Hydrothermal Gold Mineralization at the Rodnikovoe Deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia

Abstract. The Rodnikovoe gold deposit situated in a presently active hydrothermal system located north of the Mutnovsko-Asachinskaya geothermal area in southern Kamchatka, Far Eastern Russia, consists of typical low-sulfidation quartz-adularia veins in a host rock of diorite. The age of the mineralization was dated by the K-Ar method as 0.9 to 1.1 Ma based on adular-ia collected from the veins. Representative ore minerals in the deposit are electrum, argentite, aguilarite, polybasite, pearceite and lenaite. Dominant alteration minerals are adularia, α-cristobalite, chlorite, illite and kaolinite. Hydrothermal solutions of neutral pH were responsible for the mineralization, which is divided into six stages defined by tectonic boundaries. Gold mineralization occurred in stages I and III. Hydrothermal brecciation occurred during stages III, IV and VI. Stages II, IV, V and VI were barren. The estimated ore formation temperature based on a fluid inclusion study is 150 to 250 °C at a depth of approximately 170 m below the paleo-water table. Boiling of hydrothermal fluids is hypothesized as the cause of the intermittent deposition of gold ore. The sulfur and oxygen fugacities during the deposition of anhydrite prior to the hydrothermal brecciation were higher than those during the gold mineralization stages. The occurrence in the hydrothermal breccia of fragments of high grade Au-Ag and polymetallic ores suggests that higher grade mineralization of these metal ores might have occurred in a deeper portion of the deposit.     

The Hydrothermal Na-Ca Alteration at the Marginal Part 0f the Florina Granite and the Associated Magnetite-Hematite Bands With Thorium and Uranium Mineralization

The Oxia mineralized granite is the product of differentiation in the external parts of the Florina magmatic mass. Acidic hydrothermal solutions either of magmatic or of meteoric origin reacted with the upper tectonically fractured parts of the Florina granite and became enriched in iron, thorium, uranium, zircon and rare-earth elements. The most abundant alteration minerals are sericite and quartz, while the minerals of the mineralization bands include magnetite, hematite, thorite, monazite and zircon. The outer parts of the Oxia granite made it easy the percolation of hydrothermal solutions from the deeper heater to the upper cooler parts of the granite which acted as a hot spot.     

吉南地区斑岩—热液脉型金多金属矿床成矿模式

通过对四个典型矿床（二密，西岔－金厂沟，正岔，荒沟山）的地质，地球化学等综合信息对比，发现它们在形成时间－空间－成因上既相互联系，又相互区别，共同构成斑岩－热液成矿系统。该系统包括“三大”成矿体系，即：幔源岩浆体系，深穿透断裂构造体系，含矿气液流体体系。其中，二密铜矿产于中生代塌陷式火山机构内的斑岩体内外接触带，为斑岩型矿床，西岔－金厂沟金矿产于深穿透性构造控制的斑岩体边部，属斑岩－热液脉型金矿，正岔铅锌矿产于中生代斑岩体与早元古宙地层的外接触带，属热液矽卡岩型多金属矿，而荒沟山金矿则受控于北东向鸭绿江断裂体系与中生代斑岩共存的构造带中，属热液脉型金矿，在区域成矿上构成斑岩型，斑岩－浅成热液脉型和浅成热液脉型多金属成矿模式。     

相山盆地基底形态及其与铀矿化的关系探讨

通过对相山盆地大比例尺重力资料的正反演计算，对相山盆地基底埋深进行了定量分析，探讨了相山盆地基底的起伏形态与铀矿化关系，认为相山盆地基底形态间的差异，是造成区内铀矿化分布不均匀的主要原因，基底隆起区边缘附近或基底形态变异部位是铀矿化的有利部位，这对指导相山的攻深找盲工作有重要意义。     

