基于投影法和数学形态学的车牌定位算法

车牌定位是车牌识别系统中的关键技术之一,车牌定位的质量直接影响着后续字符识别的结果。本文提出了一种结合投影法和形态学的车牌定位算法,首先对图像进行预处理,接着利用水平投影算法确定车牌的上下边界,然后利用形态学方法迭代确定车牌的左右边界．最后进行精定位。实验表明,该方法具有较高的定位精度。     

数码相机的畸变差检测研究

提出了一种检测面阵CCD数码相机畸变差的方法。首先利用标准三维检校场测定面阵CCD数码相 机的内方位元素和系统畸变系数,然后依据投影几何中空间直线经中心投影变换后仍是直线的原理,提出了 对面阵CCD数码相机随机畸变的检测和改正方法。利用该方法对UAVRS Ⅱ系统中的面阵数码相机的畸变 进行了检校,获取了满意的结果。     

Change detection of linear features in temporally spaced remotely sensed images using edge-based grid analysis

Automatic change detection of land cover features using high-resolution satellite images, is a challenging problem in the field of intelligent remote sensing data interpretation, and is becoming more and more effective for its applications viz. urban planning and monitoring, disaster assessment etc. In the present study, a change in detection approach based on the image morphology that analyses change in the local image grids is proposed. In this approach, edges from both the images are extracted and grid wise comparison is made by probabilistic thresholding and power spectral density analysis for identifying change area. One of the advantages of the proposed methodology is that the temporal images used in the change analysis need not be radiometrically corrected as analysis is based on edge extractions. The grid-based analysis further reduces the error, which might have been introduced by image mis-registration. The proposed methodology is validated by finding the temporal changes in the linear land cover features in parts of Kolkata city, India using three different image data-sets from LISS IV, Cartosat-1 and Google earth having varied spatial resolutions of 5.8 m, 2.5 m and about 1 m, respectively. The overall accuracy in identifying changes is found to be 64.82, 73.86 and 80.93% for LISS IV, Cartosat-1 and Google earth data-set, respectively.     

地质系统的复杂性--地质科学的基本问题(Ⅱ)

笔者根据其所提出的“地质作用与时空结构是一切地质现象的本质与核心”的自然哲学理念将地质科学的学科体系划分为地球物质的成分与结构、地质作用、地质学场与地质系统的演化等四大基本领域,它与9个重大基础地质问题以及与其相关的基础理论问题相对应（表2）,笔者将其已发表的地质科学的复杂性理论“地质作用的临界过程动力学－地质系统在混沌边缘分形生长”应用于研究9个重大基础地质问题,着重对于其中所包含的主要基础理论问题的实质及其理论与研究方法作较深入而简要的剖析。目的是通过将地质系统的复杂性作为地质科学的基本问题的新视角对古老而常新的地质科学进行再认识,将重大基础地质问题的研究提高到非线性科学和复杂性理论的层次,并实现地质科学向精确科学的跨越,取得突破性进展。     

地下介质横向变化的地震多尺度边缘检测技术

本文提出的地震多尺度边缘检测技术以坎尼最佳边缘检测准则和小波变换的多分辨分析为理论基础,能在地震记录上较方便而可靠地识别地下介质的横向变化。这些横向变化包括不能用肉眼在地震同相轴上直接发现而又实际存在的隐蔽特征。对地层尖灭,透镜体、岩性变化和孔洞、裂缝发育带均可进行识别。模型计算和实际地震资料的处理结果显示该方法具有实际应用价值     

生态交界带特征与动态变化机理分析

文章论述了生态交界带是两个以上生态系统交接的过渡带，它具有特有的生态系统结构，生态交界带生态系统的结构，功能和物质，能是以及信息的交流与相邻生态系统有密切的联系，但又表现出明显的异质性，其动态变化机理显示生态交界带内物质，能量和信息的均衡状况。     

Simulation of the subsurface mobility of carbon nanoparticles at the field scale

The production and use of nanomaterials will inevitably lead to their disposal in the natural environment. To assess the risk that these materials pose to human and ecosystem health an understanding of their mobility and ultimate fate is essential. To date, however, relatively little research has been conducted on the fate of nanoparticles in subsurface systems. In this study the subsurface mobility of two carbon nanoparticles: nano-fullerenes (nC₆₀) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is assessed. A two-dimensional finite element model was used to simulate the movement of these nanoparticles under a range of hydrologic and geological conditions, including a heterogeneous permeability field. The numerical model is based on colloid filtration theory (CFT) with a maximum retention capacity term. For the conditions evaluated the carbon nanotubes are much more mobile than nC₆₀ due to the smaller collector efficiency associated with carbon nanotubes. However, the mobility of nC₆₀ increased significantly when a maximum retention capacity term was included in the model. Model results also demonstrate that, for the systems examined, nanoparticles were predicted to be less mobile in heterogeneous systems compared to the homogeneous systems with the same average hydraulic properties.     

基于松弛法的影像边缘提取

提出一种基于松弛法的影像边缘提取算法.本文详述了边缘标号的设置及初始概率的计算,并根据邻域内的信息分布,综合考虑了边缘的先验知识,设计出自适应的支持函数.     

基于网格模板的最小欧式距离准则图像自动拼接技术

提出一种结合网格模板和最小欧式距离准则的图像自动拼接方法。方法选取图像重叠部分作为处理对象，运用边缘检测自动获取基准图像特征块，并提出基于网格模板的最小欧式距离准则用于计算匹配点，最后使用图像融合技术消除接缝。应用证明该方法拼接准确快速，实现简单，适合大部分图像拼接应用的需要。     

Cartographically Wordy but not Necessarily Worthy

Abstract

A novel method called multidirectional visibility index (MVI) has been developed and verified. The MVI improves standard cartographic analytical shading with a number of enhancements to topographic detail and prominent structures, i.e. the portrayal of flat areas in lighter tones, the accentuation of morphologic edges, and the multiscale visualisation of morphologic terrain features. The procedure requires a digital elevation model (DEM) and involves the following steps: visibility mask computation; the respective multidirectional altering of the azimuth and elevation angle; the generation of continuous grid MVIs that indicate upper/lower views, quasi-slope, and relative relief; and an appropriate visualisation of the relevant MVI as a standalone technique or in combination with standard hill-shaded relief. The modelling parameters are robust and therefore highly adaptive to different landforms.