滇西北香格里拉地区钨矿成矿规律及找矿方向

滇西北香格里拉地区已成为我国重要的铜钼资源勘查开发基地,区内的燕山期岩浆岩带呈南北向纵跨义敦岛弧、甘孜-理塘结合带及扬子西缘坳陷带,并伴随着钨钼多金属矿化,形成了休瓦促、麻花坪等大中型钨多金属矿床.区内的钨矿床与花岗岩有直接成因和空间联系,具有剩余重力低异常、弱正磁异常、钨锡钼铋组合异常及钨锡自然重砂异常特征.本文通过...     

老挝西北部沙耶武里地区闪长岩锆石U-Pb年代学与地球化学特征

老挝沙耶武里地区发育一套二叠纪-三叠纪岩浆岩,主要岩性为玄武岩、安山岩、流纹岩和花岗岩、二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩和闪长岩。本文报道了老挝西北部沙耶武里地区闪长岩样品LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为253.5±1.5Ma（MSWD=1.18）,属早三叠世。该岩体明显富集K、Rb、Ba、Sr、Th、U等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土微量元素（LREE）,Nb、Ta、Ni等高场强元素相对亏损,Nb/Ta、Th/Yb、（Th/Nb）N和Nb/La比值表明岩石成因具壳幔混合特征;结合区域地质构造演化过程综合分析得出该岩体形成的大地构造背景为古特提斯洋洋壳俯冲-岛弧环境。     

新疆阿克苏寒武系吾松格尔组造迹行为的单调性

除某些蓝细菌之外,绝大多数白云岩中很难出现底栖后生动物化石。位于塔里木板块北部新疆阿克苏地区肖尔布拉克剖面的寒武系第二统吾松格尔组岩性以白云岩为主夹少量灰岩,属广阔浅潮汐带大面积强蒸发高盐度云坪环境而不利于底栖和游泳的后生动物群生存。本文首次报导该层位中一个低分异度的遗迹类群,它们均产出于薄层泥晶灰岩,鉴定遗迹属包括：Chondrites,Helminthopsis,Skolithos,Stelloglyphu,Taenidium,Thalassinoides,其形态均为小型简单的动物潜穴,属于古生代浅海地层中的常见分子;薄层灰岩中还见少量三叶虫和密集产出软舌螺。吾松格尔组白云岩沉积期海水高盐度环境在很大程度上不但抑制实体化石保存的底栖型和游泳型后生动物,也同样抑制没有实体化石保存的后生动物型遗迹造主栖居,遗迹化石的造主和带壳后生动物只能在正常盐度和动荡环境的薄层灰岩沉积期短暂迁移到此。本实例从环境角度诠释生物进化的制约机制,云坪不是后生动物的理想生态条件,这在寒武纪早期生命大爆发过程中就已经显现出来。     

The Strandja Massif and the İstanbul Zone were once parts of the same palaeotectonic unit: new data from Triassic detrital zircons

Spatially continuous rock assemblages that share similar environmental evolution or structural features can be classified as a single tectonic unit. This approach enables to link dispersed units or massifs with each other and sometimes can be subjective, depending on the classification criteria. The relationship and the nature of the contact between the Strandja Massif and the ?stanbul Zone have been controversial due to the Cainozoic cover. Amalgamation of these units was claimed as early as the Aptian-Albian.

Lower Triassic sedimentary rocks, which are overlain by the Carboniferous flysch with a N-verging thrust fault are exposed NW of the ?stanbul Zone. This study reveals the spatial relationship between the Strandja Massif and the ?stanbul Zone deduced from the U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopes of the detrital zircons from these Lower Triassic clastics. Our results show that the early Triassic basin was fed from a provenance that included arc-related Upper Carboniferous-Lower Permian magmatic rocks which is much more likely to be the Strandja Massif than the ?stanbul Zone. The second outcome of this study is that a unit that previously assigned to Palaeozoic turned out to be Triassic, which brings the Strandja Massif farther to the east, into the northern ?stanbul Zone.     

Nature and significance of the West Baram and Tinjar Lines,NW Borneo

A key consideration in tectonic models for SE Asia and opening of the South China Sea is the role that the West Baram and Tinjar Lines of NW Borneo may have played in accommodating the motion of crustal blocks displaced from Asia following India's collision. There are few studies that focus on these “lines”. Using onshore geological studies and offshore seismic data to address the origin and tectonic significance of these, this paper concludes that rather than a major transform boundary between Luconia and the Dangerous Grounds, the West Baram Line marks the boundary between domains of continental crust that underwent differential extension in the Eocene. The Baram Basin is underlain by hyperextended continental crust on the NE side of the Baram Line. The strong contrast in the geological features across the Tinjar and West Baram Lines likely reflects ancient differences in crustal rheology with Luconia being the more rigid block. Although lack of significant strike slip faulting along the West Baram Line poses problems for tectonic models in which a wide proto-South China Sea is subducted beneath NW Borneo, intra-plate deformation, such as partial inversion of the Dangerous Grounds rift, offers a potential mechanism to mass balance blocks displaced from Asia with the reduced strike slip motion along the West Baram Line.     

