Mineralization of the Liwu large-scale stratiform copper deposits in Sichuan Province,China: Constraints from fluid inclusions

The Liwu stratiform copper deposit is located in the northwestern Jianglang dome, western China. Current studies mainly focus on the genetic type and mineralization of this deposit. Detailed fluid inclusion characteristics of metallogenic period quartz veins were studied to reveal the ore-forming fluid features. Laser Raman analysis indicates that the ore-forming fluids is a H₂O-NaCl-CH₄ (-CO₂) system. Fluid inclusions microthermometry shows a homogenization temperature of 181–375°C and a salinity of 5.26%–16.99% for the disseminated-banded Cu-Zn mineralization; but a homogenization temperature of 142–343°C and a salinity of 5.41%–21.19% for the massive-veined Cu-Zn mineralization. These features suggest a medium-high temperature and a medium salinity for the ore-forming fluids. H-O isotopic data indicates that the ore-forming fluids were mainly from the metamorphic and magmatic water, plus minor formation water. And sulfur isotopic data indicates that sulfur was mainly derived from the formation and magmatic rocks. Metallogenesis of the disseminated-banded mineralization was mainly correlated with fluid mixing and water-rock reaction; whereas that of the massive-veined mineralization was mainly correlated with fluid boiling. The genetic type of the deposit is a medium-high temperature hydrothermal deposit related to magmatism and controlled by shear zones. This study is beneficial to understand the stratiform copper deposit.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.     

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青藏高原东北缘山地农户对气候变化的感知及适应策略——以湟水中游为例

以青藏高原东北缘山地地区不同海拔高度地理单元村落的农户为调查对象,进行气候变化、气象灾害的感知及适应策略等调查,采用感知强度公式及专家打分法分析农户气候变化感知以及所采用的适应策略,结果显示：1961—2013年湟水中游气候变化整体趋于暖干化,有84%的农户认为气候变暖,并对其生活造成了严重的影响;在不同海拔高度上的地理单元,农户对气象灾害的感知有明显差异,川水地区农户对沙尘的感知最强,浅山地区农户对虫害的感知最强,而脑山地区农户对连阴雨的感知最强;不同海拔高度的农户对适应策略的选择不同,川水地区农户主要采取“生产性+生活性+保障性”组合适应策略;浅山地区农户主要采取“生产性+生活性”组合适应策略;而脑山地区的农户则主要采取单一的“生产性”适应策略来应对气候变化所带来的影响。     

九江下蜀黄土的常量元素组成及其物源指示

长江中下游地区下蜀黄土的物质来源一直是个热点问题。本文对江西九江下蜀黄土和甘肃临洮晚更新世以来黄土的常量元素组成进行了研究,并与末次间冰期以来黄土高原其它点位的黄土、长江中下游其它地点的下蜀黄土和长江沉积物的元素组成进行对比,以期探讨九江下蜀黄土的物质来源。结果表明：（1）九江下蜀黄土的地球化学元素以SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3为主。与临洮黄土的元素组成相比,九江下蜀黄土具有较高的SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、TiO2含量和较低的CaO、MgO含量。（2）在空间上,下蜀黄土的SiO2/Al2O3比值未表现出黄土高原黄土（北方黄土）的SiO2/Al2O3比值随纬度规律性变化的特点,揭示下蜀黄土的主要源区可能不是北方的内陆荒漠或黄土高原。（3）TiO2/Al2O3-K2O/Al2O3和TiO2/Al2O3-Fe2O3/Al2O3图解显示下蜀黄土与北方黄土存在显著差异,进一步表明下蜀黄土与北方黄土的主要源区可能不同。     

应用粒度成因单元划分高分辨率层序地层基准面旋回

摘要　在Goodwin和Anderson于1985提出的PAC假说基础上,针对目前基准面旋回级别划分较为混乱的状况,将基准面旋回赋予了自旋回和异旋回的涵义,探索性地提出了粒度成因单元的概念和研究方法,并将其应用到柴窝堡盆地中二叠统芦草沟组高分辨率层序地层的研究中,建立了该区中二叠统草沟组高分辨率层序地层格架,划分出了2个长期基准面旋回6个中期粒度成因单元以及5段。     

