梅山铁矿外围金、铜、钼多金属矿地质特征

在梅山铁矿接替资源勘查中,首次发现了金、铜、钼多金属矿体,通过岩石学、流体包裹体及激光等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)锆石U-Pb同位素测年等手段初步研究了其成矿地质特征及矿床成因。金、铜、钼多金属矿体主要赋存在铁矿层顶部和外围硅化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化的"近矿指示蚀变带"中,属于燕山早期大王山旋回的产物,矿床成因类型为陆相火山-沉积期后热液交代充填型矿床。     

四川高县贾村矿区地质构造形态分析

通过四川省高县贾村矿区庆岭、三胜勘查区煤炭资源勘探(详+精)项目的开展,认真分析研究了矿区地质构造形态,对影响两勘查区的3条主要断层F51、F53、F69做了大量的工作,根据地面勘验和结合钻探实际情况,形成了新的认识。为作好"三边"地质工作,解决目前及未来建井生产中可能遇到的地质问题,在原始的地质构造资料基础上进行分析。     

基于3D Mine的阳山金矿安坝矿段三维建模研究及矿体形态分析

矿山三维立体模型的建立是矿山数字化的基础。本文系统收集了阳山金矿安坝矿段勘探线剖面图28条,编录了钻孔数据106个,分析了31446个钻孔采样结果,建立了钻孔数据库;应用3D Mine矿业工程软件构建了地形模型和矿体模型;对于三维建模的一般技术路线进行了初步归纳;建立了安坝矿段三维实体模型;并对矿体形态进行了分析,从而探讨了阳山金矿区的构造控矿规律,解释了矿体形态可能的形成原因,以期为阳山的深入找矿工作提供一定的理论依据。     

国外矿山环境治理的启示

生态环境是一种有价的资源,应该用经济手段督促矿产资源开发者履行矿山环境恢复和治理的义务。在总结和借鉴发达国家在矿山环境保护方面采取的一系列政策和措施的基础上,提出保证金制度是我国矿山环境治理的重要措施。     

兰坪铅锌矿矿体数字化及三维立体模型的建立

采用“矿床数学-经济模型”软件包,以及国外矿业软件Surpac、Micromine等,对兰坪铅锌矿某矿段进行了矿体数字化研究。研究内容包括矿体原始资料数据库的建立、样品统计分析、建立岩性模型、构造变异函数,以及建立品位模型等。最后在矿床数学模型的基础上,建立了矿体的三维立体空间模型。该数字化研究成果极大地方便了矿山的生产管理,为矿山探矿工程的设计、采矿工程的设计,以及经济评价提供了科学依据。     

露采矿山的开采与环境整治工程的监理模式

论述了江苏省露采矿山开采与环境整治工程的矿山监理工作产生的背景,自《江苏省开山采石矿山监理暂行办法》实施后,矿山监理工作逐渐走向完善。并对矿山监理的任务、依据、原则、范围和分类、适用性、监理组织与人员职责、监理的周期、监理报告等做出了阐述,以实践经验就矿山监理工作实施的内容、方法、现场监理等方面进行介绍,提出了监理过程中容易遇到的问题,并指出实行矿山监理的重要现实意义,得出值得进一步推广的结论。     

Plant–Arthropod Associations from the Lower Miocene of the Most Basin in Northern Bohemia (Czech Republic): A Preliminary Report

Terrestrial plants and insects currently account for the majority of the Earth's biodiversity, and approximately half of insect species are herbivores. Thus, insects and plants share ancient associations that date back more than 400 Myr. However, investigations of their past interactions are at the preliminary stages in Western Europe. Herein, we present the first results of our study of various feeding damage based on a dataset of nearly 3500 examined plant specimens from the Lower Miocene of the Lagerst?tte Bílina Mine in the Most Basin, Czech Republic. This site provides a unique view of the Neogene freshwater ecosystems. It has long been studied by scientists working in different branches of sedimentology, paleobotany, and paleozoology. The fossils are preserved in three characteristic horizons overlaying the coal seam (Clayey Superseam Horizon, Delta Sandy Horizon, and Lake Clayey Horizon), reflecting paleoenvironmental changes in a short time period of development. The trace fossils are classified as functional feeding groups or “guilds”, without searching for a direct cause or a recent analog host relation. Approximately 23% of specimens of dicotyledonous plant leaves were found to be damaged and associated with some leaf “morphotypes”. Deciduous plant–host taxa, and those with a chartaceous texture typical of riparian habitats, were frequently damaged, such as Populus, recorded with two species Populus zaddachii and Populus populina (57.9% and 31% herbivory levels, respectively), followed by Acer, Alnus, and Carya, averaging almost 30% of damaged leaves/leaflets. There has been evidence of 60 damage types (DT) representing all functional feeding groups recorded at the Bílina Mine, including 12 types of leaf mines and 16 gall-type DT. In total, Lower Miocene of the Lagerst?tte Bílina Mine exhibits a high level of external foliage feeding types (23.7%), and a low level of more specialized DT, such as galls (4.3%) and leaf mines (<1%). A broader comparison based on DT of the main sedimentary environments shows significance supporting different biomes by frequency of damage levels and DT diversities.     

Role of carbonates in mitigation of metal release from mining waste. Evidence from humidity cells tests

 Leaching of two contrasting types of sulphidic tailings in humidity cells has been performed. The release of heavy metals and the oxidation rate have been studied. Tailings from the Laver mine contain a few percent sulphides and lack carbonates, whereas tailings from the Stekenjokk mine are both sulphide- and carbonate-rich. The results showed that in the leachates from the Laver samples, the metal concentrations increased and pH decreased with time, indicating an increased oxidation rate. In the Stekenjokk samples, pH remained high during the experiment, thereby keeping the metal concentrations low in the leachates. The oxidation rate also decreased with time, probably due to Fe-hydroxide coatings on sulphide surfaces. The results show that addition of carbonates and the maintenance of a high pH not only reduce the solubility of heavy metals, but also decrease the oxidation rate of sulphides. Received: 20 January 1998 · Accepted: 2 April 1998     

霍林河南露天矿地下水疏干方式的探讨

霍林河南露天煤矿自1986年开始疏干以来对煤系地层中强含水层(带)的孔隙、裂隙承压水疏干取得了一定的效果,保证了露天开采的正常进行。但随着采掘进度的发展,疏干与采矿之间的矛盾日益突出。在总结该矿历年实际疏干资料的基础上,结合剥采工程发展规划,对该矿今后如何解决煤系弱含水层(带)孔隙、裂隙承压水的疏干问题进行一些探讨,力求对解决生产实际有所碑益。     

大同矿区口泉沟南地下水资源的合理开发研究

矿山地区一方面采矿存在着水患,另一方面又因疏干排水而使日常生活缺水。目前我国有关矿区供排结合的实例并不多见。以大同矿区口泉沟南为例,分析了该区的地质、水文地质条件,并用数学模型的有限元法评价了地下水资源的允许开采量。同时提出和论证了最佳开采方案。