江苏省市、县级矿产资源规划数据库建设及应用研究

矿产资源规划数据库作为矿产资源规划成果内容的一部分,是矿产资源规划管理工作的基础数据。本文针对江苏省市、县级矿产资源规划数据库建设实际,对数据库建设的方法进行探讨,提出了第二轮矿产资源规划数据库建设中的问题和解决对策,并开展矿产资源规划数据归集与应用研究,可为第三轮矿产资源规划及其他数据库建设提供相关参考。     

中国资源外交的地缘政治分析

资源外交寓于国际地缘政治的长期博弈之中。地缘政治是一国对外交往所要考虑的重要因素之一。本文立足于内线周边和外线外围的地缘关系分析,总结了中国资源外交地缘政治的总体态势和潜在风险,并试图提出我国资源外交的基本思路。在全球地缘政治格局中,中国的资源外交包括内线地带和外线地带两个层次：内线由接壤的邻国以及接近的近邻组成,是中国资源外交的战略依托地带;外线由涵盖美洲、欧洲、非洲和澳洲大陆的资源生产大国和消费大国组成,是中国资源外交的战略腾挪空间。在这两个层次上,我国的地缘风险主要来自其他大国的地缘战略遏制、“走出去”战略的地缘选择权旁落、资源通道和贸易路线受制于人。要突破这些地缘限制与束缚,我国的资源外交需统筹国内、国际两个大局,分清内线、外线战略方向的轻重缓急,以周边关系为首要、以大国关系为关键、以发展中国家关系为基础,积极拓展对外友好关系的发展空间,有序扩展资源合作领域,坚定维护国家资源权益。     

倡导生态矿业,促进矿业可持续发展

展望 2 1世纪中国矿业的发展 ,认为大力倡导和发展生态矿业 ,走资源开发与环境保护相协调的矿业可持续发展之路 ,是实施可持续发展战略的必然要求。本文对生态矿业进行了探讨 ,同时提出了矿业可持续发展的对策措施     

蒙特卡罗法在资源评价中的应用

结合陕西灞源地区金矿预测实例,探讨了在蒙特卡罗法应用中潜在矿床总数估计及资源总量概率分布向资源潜力分布转换两个环节的合理实现方法。在一定条件下,矿点空间分布模型和发现过程模型可有效地用于估计潜在矿床总数。通过坐标平移或求截尾分布而将资源总量的概率分布转变为资源潜力的概率分布,可得到较为符合地质实际的评价结果。     

Mineralization of the Liwu large-scale stratiform copper deposits in Sichuan Province,China: Constraints from fluid inclusions

The Liwu stratiform copper deposit is located in the northwestern Jianglang dome, western China. Current studies mainly focus on the genetic type and mineralization of this deposit. Detailed fluid inclusion characteristics of metallogenic period quartz veins were studied to reveal the ore-forming fluid features. Laser Raman analysis indicates that the ore-forming fluids is a H₂O-NaCl-CH₄ (-CO₂) system. Fluid inclusions microthermometry shows a homogenization temperature of 181–375°C and a salinity of 5.26%–16.99% for the disseminated-banded Cu-Zn mineralization; but a homogenization temperature of 142–343°C and a salinity of 5.41%–21.19% for the massive-veined Cu-Zn mineralization. These features suggest a medium-high temperature and a medium salinity for the ore-forming fluids. H-O isotopic data indicates that the ore-forming fluids were mainly from the metamorphic and magmatic water, plus minor formation water. And sulfur isotopic data indicates that sulfur was mainly derived from the formation and magmatic rocks. Metallogenesis of the disseminated-banded mineralization was mainly correlated with fluid mixing and water-rock reaction; whereas that of the massive-veined mineralization was mainly correlated with fluid boiling. The genetic type of the deposit is a medium-high temperature hydrothermal deposit related to magmatism and controlled by shear zones. This study is beneficial to understand the stratiform copper deposit.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.     

Broadband seismic source data acquisition and processing to delineate iron oxide deposits in the Blötberget mine-central Sweden

A prototype electromagnetic vibrator, referred to here as E-Vib, was upgraded and developed for broadband hardrock and mineral exploration seismic surveys. We selected the iron oxide mine in Blötberget, central Sweden, for a test site in 2019 for the newly developed E-Vib because of the availability of earlier seismic datasets (from 2015 to 2016) for verification of its performance for hardrock imaging purposes. The two-dimensional data acquisition consisted of a fixed geometry with 550 receiver locations spaced at every 5 m, employing both cabled and wireless seismic recorders, along an approximately 2.7 km long profile. The E-Vib operated at every second receiver station (i.e. 10 m spacing) with a linear sweep of 2–180 Hz and with a peak force of 7 kN. The processing workflow took advantage of the broadband signal generated by the E-Vib in this challenging hardrock environment with varying ground conditions. The processed seismic section shows a set of reflections associated with the known iron oxide mineralization and a major crosscutting reflection interpreted to be from a fault system likely to be crosscutting the mineralization. The broadband source data acquisition and subsequent processing helped to improve signal quality and resolution in comparison with the earlier workflows and data where a drophammer seismic source was used as the seismic source. These results suggest new possibilities for the E-Vib source for improved targeting in hardrock geological settings.     

