插值算子H_（nr）（f，z）的一致逼近阶

本文分别对ｎ次单位根和Ｆｅｊｅｒ点引进一种有理型插值算子Ｈｎｒ（ｆ，ｚ）（ｒ≥１），然后给出该算子关于ｆ（ｚ）的一致逼近阶。     

Developments in a non-destructive method of determining rock strength

Material strength is an important variable for any study of the relationships between rock mass geomechanical characteristics and landform development. Standard field and laboratory tests for measuring strength present a variety of problems to the geomorphologist. Recent studies (Allison, 1988) have described a laboratory based non-destructive method for indirectly determining material strength, by measuring Dynamic Young's Modulus. Data presented here suggest that the same apparatus can be used as a field technique. Tests have been conducted on the Devonian limestone of the Napier Range, Western Australia. Laboratory results obtained using the non-destructive ultrasonic apparatus have a high correlation with triaxial Hoek Cell tests. Results from on-site tests have much greater accuracy than data collected using the Schmidt hammer, which is currently the most widely used geomorphological field technique for determining rock strength.     

A non-destructive method of determining rock strength

Rock material strength is an important component of many geomorphological studies. Current methods for determining this parameter result in sample destruction, preventing further analysis. A new non-destructive technique is described for indirectly determining material strength, by measuring Dynamic Young's Modulus. Tests have been conducted on Jurassic Portland Limestone and Upper Cretaceous Chalk to assess the apparatus. Young's Modulus is becoming an increasingly important rock material property.     

基于小波变换的图像边缘提取算法

在给出边缘检测性能判断标准和传统的模极大值点筛选的缺陷之后,基于边缘检测提出了改进的小波变换模局部极大值点算法。在这个基础之上,又针对交通系统的实时性,提出了一种改进的边缘信息的车辆检测算法,使得对运动车辆的边缘检测具有更加良好的效果。最后通过仿真实验,证明本论文提出方法的有效性,得到了多帧道路图像的边缘,较好地解决了传统边缘检测方法在边缘检测时会出现伪边缘和有意义边缘损失这两个问题,对将来车辆交通监控系统等方面的研究起到了一定的帮助作用。     

Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation maxima during 1960–2005 in the Yangtze River basin and possible association with large-scale circulation

This study investigated spatial and temporal patterns of trends of the precipitation maxima (defined as the annual/seasonal maximum precipitation) in the Yangtze River basin for 1960–2005 using Mann–Kendall trend test, and explored association of changing patterns of the precipitation maxima with large-scale circulation using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. The research results indicate changes of precipitation maxima from relative stable patterns to the significant increasing/decreasing trend in the middle 1970s. With respect to annual variability, the rainy days are decreasing and precipitation intensity is increasing, and significant increasing trend of precipitation intensity was detected in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin. Number of rain days with daily precipitation exceeding 95th and 99th percentiles and related precipitation intensities are in increasing tendency in summer. Large-scale atmospheric circulation analysis indicates decreasing strength of East Asian summer monsoon during 1975–2005 as compared to that during 1961–1974 and increasing geopotential height in the north China, South China Sea and west Pacific regions, all of which combine to negatively impact the northward propagation of the vapor flux. This circulation pattern will be beneficial for the longer stay of the Meiyu front in the Yangtze River basin, leading to more precipitation in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin in summer months. The significant increasing summer precipitation intensity and changing frequency in the rain/no-rain days in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin have potential to result in higher occurrence probability of flood and drought hazards in the region.     

热带海洋珍珠贝类立克次体病研究 Ⅳ.组织细胞病理学研究

类立克次体（RLO）对大珠母贝和合浦珠母贝具有强烈的致病性,引起基本一致的病理变化．在急性坏死破坏期内,RLO导致外套膜、鳃、消化管、肝胰腺、生殖腺腺管及全身血管内皮系统等多器官组织的变性坏死,使器官组织结构的完整性遭到破坏,破坏程度与RLO包涵体的数目密切相关,而细胞的破坏与细胞内RLO的生长发育及繁殖到大量数目密切相关．鉴于此,将RLO引起的珍珠贝病称为类立克次体病（RLO病）．RLO病呈急性变质性炎症和慢性增生性炎症病理,在前者细胞呈现崩解性坏死、溶解性坏死和退变性坏死;在后者存在实质细胞增生和纤维母细胞增生为纤维细胞并形成纤维化．根据炎症病理的发展过程,RLO病可分为急性坏死破坏期和慢性增生修复期．     

三十烷醇对极大螺旋藻生物量及生化组成的影响

在Zarrouk液体培养基中加入1g/m3液体三十烷醇(LTA),极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maxima)的生物量增加了24.6%~25.7%,即使在碳源NaHCO₃减半(实验组2)的条件下生物量仍增加了4.43%~4.92%;碳水化合物含量增加了11.9%~16.0%,在实验组2条件下也增加5.7%~8.3%;叶绿素增加率为45.8%~63.3%;蛋白质总量基本不变,但水溶性蛋白的含量明显增加,从对照组的36%增长至实验组的60%左右,而水不溶性蛋白的含量则明显从30%左右减至10%左右.从螺旋藻生产基地的中试培养结果看,加入1g/m3液体三十烷醇,生物量提高了39.76%,比在实验室条件下获得更好的增产效果,但加入固体三十烷醇(STA)反而减少12%.以上结果表明,在极大螺旋藻培养基中添加液体三十烷醇可大幅度提高生物量和生化组成的含量.     

海浪波面极大值分布的非线性影响

依非线性海浪模型,在二阶近似下,利用特征函数展开技术和直接求矩的方法,导出了定点波面位移及其对时间的一阶和二阶导数的联合分布。由此联合分布,导出了二阶非线性近似下的波面极大值分布。它由线性意义下的海浪频谱及所考虑的二阶级。波相互作用所确定。当忽略非线性影响时,文中给出的波面极大值分布退化为Cartwright和Longuet-Higgins所导出的分布。     

环境条件对极大螺旋藻金属元素吸收的影响

研究卫不同微量元素浓度和不同ＥＤＴＡ加入量对极大螺旋藻金属元素吸收的影响。结果显示,增加培养基中的微量元素含量有利于藻细胞对金属元素的吸收。少量ＥＤＴＡ的加入,有助于部分金属元素的吸收,较大量的ＥＤＴＡ可阻碍金属元素的吸收。藻细胞的吸附实验表明,极大螺旋藻对Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ有很强的吸附能力,死细胞与活细胞的吸附能力相近,表明这一吸附过程不依赖于生理活动。     

基于贝叶斯理论的叠前多波联合反演弹性模量方法

AVO反演可以获得地层岩性和流体信息,而叠前反演问题都是高维的和非适定的,因此获得可靠稳定的解对叠前反演至关重要. 本文给出了一种基于贝叶斯理论的纵波和转换波联合反演密度比和模量比的方法. 鉴于剪切模量比、体积模量比可以更好地指示油气,基于岩石物理中速度比与模量比之间的关系,将此关系式代入Zoeppritz方程的近似形式Aki-Richards公式中,得到与模量比有关的反射系数近似公式. 联合纵波和转换波,利用最小二乘准则构建目标函数,最终反演出密度比、剪切模量比、体积模量比三个参数. 在反演过程中引入贝叶斯理论,假定先验信息服从高斯分布,待求参数服从改进的Cauchy分布,并去除待求参数之间的相关性. 利用模型数据和实际数据对本文方法进行测试,并与常规的单独利用纵波数据来反演方法进行比较,结果表明联合反演稳定性更好、精度更高、抗噪音能力更强,验证了本文方法的可行性和有效性.