井眼彩色电视在盐井检测中的应用

简要介绍了井中彩色电视测量的2种方法;重点阐述了全景彩色电视测井在盐井检测中的主要应用以及应用效果分析, 认为井眼全景彩色电视测井能够直观地反应套管腐蚀、堵塞、套管错位等套管的真实情况, 为盐井的检修提供了有力的依据。     

碱性玄武岩中长石巨晶的结构水：红外光谱和核磁共振谱研究

运用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术（ＦＴＩＲ,红外区和近红外区）和质子魔角旋转核磁共振技术（＾１ＨＭＡＳＮＭＲ）对来自安徽女山,江苏盘石山和河北汉诺坝新生代大恶性玄武岩中的４个歪长石巨晶进行了观察,结果显示,这些巨晶含有结构水,主要以Ｈ２Ｏ的形式存在,其中３个样品的结构水含量（Ｈ２Ｏ）分别为４０５μｇ／ｇ,９１５μｇ／ｇ,μｇ／ｇ。这些数据和文献中已有的资源表明,名义上无水的长石族矿物可以是地球上的水储库     

核磁共振找水方法的现状和发展趋势

简要介绍了利用核磁共振（ｎｕｃｌｅａｒ ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃ ｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅ,缩写为ＮＭＲ）技术找水方法的发展状况、原理和方法特点,重点介绍了中国地质大学（武汉）ＮＭＲ科研组,利用ＮＭＲ找水方法在中国一些地区找水取得的成效,最后指出了ＮＭＲ找水方法的发展趋势。     

地面核磁共振正则化反演方法研究

不同的模型约束对基于正则化反演技术的地面核磁共振测深数据反演影响很大。利用理论数据讨论了平坦模型和光滑模型约束及与之相关的正则化参数对反演结果的影响规律。模拟表明,无论是高信噪比数据,还是低信噪比数据,反演的含水量在小正则化参数时,对模型约束的依赖性不大,主要受正则化参数影响。大正则化参数时反演分辨率低,而小正则化参数在保证数据拟合精度提高的同时,增加了模型的分辨率,能获得更可靠的含水量分布。     

An algorithm for multi-exponential inversion of T2 spectrum in nuclear magnetic resonance

NMR logging can provide the permeability parameter and abundant stratigraphical information such as total porosity,oil,gas and water saturation,oil viscosity,etc. And these physical parameters can be obtained by T2 spectrum inversion. NMR inversion is an important part in logging interpretation. The authors describe a multi-exponential inversion algorithm,solid iteration redress technique（ SIRT）,and apply the algorithm in real data and compare the results with those based on singular value decomposition（ SVD）. It shows that SIRT algorithm is easier to be understood and implemented,and the time spent in SIRT is much shorter than that of SVD algorithm. And the non-negative property of T2 spectrum is much easier to be implemented. It can match the results based on SVD very well. SIRT algorithm can be used in T2 spectrum inversion for NMR analysis.     

Identification of fucans from four species of sea cucumber by high temperature 1H NMR

Acidic polysaccharide, which has various biological activities, is one of the most important components of sea cucumber. In the present study, crude polysaccharide was extracted from four species of sea cucumber from three different geographical zones, Pearsonothuria graeffei (Pg) from Indo-Pacific, Holothuria vagabunda (Hv) from Norwegian Coast, Stichopus tremulu (St) from Western Indian Ocean, and Isostichopus badionotu (Ib) from Western Atlantic. The polysaccharide extract was separated and purified with a cellulose DEAE anion-exchange column to obtain corresponding sea cucumber fucans (SC-Fucs). The chemical property of these SC-Fucs, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and sulfate content, was determined. Their structure was compared simply with fourier infrared spectrum analyzer and identified with high temperature ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum analyzer (NMR) and room temperature ¹³C NMR. The results indicated that Fuc-Pg obtained from the torrid zone mainly contained 2,4-O-disulfated and non-sulfated fucose residue, whereas Fuc-Ib from the temperate zone contained non-, 2-O- and 2,4-O-disulfated fucose residue; Fuc-St from the frigid zone and Fuc-Hv from the torrid zone contained mainly non-sulfated fucose residue. The proton of SC-Fucs was better resolved via high temperature ¹H NMR than via room temperature ¹H NMR. The fingerprint of sea cucumber in different sea regions was established based on the index of anomer hydrogen signal in SC-Fucs. Further work will help to understand whether there exists a close relationship between the geographical area of sea cucumber and the sulfation pattern of SC-Fucs.     