中天山白石头泉岩体年代学、岩石成因及构造意义

白石头泉岩体位于中天山北缘边界断裂(沙泉子断裂)南侧。该岩体从下至上可分为五个连续过渡的岩相带,即淡色花岗岩(a带),含天河石花岗岩(b带),天河石花岗岩(c带),含黄玉天河石花岗岩(d带)以及黄玉钠长花岗岩(e带),其中,b、c、d和e带均为a带分异的产物。白石头泉岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,该岩体侵位于早二叠世早期(295.6±1.3Ma),并于印支期(~214Ma)经历了一次热事件的改造。淡色花岗岩在主量元素上富硅(SiO₂= 74.93%~76.18%)、富碱(K₂O + Na₂O=8.07%~8.80%)、富钠(K₂O / Na₂O=0.82~0.89),贫钙、镁,而在微量元素上富Rb、F和Ga(Al/Ga比值为2217~3134),贫Ba、Sr和Eu并具强烈的铕负异常(δEu=0.0020~0.0091),反映出其源区为富含白云母的片岩(或片麻岩),成岩压力较低,温度大于860℃。结合区域地质特征,作者等认为白石头泉岩体形成于相对拉张的构造背景,是中-上地壳源岩经历高温贫水熔融的产物,其形成与幔源岩浆内侵作用有关。     

Role of Quaternary stratigraphy on arsenic-contaminated groundwater from parts of Middle Ganga Plain,UP–Bihar,India

Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentation in the Middle Ganga Plain (MGP) (Uttar Pradesh–Bihar) have influenced groundwater arsenic contamination. Arsenic contaminated aquifers are pervasive within narrow entrenched channels and flood plains (T₀-Surface) of fine-grained grey to black coloured argillaceous organic rich Holocene sediments (Newer Alluvium). Contaminated aquifers are often located close to distribution of abandoned or existing channels and swamps. The Pleistocene Older Alluvium upland terraces (T₂-Surface) made up of oxidized yellowish brown sediments with calcareous and ferruginous concretions and the aquifers within it are free of arsenic contamination. MGP sediments are mainly derived from the Himalaya with minor inputs from the Peninsular India. The potential source of arsenic in MGP is mainly from the Himalaya. The contaminated aquifers in the Terai belt of Nepal are closely comparable in nature and age to those of the MGP. Arsenic was transported from disseminated sources as adsorbed on dispersed phases of hydrated-iron-oxidea and later on released to groundwater mainly by reductive dissolution of hydrated-iron-oxide and corresponding oxidation of organic matter in aquifer. Strong reducing nature of groundwater is indicated by high concentration of dissolved iron (11.06 mg/l). Even within the arsenic-affected areas, dugwells are found to be arsenic safe due to oxyginated nature.     

Geosites inventory of the northwestern Tabular Middle Atlas of Morocco

Across the northwestern Tabular Middle Atlas of Morocco there are many examples of landscapes, rocks and fossils that provide key evidence of a particular moment or period in Earth history. Such Earth heritage sites are important for educating the general public in environmental matters. They also serve as tools for demonstrating sustainable development and for illustrating methods of site conservation as well as remembering that rocks, minerals, fossils, soils, landforms form an integral part of the natural world. The significance of certain sites for aesthetic or tourism reasons is obvious. There are numerous geosites, which could contribute to effective exploitation of geotourism, often in conjunction with ecotourism. The strategy employed to such sites involves close consultation with all communities in the vicinity of the respective geosite and is not only aimed at tourism and education, but also at sustainable improvement of the infrastructure of the people of this area. Geological heritage sites, properly managed, can generate employment and new economic activities, especially in regions in need of new or additional sources of income.     

SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Dating of the Tula Granite Pluton on the South Side of the Altun Fault and Its Geological Implications

The Tula A2-subtype granite pluton is located between the Altun fault and its branching fault. According to the geological, geochemical, REE and trace elements characteristics, it belongs to the A2 （PA） subtype granite. The SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating gives a result of 385.2±8.1 Ma, which is located between the Middle and Late Devonian in the international stratigraphic chart, and can be regarded as the crystallization age of the Tula granite. The study indicates that the Tula area was in a local extensional environment in the end of the Middle Devonian, and that environment was probably related to the synchronized strike-slip activity of the Altun fault.     

The Source System of Mesozoic Magmatism in Middle and Lower Yangtze Valleys and Adjacent Areas—A Geochemical Tracer Study

The mechanism that controls regional mineralization must be governed by a series of geochemical reactions in relation to the source system of magmatism.In this respect,the geological bodies must have been overprinted by various kinds of tracers in terms of either chemical elements or isotopes.For this reason,the problem may be better approached by treating the lithosphere as a whole with due considerations given to the various tracer elements and isotopes and the various media of the magmatism(magmatic as well as sedimentary rocks).Presented in this paper are the results of this attempt based on a great wealth of available data concerning the source system of Mesozoic magmatism in the Middle and Lower Yangtze Valleys and adjacent areas.