis of the Hejiazhuang granitoid pluton and its constraints on the Early Triassic tectonic evolution of the South Qinling Belt

The Hejiazhuang pluton is located in the South Qinling Tectonic Belt(SQTB)in the north side of the Mianxian-Lueyang Suture Zone,and consists dominantly of granodiorites.LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopic analyses reveal that these granodiorites of the Hejiazhaung pluton emplaced at~248 Ma,and show a large variation in zirconεHf(t)values from4.8 to 8.8.These granodiorite samples are attributed to high-K to mid-K calc-alkaline series,and characterized by high SiO2(66.6%–70.0%),Al2O3(15.04%–16.10%)and Na2O(3.74%–4.33%)concentrations,with high Mg#(54.2–61.7).All samples have high Sr(627–751 ppm),Cr(55–373 ppm)and Ni(17.2–182 ppm),but low Y(5.42–8.41 ppm)and Yb(0.59–0.74 ppm)concentrations with high Sr/Y ratios(84.90–120.66).They also display highly fractionated REE patterns with(La/Yb)N ratios of 18.9–34.0 and positive Eu anomalies(δEu=1.10–2.22)in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns.In the primitive mantle normalized spidergrams,these samples exhibit enrichment in LILEs but depletion in Nb,Ta,P and Ti.These geochemical features indicate that the granodioritic magma of the Hejiazhuang pluton was derived from the partial melting of hybrid sources comprising the subducted oceanic slab and sediments,and the melts were polluted by the mantle wedge materials during their ascent.The emplacement ages and petrogenesis of the Hejiazhuang pluton prove that the initial subduction of the Mianlue oceanic crust occurred at~248 Ma ago,and the SQTB was still under subduction tectonic setting in the Early Triassic.     

Magmatic structures in the Krkonoše–Jizera Plutonic Complex,Bohemian Massif: evidence for localized multiphase flow and small-scale thermal–mechanical instabilities in a granitic magma chamber

The present paper examines magmatic structures in the Jizera and Liberec granites of the Krkonoše–Jizera Plutonic Complex, Bohemian Massif. The magmatic structures are here interpreted to preserve direct field evidence for highly localized magma flow and other processes in crystal-rich mushes, and to capture the evolution of physical processes in an ancient granitic magma chamber. We propose that after chamber-wide mixing and hybridization, as suggested by recent petrological studies, laminar magma flow became highly localized to weaker channel-like domains within the higher-strength crystal framework. Mafic schlieren formed at flow rims, and their formation presumably involved gravitational settling and velocity gradient flow sorting coupled with interstitial melt escape. Local thermal or compositional convection may have resulted in the formation of vertical schlieren tubes and ladder dikes whereas subhorizontal tubes or channels formed during flow driven by lateral gradients in magma pressure. After the cessation or deceleration of channel flow, gravity-driven processes (settling of crystals and enclaves, gravitational differentiation, development of downward dripping instabilities), accompanied by compaction, filter pressing and melt segregation, dominated in the crystal mush within the flow channels. Subsequently, magmatic folds developed in schlieren layers and the magma chamber recorded complex, late magmatic strains at high magma crystallinities. Late-stage magma pulsing into localized submagmatic cracks represents the latest events of magmatic history of the chamber prior to its final crystallization. We emphasize that the most favorable environments for the formation and preservation of magmatic structures, such as those hosted in the Jizera and Liberec granites, are slowly cooling crystal-rich mushes. Therefore, where preserved in plutons, these structures may lend strong support for a “mush model” of magmatic systems.     

皖南谭山岩体的锆石定年及地质意义

皖南地区广泛分布燕山期岩浆岩,但其年代学方面的工作较为薄弱。为厘定该地区燕山期岩浆岩年代学格架,本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法对皖南谭山岩体的正长花岗岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学研究,两个样品的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为128．5±1．7Ma和128．3±1．5Ma,基本一致,为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。结合本地区高精度年代学数据,皖南地区中生代岩浆岩可划分为三个峰期：第一峰期为142～139Ma;第二峰期为133～130Ma;第三峰期为128～125Ma。     

浙江外北山铝质A1型花岗岩成因：矿物学、年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素制约

外北山碱长花岗岩主要由条纹长石、更钠长石、石英和少量铁质黑云母组成,发育晶洞构造,晶洞由石英晶簇、钾长石充填。在岩石化学上,岩石富SiO2、K2O、FeO、F,贫Al_2O_3、MgO、CaO、P_2O_5;稀土元素组成上,富集REE(ΣREE变化范围为107.4×10~(-6)~330.71×10~(-6)),轻稀土分馏程度明显强于重稀土分馏,Eu负异常明显,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线呈现"W"型四分组效应;微量元素上,富Rb、Th、Cs、U、Nb,贫Sr、Ba、P、Eu和Ti,显示出典型的铝质A型花岗岩特征。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年表明,该岩体形成时代为96.2±0.8Ma。与东南沿海其它晚中生代A型花岗岩体相比,外北山碱长花岗岩具有明显偏高的Nb/Ta和较低的Y/Nb比值,属A1型花岗岩。综合分析表明,晚白垩世早期东南沿海岩石圈强烈伸展及多组断裂活化,引发铁镁质下地壳在高温低压贫水的条件下部分熔融产生花岗质岩浆,并在结晶分异过程中受到富F流体的交代作用,形成外北山富Nb的铝质A型花岗岩。