Geographical variation in metazoan parasites of the deep-sea fish Bathypterois mediterraneus Bauchot, 1962 (Osteichthyes: Ipnopidae) from the Western Mediterranean

This study examines the parasite fauna of Bathypterois mediterraneus, the most common fish below 1500 m in Western Mediterranean waters. Samples were obtained during July 2010 from the continental slope of two different areas (off Catalonia and Balearic Islands) in three different bathymetric strata at depths between 1000 and 2200 m. The parasite fauna of B. mediterraneus included a narrow range of species: Steringophorus cf. dorsolineatum, Scolex pleuronectis, Hysterothylacium aduncum, Anisakis sp. larva 3 type II and Sarcotretes sp. Steringophorus cf. dorsolineatum and H. aduncum were the most predominant parasites. H. aduncum showed significant differences in abundance between depths of 2000–2200 m with 1000–1400 m and 1400–2000 m, irrespective of locality, whereas S. cf. dorsolineatum showed significant differences between the two localities at all depths except for 2000–2200 m. We suggest the possible usefulness of these two parasites as geographical indicators for discriminating discrete stocks of B. mediterraneus in Western Mediterranean waters.     

Osmium isotope and highly siderophile element geochemistry of mantle xenoliths from NW Turkey: implications for melt depletion and metasomatic history of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle

Ultramafic xenoliths entrained in the late Miocene alkali basalts and basanites from NW Turkey include refractory spinel-harzburgites and dunites accompanied by subordinate spinel-lherzolites. Whole-rock major and trace element characteristics indicate that the xenoliths are mostly the solid residues of varying degrees of partial melting (～4–～15%), but some have geochemical signatures reflecting the processes of melt/rock interaction. Mantle-normalized trace element patterns for the peridotites vary from LREE-depleted to strongly LREE-enriched, reflecting multistage mantle processes from simple melt extraction to metasomatic enrichment. Rhenium and platinum group element (PGE) abundances and ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os systematics of peridotites were examined in order to identify the nature of the mantle source and the processes effective during variable stages of melt extraction within the sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). The peridotites are characterized by chondritic Os/Ir and Pt/Ir ratios and slightly supra-chondritic Pd/Ir and Rh/Ir ratios, representing a mantle region similar in composition to the primitive mantle (PM). Moderate enrichment in PPGE (Pd–Pt–Rh)/IPGE (Ir–Os–Ru) ratios with respect to the PM composition in the metasomatized samples, however, reflects compositional modification by sulphide addition during possible post-melting processes. The ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratios of the peridotites range from 0.11801 to 0.12657. Highly unradiogenic Os isotope compositions (γOs at 10 Ma from –7.0 to –3.2) in the chemically undisturbed mantle residues are accompanied by depletion in Re/Os ratios, suggesting long-term differentiation of SCLM by continuous melt extraction. For the metasomatized peridotites, however, systematic enrichments in PPGE and Re abundances, and the observed positive covariance between ¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os and γOs can most likely be explained by interaction of solid residues with basaltic melts produced by melting of relatively more radiogenic components in the mantle. Significantly, the wide range of ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratios characterizing the entire xenolith suite seems to be consistent with multistage evolution of SCLM and suggests that parts of the lithospheric mantle contain materials that have experienced ancient melt removal (～1.3 Ga) which created time-integrated depletion in Re/Os ratios; in contrast, some other parts display evidence indicative of recent perturbation in the Re–Os system by sulphide addition during interaction with metasomatizing melts.     

Solar and proxy-sensitivity imprints on paleohydrological records for the last millennium in west-central Europe

This paper presents a lake-level record established for the last millennium at Lake Saint-Point in the French Jura Mountains. A comparison of this lake-level record with a solar irradiance record supports the hypothesis of a solar forcing of variations in the hydrological cycle linked to climatic oscillations over the last millennium in west-central Europe, with higher lake levels during the solar minimums of Oort (around AD 1060), Wolf (around AD 1320), Spörer (around AD 1450), Maunder (around AD 1690), and Dalton (around AD 1820). Further comparisons of the Saint-Point record with the fluctuations of the Great Aletsch Glacier (Swiss Alps) and a record of Rhône River floods from Lake Bourget (French Alps) give evidence of possible imprints of proxy sensitivity on reconstructed paleohydrological records. In particular, the Great Aletsch record shows an increasing glacier mass from AD 1350 to 1850, suggesting a cumulative effect of the Little Ice Age cooling and/or a possible reflection of a millennial-scale general cooling until the mid-19th century in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, the Saint-Point and Bourget records show a general trend toward a decrease in lake levels and in flood magnitude anti-correlated with generally increasing solar irradiance.     

应用高分辨率质谱分析苏丹高酸值原油成因

苏丹Muglad和Melut盆地是苏丹乃至整个中、西非剪切带最富含油气的盆地,所发现的原油主要为中质油(重度为20°～34°API),其次为重质油(重度小于20°API),普遍高含沥青质、高含蜡、高酸值、低含硫。为了探讨高酸值原油的成因,选择了苏丹地区18个不同酸值的原油样品,尝试高分辨率质谱分析上述原油有机酸的组成。结果表明,高酸值原油的有机酸主要由环烷酸组成;环烷酸的平均相对分子质量随降解作用程度增加而增大,分子碳原子数分布范围变宽;环烷酸以一环、二环、三环环烷酸为主。生物降解作用是形成高酸值原油的主要原因。     

“倾斜”高空急流轴在大暴雨过程中的作用

从理论分析和实例计算两方面探讨了高空急流轴的倾斜对急流出口处右侧辐散场形成的作用，理论分析和实例计算表明，一旦高空轴流轴发生倾斜，则由于其出口处长平风场的分布不均匀势必会在“倾斜”急流轴出口处的右侧出现强的辐散场，实例计算也表明，高空急流轴倾斜以及急流出口处右侧强辐散场的出现明显早于大暴雨的产生，因此，高空急流轴走向的变化对于预暴雨的发生发展具有很好的指示意义。