盆地流体动力学演化及其成矿效应——以广东富湾-长坑银金矿床为例

文章以广东富湾－长坑层控银金矿床为实例，基于各阶段盆地中温度场，压力场和流动场的动力学演化过程与成矿效应的研究，发现盆地流体转变为成矿流体具有漫长的演化与更迭历程；构造演化和盆地的沉积充填特征，不仅直接影响着流体在盆地中的流动样式，而且直接影响着成矿物质空间存在形式的变化以及“流体－岩石”体系中各要素间的再分配。流体的大规模活动及大型矿床的形成与大幅度的构造运动，沉积作用，岩浆活动，火山活动等宏观地球动力作用有关，盆地边缘沟通深部的垂向断裂与浅部不整合面－侧向断裂交汇地段是成矿物质堆积的最佳场所。     

论有机质与金属成矿和勘查

有机质与金属成矿是一个处于初级研究阶段的地球化学领域。本文对其研究历史进行了回顾，指出了有机质在金属成矿中的主要作用以及有机烃气测量在金属矿产勘查中的初步应用成果。认为该领域的深入研究，可促进成矿作用、成矿过程、成矿规律、气体运移规律和成矿预测的全面认识，对有机地球化学和无机地球化学、固体地球化学与气体地球化学、勘查地球化学与矿床学等不同学科之间的连接和相互渗透将起重要的纽带作用。     

凹凸石粘土与玄武岩的成因关系

在矿物组成研究的基础上，对比研究了凹凸棒石，蒙脱石，凹凸棒石粘土，蒙脱石粘土，玄武岩，风化玄武岩的化学组成。根据化学成分对比，分析了玄武岩与凹凸棒石粘土的成因关系，解释了玄武岩对凹凸棒石粘土的时空控制，结合地质观测，提出形成苏皖地区凹凸棒石粘土的物质成分基本上来源于玄岩的化学风化，但物质成分发生了较大的分异，凹凸棒石粘土不能直接同玄武岩经地表雨水的风化淋滤形成，而是玄武岩风化形成的蒙脱石经搬运沉积，再与镁质溶液反应形成，或凹凸棒石直接从富镁碱性溶液中结晶形成，凹凸棒石粘土形成的物理化学条件为偏碱性的还原条件。     

川西北壤塘金成矿带中、基性岩脉及其与金成矿作用的关系

在对川西北壤塘金成矿带内中－基性岩脉（闪长岩、闪长玢岩、煌斑岩）时空分布及岩相学特征调查的基础上，结合典型矿床成矿地质条件、成矿规律的研究，表明壤塘金成矿带内的中－基性岩脉与金成矿作用在时间、空间及成因上具有十分密切的关系，中－基性岩脉为金成矿作用提供了成矿物质及赋矿空间。     

准噶尔盆地北部古近系挤压推覆构造与沉积耦合分析

通过对准噶尔盆地北部古近系沉积充填特征及古近纪-新近纪挤压推覆构造的分析，初步确定了准噶尔盆地北缘同沉积挤压推覆作用下构造与沉积的联系，讨论了的挤压背景下后生轴成矿的问题，并试图确定古近系沉积和准噶尔盆地北缘逆冲挤压断裂带的时空对应关系。     

西昆仑南带斜长角闪岩中方柱石的形成与流体挥发分的作用

对西昆仑南带变基性岩矿物组合及矿物成分变化的研究结果表明，挥发分的种类和含量直接影响到变基性岩矿物组合和矿物成分，如角闪石、黑云母、方柱石、磷灰石和榍石；方柱石并非如有人总结的那洋没有出溶现象，实际上其自身亦可沿{100}析离出黄铁矿晶体，所含硫的赋存状态很可能是S^2-，而不是SO4^2-；方柱石是早期（高温）变质过程中部分挥发分（如Cl、CO3^2-、S^2-）的存储器，晚期剪切变形降温和/或降压时挥发分释出，伴随的流体作用可形成金属硫化物，并可能导致矿化。