Geodynamic setting,structure, and composition of continuous trachybasalt-trachyandesite-rhyolite series in the north of Altai-Sayan area: the role of crust-mantle interaction in continental magma formation

The geologic positions and geochemical and isotope parameters of the Ordovician-early Silurian and Early-Middle Devonian continuous volcanic series of the Minusa basin and its mountainous framing are compared. Both series are composed mostly of moderately alkaline rocks with variations in SiO₂ contents from 45 to 77 wt.%. The Ordovician-early Silurian series differs from the Early-Middle Devonian one in lower contents of TiO₂ (< 1.7 wt.%) and Fe₂O_3tot and higher contents of Al₂O₃ in all rock varieties and in the more fractionated REE patterns of trachybasalts. The compositions of both series reflect two simultaneous mechanisms of magma evolution. The main process was fractional crystallization leading to the formation of rocks from trachybasalts to trachyrhyodacites. The accessory mechanism was the contamination of fractionated melts by crustal material, anatectic melting of crust, and mixing of deep-seated magmas with crustal melts. These processes had specifics at each stage and were controlled by the composition of the sources of parental melts. Their geochemical and isotopic parameters (high alkalinity, high contents of lithophile elements, negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, and Ti, and enrichment in radiogenic Sr) point to the interaction of mantle plumes with the lithospheric mantle that was metasomatically transformed during the preceding Vendian-early Cambrian subduction processes.     

Early Carboniferous ophiolite in central Qiangtang,northern Tibet: record of an oceanic back-arc system in the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean

Zircon U–Pb dating of two samples of metagabbro from the Riwanchaka ophiolite yielded early Carboniferous ages of 354.4 ± 2.3 Ma and 356.7 ± 1.9 Ma. Their positive zircon εHf(t) values (+7.9 to +9.9) indicate that these rocks were derived from a relatively depleted mantle. The metagabbros can be considered as two types: R1 and R2. Both types are tholeiitic, with depletion of high-field-strength elements (HFSE) and enrichment of large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) similar to those of typical back-arc basin basalts (BABB), such as Mariana BABB and East Scotia Ridge BABB. Geochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that the R1 metagabbro originated from a back-arc basin spreading ridge with addition of slab-derived fluids, whereas the R2 metagabbro was derived from a back-arc basin mantle source, with involvement of melts and fluids from subducted ocean crust. The Riwanchaka ophiolite exhibits both mid-ocean ridge basalts- and arc-like geochemical affinities, consistent with coeval ophiolites from central Qiangtang. Observations indicate that the Qiangtang ophiolites developed during the Late Devonian–early Carboniferous (D₃–C₁) in a back-arc spreading ridge above an intra-oceanic subduction zone. Based on our data and previous studies, we propose that an oceanic back-arc basin system existed in the Longmuco–Shuanghu–Lancang Palaeo-Tethys Ocean during the D₃–C₁ period.     

安徽宿松志留系—泥盆系碎屑锆石物源分析及其大地构造意义*

安徽宿松志留系—泥盆系分布于下扬子地层区西部,大别造山带东南缘,郯庐断裂带南端东侧。为了获得宿松地区志留系—泥盆系的物源信息,对出露于宿松地区的坟头组、茅山组及五通组细砂岩及粉砂岩进行了碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年。结果显示,3个样品均获得了约970 Ma、820 Ma的主要峰值年龄和约450 Ma的次要峰值年龄。碎屑锆石主要来源于花岗质岩石。根据花岗岩中锆石的判别图,研究层段碎屑锆石大多属于I型和S型花岗岩锆石,而江南造山带内新元古代及华南地区加里东期的花岗质岩石大多为I型和S型。通过与华南碎屑锆石年龄谱的对比,认为研究地层物源主要来自华南板块内部。根据锆石结晶年龄与沉积年龄差异模式图,判别出安徽宿松志留系—泥盆系形成于碰撞背景。     

兴安地块南段晚泥盆世包格德岩体时代的厘定及地质意义

中亚造山带东端兴安地块南段的包格德岩体由石英二长岩、二长花岗岩和花岗斑岩3种岩性组成,岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果分别为368±+1 Ma、364±1 Ma、355±1 Ma,为晚泥盆-早石炭世岩浆活动的产物;岩体的(Na2O+K2O)含量为7.62％～8.82％,K2O/Na2O值为0.93～4.21...     