Geology and mineralization of the supergiant Shimensi granitic-type W-Cu-Mo deposit (1.168 Mt) in northern Jiangxi,South China: A Review

The Shimensi deposit is a recently discovered W-Cu-Mo polymetallic deposit located in the Jiangnan porphyry-skarn W belt in South China. The deposit has a resource of 0.74×10⁶ t of WO₃ accompanied by 0.4×10⁶ t Cu and 28000 t Mo and other useful components like Ga, making it one of the largest W deposits in the world. This paper is aimed to reveal the ore-controlling mechanisms of the Shimensi deposit, involving the role of the ore-related granites, the tectonic background for its formation, and the metallogenesis model. The systematic geological survey suggests multi-types of alteration are developed in the deposit, mainly including greisenization, potassic-alteration, sericitization, chloritization, and silicification. Drilling engineering data and mining works indicate that the Shimensi deposit consists of two main orebodies of I and II. Therein, the W resource has reached a supergiant scale, and the accompanied Cu, Mo, Au, Bi, Ga, and some other useful components are also of economic significance. The main ore-minerals consist of scheelite, wolframite and chalcopyrite. Disseminated mineralization is the dominant type of the W-Cu-Mo polymetallic orebodies, and mainly distributes in the inner and external contact zone that between the Neoproterozoic biotite granodiorite and the Yanshanian granites. The main orebody occurs at the external contact zone, and the pegmatoid crust near the inner contact zone is an important prospecting marker of the W mineralization. Of them, the disseminated W ores within the wall rock of the Neoproterozoic biotite granodiorite is a new mineralization type identified in this paper. Combining previous geochronological and isotopic data, we propose that the mineralization of the Shimensi deposit is closely related to the intruding of the Yanshanian porphyritic biotite granite and granite porphyry. Geochemical data suggest that the biotite granodiorite is rich in Ca and had provided a large amount of Ca for the precipitation of scheelite in this area. Thus, it is a favorable wall rock type for W mineralization. The Shimensi deposit belongs to granitic-type W polymetallic deposit related to post-magmatic hydrothermal, and the ore-forming fluid was initially derived from the Yanshanian magmas.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office.     

使用纳米碳酸钙降低低孔低渗煤层气储层伤害

传统暂堵剂难以封堵低孔低渗煤层气储层中的大量纳米级别孔隙.通过煤岩显微观测、钻井液基本性能测试、泥饼清除实验、煤岩孔隙分布实验和气体渗透率实验,探讨了纳米碳酸钙降低低孔低渗煤层气储层伤害的效果.结果表明:纳米碳酸钙材料只有在水溶液中保持纳米级的分散状态,才可能对低渗煤岩起到暂堵作用;基于纳米碳酸钙的可降解钻井液既能封堵低孔低渗煤岩中微米级别孔隙,也能封堵其中的纳米级别孔隙;经过生物酶和稀盐酸双重解堵后,煤岩渗透率恢复值达77.17%~97.98%,储层保护效果好;煤岩孔隙分布实验可以在纳米尺度上研究纳米材料对低孔低渗储层的暂堵效果.研究成果可为纳米碳酸钙在低孔低渗煤层和页岩钻完井过程中的应用奠定良好技术基础.      

湖北铜绿山铜铁矿床中煌斑岩的矿物学特征及岩石成因初探

湖北铜绿山矽卡岩型铜铁矿床处于长江中下游铁铜成矿带西部的鄂东南矿集区。最近我们在该矿区工作中采集到两条侵入于含矿石英二长闪长玢岩中的煌斑岩脉。本文对这些煌斑岩脉进行了详细的镜下岩相学观察,并对其中造岩矿物黑云母、辉石和长石进行了电子探针成分分析。根据这些数据本文论述了煌斑岩的物源、形成环境以及岩浆体系的物理化学条件。研究表明,煌斑岩中云母为富镁黑云母,其形成的岩浆体系处于中低氧逸度(近Ni-Ni O);黑云母与全岩都具有高钛特征,表明煌斑岩的物源深度可能来自较深部地幔(如软流圈)。煌斑岩中辉石为单斜辉石,环带较为发育,有韵律环带和正环带,其韵律环带的形成可能是由于岩浆温压环境存在振荡性变化而形成的。铜绿山矿床中煌斑岩属于云煌岩;其岩浆来源具幔源性,受到地壳的混染作用不强。     

江西九瑞矿集区南港成矿远景区煌斑岩中辉石矿物成分特征与岩浆演化过程

九瑞矿集区隶属于长江中下游铜-铁-金成矿带,该矿集区内主要发育有武山、城门山、洋鸡山、丁家山等大中型铜金多金属矿床。区内的南港成矿远景预测区位于横立山-黄桥向斜的南翼,地质条件与该向斜北翼的武山铜矿基本一致。本文以南港地区发现的煌斑岩为研究对象,对其中的辉石进行了详细的岩相学和电子探针成分分析工作,来探讨煌斑岩的演化过程及岩石成因。测试结果显示,南港煌斑岩中的辉石,具有高Ca、高Mg,低Ti,贫Al、贫Fe的特点。斑晶中的辉石属于透辉石和普通辉石,基质中的辉石则属于普通辉石。辉石斑晶的viAl和Na2O含量很低,指示其形成压力较小。由早到晚从斑晶到基质,辉石向着富铁富钙的方向演化。辉石发育有反环带及韵律环带,显示在岩浆房中可能受到过岩浆混合作用的影响。辉石的矿物化学特征指示南港煌斑岩属碱性岩石系列。