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141.
E. M. Chamorro Pérez I. Daniel J.-C. Chervin P. Dumas J. D. Bass T. Inoue 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2006,33(7):502-510
High-pressure synchrotron infrared (IR) absorption spectra were collected between 650 and 4,000 cm−1 at ambient temperature for hydrous Mg-ringwoodite (γ-Mg2SiO4) up to 30 GPa. The main feature in the OH− stretching region is an extremely broad band centred at 3,150 cm−1. The hydrogen bond is strong for most protons and the most probable site for protonation is the tetrahedral edge. With increasing pressure, this band shifts downward while decreasing its integrated intensity until disappearance at a pressure of 25 GPa. Only one band at 2,450 cm−1 and an absorption plateau persist with a maximum wavenumber of 3,800 cm−1. This behaviour is reversible upon pressure release. We interpret this as a second-order phase transition occurring in hydrated Mg-ringwoodite at high pressure (beyond ∼ 25 GPa). This result is compatible with the observation by Kleppe et al. (Phys Chem Miner 29:473–476, 2002a) who suggested the presence of Si–O–Si linkages and/or partial increase in the coordination of Si. Beyond the phase transition, the protons are delocalized and their environment on the ringwoodite structure is probably quite different from that at low pressure. Data obtained in situ at high pressures and temperatures are needed to better understand the effect of protonation on the structure and to better constrain this phase transition. 相似文献
142.
In the central part of the internal Western Alps, widespread multidirectional normal faulting resulted in an orogen-scale radial extension during the Neogene. We revisit the frontal Piémont units, between Doire and Ubaye, where contrasting lithologies allow analysing the interference with the N–S trending Oligocene compressive structures. A major extensional structure is the orogen-perpendicular Chenaillet graben, whose development was guided by an E–W trending transfer fault zone between the Chaberton backfold to the north and the Rochebrune backthrust to the south. The Chaberton hinge zone was passively crosscut by planar normal faults, resulting in a E–W trending step-type structure. Within the Rochebrune nappe, E–W trending listric normal faults bound tilted blocks that slipped northward along the basal backthrust surface reactivated as an extensional detachment. Gravity-driven gliding is suggested by the general northward tilting of the structure in relation with the collapse of the Chenaillet graben. The stress tensors computed from brittle deformation analysis confirm the predominance of orogen-parallel extension in the entire frontal Piémont zone. This can be compared with the nearby Briançonnnais nappe stack where the extensional reactivation of thrust surfaces locally resulted in prominent orogen-perpendicular extension. Such a contrasting situation illustrates how the main direction of the late-Alpine extension may be regionally governed by the nature and orientation of the pre-existing structures inherited from the main collision stage. 相似文献
143.
Adrian Lawrence Marianne Stuart Colin Cheney Neil Jones Richard Moss 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(8):1470-1482
Contaminant migration behaviour in the unsaturated zone of a fractured porous aquifer is discussed in the context of a study site in Cheshire, UK. The site is situated on gently dipping sandstones, adjacent to a linear lagoon historically used to dispose of industrial wastes containing chlorinated solvents. Two cores of more than 100 m length were recovered and measurements of chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), inorganic chemistry, lithology, fracturing and aquifer properties were made. The results show that selecting an appropriate vertical sampling density is crucial both to providing an understanding of contaminant pathways and distinguishing whether CHCs are present in the aqueous or non-aqueous phase. The spacing of such sampling should be on a similar scale to the heterogeneity that controls water and contaminant movement. For some sections of the Permo-Triassic aquifer, significant changes in lithology and permeability occur over vertical distances of less than 1 m and samples need to be collected at this interval, otherwise considerable resolution is lost, potentially leading to erroneous interpretation of data. At this site, although CHC concentrations were high, the consistent ratio of the two main components of the plume (tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene) provided evidence of movement in the aqueous phase rather than in dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL). 相似文献
144.
Evolution from Oceanic Subduction to Continental Collision: a Case Study from the Northern Tibetan Plateau Based on Geochemical and Geochronological Data 总被引:41,自引:0,他引:41
SONG SHUGUANG; ZHANG LIFEI; NIU YAOLING; SU LI; SONG BIAO; LIU DUNYI 《Journal of Petrology》2006,47(3):435-455
Two apparently distinct, sub-parallel, paleo-subduction zonescan be recognized along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau:the North Qilian Suture Zone (oceanic-type) with ophioliticmélanges and high-pressure eclogites and blueschistsin the north, and the North Qaidam Belt (continental-type) inthe south, an ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic terrane comprisingpelitic and granitic gneisses, eclogites and garnet peridotites.Eclogites from both belts have protoliths broadly similar tomid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) or oceanic island basalts (OIB)in composition with overlapping metamorphic ages (480440Ma, with weighted mean ages of 464 ± 6 Ma for North Qilianand 457 ± 7 Ma for North Qaidam), determined by zirconUPb sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe dating.Coesite-bearing zircon grains in pelitic gneisses from the NorthQaidam UHP Belt yield a peak metamorphic age of 423 ±6 Ma, 40 Myr younger than the age of eclogite formation, anda retrograde age of 403 ± 9 Ma. These data, combinedwith regional relationships, allow us to infer that these twoparallel belts may represent an evolutionary sequence from oceanicsubduction to continental collision, and continental underthrusting,to final exhumation. The QilianQaidam Craton was probablya fragment of the Rodinia supercontinent with a passive marginand extended oceanic lithosphere in the north, which was subductedbeneath the North China Craton to depths >100 km at c. 423Ma and exhumed at c. 403 Ma (zircon rim ages in pelitic gneiss). KEY WORDS: HP and UHP rocks; subduction belts; zircon SHRIMP ages; Northern Tibetan Plateau 相似文献
145.
关于角平分线法建立线状缓冲区算法的改进 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了用对角平分线法建立缓冲区的算法,提出了一种新的求角平分线和缓冲点的方法,实践证明其在算法实现方面是可行的,而且效果比较理想。 相似文献
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149.
本文论证了58T市独立坐标系与87T市独立坐标系的区别,使用T市扩建二等GPS网的平差成果,给出了87T市独立坐标系精确变换到1954北京坐标系的方法与参数。 相似文献
150.
大别造山带地壳泊松比结构与超高压变质带—来自宽角反射与近垂直反射剖面的启示 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
综合宽角反射、近垂直反射的探测结果和有关地质资料,对大别造山带地壳结构和超高压变质带研究显示:大别造山带地壳具有层块结构特征。沿安义-庄墓剖面,上地壳有7个弹性块体,中地壳有5个,下地壳有4个。扬子与华北地块的主缝合带是超高压变质带,扬子地块与大别造山带的现今分界线是与郯庐断裂相交的太湖-马庙断裂,磨子潭-晓天断裂是大别造山带的北界,北淮阳构造带呈楔状向下插入,它与华北地块的分界是肥中断裂。郯庐断裂在中、上地壳近于直立,下地壳向西倾斜。超高压变质带的厚度为5-7km,产状向北插入到北大别块体之下,折返过程是构造就位,不是大别山的均匀抬升,折返的主运动面是水吼-五河高温剪切带。 相似文献