湖南省主要内生成矿事件的构造格局控矿特征及动力机制

湖南省内生矿产资源丰富,内生成矿事件主要有加里东期(以志留纪为主)、印支晚期(晚三叠世)、燕山中晚期(晚侏罗世-早白垩世)等3期。以区域矿产资料为基础,结合大地构造、成岩成矿年龄、矿床成因机制等研究成果,对上述3期内生成矿事件的构造格局控矿特征和动力机制进行探讨。①受加里东运动自东南向西北扩展以及深部岩石圈结构差异控制,加里东期湖南省自东南往西北分为成矿特征有别的3个构造带。湘中-湘东南构造岩浆带(Ⅰ)发生后碰撞花岗质岩浆活动,于局部产生与岩浆活动相关的W、萤石等成矿作用;雪峰构造带(Ⅱ)东部的雪峰冲断带(Ⅱ1)形成了以构造活化成因为主的金矿和锑金矿;雪峰构造带(Ⅱ)西部的武陵低缓褶皱带(Ⅱ2)及湘西北构造抬升带(Ⅲ)内形成了与寒武纪同沉积断裂活动、加里东运动后的伸展活动以及相应的热液活动有关的汞铅锌矿。②印支晚期受深部岩石圈结构差异控制,湖南省自东南至西北分为3个构造带:湘中-湘东南构造岩浆带(Ⅰ)因后碰撞减压熔融而发生大规模花岗质岩浆活动,从而于其东南部形成钨锡铅锌多金属矿床,西北部形成锑金钨多金属矿床;雪峰构造带(Ⅱ)可能无内生热液成矿作用;湘西北褶皱带(Ⅲ)发育小型脉型铅锌矿。③燕山中晚期,湖南省自东南往西北分为3个构造带:湘中-湘东构造岩浆带(Ⅰ)受岩石圈拆沉、软流圈上隆、陆内碰撞后期增温减压、俯冲板块崩塌等深部构造作用控制而发生大规模花岗质岩浆活动,形成了大量的有色金属矿床和金矿床;雪峰西部构造带(Ⅱ)成矿作用弱,局部存在Au、Hg成矿作用;湘西北褶皱带(Ⅲ)发育少量低温热液充填型萤石矿和砷矿。     

Growth Dynamics of the Middle Devonian Jukoupu Bioherm,Xinshao, Hunan

The growth process, palaeoecological features and the function of organisms in reef-building of the Jukoupu bioherm in Hunan are discussed in detail. The bioherm is divided into 10 microfacies. Organisms are very abundant in the reef. Thirty-two genera Belonging to 7 phyla have been recognized. They make up 5 communities composed mainly of stromatopoids, Corals and algae, each of which has its own salient ecological features. An analysis of all communities shows that the organic functions are very complex. The same organisms may possess diverse functions simultaneously as the reef growth enters the late stage. The growth process of the reef may involve five stages' (l)biostrome stage, (2) stabilization stage, (3) frame-type reef-building stage, (4) binding and covering-type reef-building stage, and (5) baffle- type reef -building stage.     

新化,湘潭等地跳马涧组的遗迹化石

新化、湘潭等地跳马涧组的遗迹化石经笔者鉴定与描术者共15个遗迹属24个遗迹种(包括4个新遗迹种)。它们大部分属于跳马涧组上部,可分为Arenicolites-Palaeophycus组合,Skolithos-Planolites组合,Palaeophycus-Gordia组合,Rhizocorallium-Planolites组合,代表近滨环境,属Cruziana遗迹相。部分属于顶部Zoophycus-Cochlichnus组合和Zoophycus-Skolithos组合,属Zoophycus遗迹相上部。综合前人资料,湖南跳马涧组遗迹化石现已发现22属45种,可归并为居住迹、觅食迹、爬行迹、休息迹、啮食迹、钻孔、逃逸构造、生物扰动构造八种生态类型。由跳马涧组下部至顶部,由以居住迹为主的遗迹组合,转变为居住迹、觅食迹同等发育或以觅食迹为主,转变为啮食迹为主的组合。反映由前滨转变为近滨,再转变为远滨,代表海水加深、海侵扩大的过程。     

新疆准噶尔地区泥盆系火山碎屑岩中放射虫的发现及其地质意义

泥盆系课题组,在准噶尔地区发现20余层含放射虫的火山碎屑岩,放射虫均产于被化石证明了的下、中、上泥盆统中.在火山碎屑岩中产放射虫,国外已有报导,国内尚无正式报导.从而对该区岩相古地理提出了新认识.     

云南路南上泥盆统的划分与对比

云南路南上泥盆统的划分与对比曹仁关（云南省地质科学研究所，云南昆明，６５００１１）关键词云南，路南，上泥盆统，一打得组，寨黑组，地层划分，地层对比云南东部泥盆系发育完整，分布较广，南起元江龙孔，经后屏双拼，建水石关山、华宁盘溪，至路南老人山都有出露。...     

宁夏卫宁盆地晚泥盆世中华豆石介族（介形类）的发现

通过对中华巨石介族的研究，指出宁夏卫宁盆地中宁组下段为法门期滨海相沉积，泥盆纪时属华南生物地理区系。根据生物群和沉积建造的相似性，并结合古地磁资料分析、推测在晚泥盆世期间，包括卫宁盆地在内的河西走廊地体可能还未完全脱离华南地块。