Modeling rock permeability from NMR relaxation data by PLS regression

This study explores the application of the partial least squares regression (PLSR) technique to rock permeability prediction from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation data. A total of 68 Brazilian sandstone cores selected from reservoirs and outcrop analogs were fully saturated and analyzed by NMR. The permeability of the cores ranged from 0.007 to 9,800 mD. From their ¹H transverse relaxation times (T₂) measured at 2 MHz, two PLSR models were developed for the relaxation spectra and the raw relaxation curves. Both models led to more uniform and accurate predictions (RMSE = 0.47 and 0.50 log mD, respectively) compared with the classical Kenyon model (RMSE = 0.78 log mD).     

地层渗透率与水合物含量关系的模拟研究(英文)

本文通过人工变换T2分布和建立管-球模型模拟法研究含水合物地层渗透率与水合物含量之间的关系。首先,在渗透率的模拟试验中,我们改变了束缚水与可动水的比例、总孔隙度以及与之关联的T2分布。试验结果表明,相对渗透率与水合物含量之间的关系受到这些因素的制约。随后,我们用管-球模型表示水合物生长的孔隙空间,并把水合物的生长过程看成是向孔隙空间随机扔小球的过程。在此过程中,采用两种方法计算渗透率,一是Schlumberger’sT2公式(即SDR模型),二是Darcy定律与Poiseuille流动方程相结合的方法。前人的实验研究表明,在一定的水合物含量范围内,渗透率基本保持不变。以此为参考,我们将计算结果与之进行比较。我们发现,采用SDR模型时,渗透率的数值模拟曲线与Masuda模型N=15时的结果相近。而采用Darcy定律时,渗透率模拟值较高,但与实验结果的趋势相一致,都会出现渗透率的平直阶段。尤其,当水合物晶体在孔隙体内优先生成时,优先的概率越高,渗透率的平直范围越大。     

Assessment of Clam Ruditapes philippinarum as Heavy Metal Bioindicators Using NMR‐Based Metabolomics

There are mainly distributed three pedigrees (White, Liangdao Red, and Zebra) of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum in Yantai population along the Bohai marine and coast. However, the biological differences to environmental stressors have been ignored in toxicology studies, which could lead to the distortion of biological interpretations of toxicological effects induced by environmental contaminants. In this study, we applied a system biology approach, metabolomics to compare the metabolic profiles in digestive gland from three pedigrees of clam and characterize and compare the metabolic responses induced by mercury in clam digestive gland tissues to determine a sensitive pedigree of clam as a preferable bioindicator for metal pollution monitoring and toxicology research. The most abundant metabolites, respectively, included branched‐chain amino acids, alanine, and arginine in White samples, glutamate, dimethylglycine, and glycine in Zebra clams and acetylcholine, betaine, glucose, and glycogen in Liangdao Red clams. After 48 h exposure of 20 µg L^?1 Hg²⁺, the metabolic profiles from the three pedigrees of clams showed differentially significant changes in alanine, glutamate, succinate, taurine, hypotaurine, glycine, arginine, glucose, etc. Our findings indicate the toxicological effects of mercury exposure in Manila clams including the neurotoxicity, disturbances in energetic metabolisms and osmoregulation in the digestive glands and suggest that Liangdao Red pedigree of clam could be a preferable bioindicator for the metal pollution monitoring based on the more sensitive classes of metabolic changes from digestive glands compared with other two (White and Zebra) pedigrees of clams.