Rapid source inversions of the 2023 SE Türkiye earthquakes with teleseismic and strong-motion data

We conducted rapid inversions of rupture process for the 2023 earthquake doublet occurred in SE Türkiye, the first with a magnitude of M_W7.8 and the second with a magnitude of M_W7.6, using teleseismic and strong-motion data. The teleseismic rupture models of the both events were obtained approximately 88 and 55 minutes after their occurrences, respectively. The rupture models indicated that the first event was an asymmetric bilateral event with ruptures mainly propagating t...     

牟氏角毛藻对对虾育苗水质及抗逆性的影响

在凡纳滨对虾((Litopenaeus vannamei)育苗水体中引入不同浓度的牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri),检测主要水质因子,测定凡纳滨对虾对主要环境因子抗逆性,研究微藻对水质和凡纳滨对虾抗逆性的影响。结果表明,不同浓度牟氏角毛藻可明显改善对虾育苗水体的水质,提高幼虾的抗逆性(P<0.05)。牟氏角毛藻浓度为0.6×108～1×108/L时,实验组氨氮含量比对照组降低37.29%～46.32%,亚硝酸氮含量降低48.65%～62.70%,化学耗氧量(COD)值降低9.99%～12.19%;实验组育苗成活率达78.7%～84.0%,对照组育苗成活率46.0%;在氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硫化氢、甲醛抗逆性实验中,实验组幼虾成活率分别为75%～80%、75%、75%～85%、65%～70%,均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。     

北天山乌鲁木齐河流域面积-高程积分及其地貌意义

定量构造地貌研究有助于理解构造与地表过程之间的耦合关系及其对地形地貌发育的影响,数字高程模型(DEM)和地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析技术的结合为开展这方面的研究提供了新途径.利用这一方法,对北天山乌鲁木齐河流域进行地貌计量指标的综合分析.构造上,乌鲁木齐河流域分为山前坳陷区、南山隆起带、后峡断陷带以及天山主脉等构造分区.本文首先分析了DEM数据精度、流域面积与空间分布特征对面积-高程积分的潜在影响,根据分析结果,选择合适的面积阈值对乌鲁木齐河流域开展面积-高程积分分析,进一步结合高程频率分布特征探讨该流域地形地貌演化特征.结果表明,1)面积-高程积分受DEM数据精度的影响不显著,但其具有明显的流域面积和空间依赖性;2)基于面积-高程积分分析,乌鲁木齐河流域各构造分区的地貌演化阶段存在差异,除后峡断陷带地貌演化趋于老年阶段外,其余均处于壮年演化阶段;3)各构造分区平均高程频率分布状态表明,山前坳陷区、南山隆起带和天山主脉地形目前均处于前均衡—均衡状态演化阶段,后峡断陷带地形则为后均衡演化阶段.     

地幔过渡带和下地幔组成与深部热源研究进展

受时空不可及性的制约,地质学家在探究地球深部物质组成方面仍显得很被动,尤其是在探究地幔物质组成方面显得更加艰难.目前,科学家们探测地幔物质主要依靠地球物理学和实验矿物学、岩石学方法相结合的手段来进行.结果表明,地幔过渡带主要的矿物组成有瓦士利石、林伍德石、超硅石榴子石以及少量的CaSiO3.下地幔主要矿物组成有钙钛矿(Pv)、后钙钛矿(PPv)和镁方铁矿(Mw).在讨论过渡带和下地幔物质组成的基础上,归纳总结了地球内部热源的三种来源,分别是放射性元素的衰变热和初始熔融硅酸盐地球长期冷却放出的热、核幔边界在地磁场和高电导率物质的作用下产生的热以及来自地核的热.这些结论对研究地球深部动力学和热力学过程有重要意义.     

渤海海域旅大油田储层展布特征新认识

渤海海域旅大油田油水井注采实践表明,北东—北北东方向注采井网为优势受效方向,这与储层砂体呈北西—南东向展布的以往认识相矛盾。具右旋走滑性质的辽西一号断层由分段的弧形断层相接而成,构造转换带控制了油田储层展布,这一认识获得了地震属性、重矿物分析的支持。重新编制了主要油组的沉积体系图。旅大油田的储层展布方向为北东—北北东向,这一新认识对储层精细描述、水淹规律分析及剩余油挖潜等具有一定指导意义。     

天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水可培养细菌生理生化特性及其系统发育

对天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川末端融水细菌进行分离,检测了分离菌株的生理生化表型特征,通过16S rRNA基因序列分析确定分离菌株的系统进化地位.结果表明:天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水中分离的36株代表菌株分属于5个系统发育类群、8个属,其中,Bacteroidetes和γ-Proteobacteria为优势类群,分别占41.7%和38.9%;在属水平上,假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)菌株占39%.依据菌株最适生长温度,36株分离菌株80%以上属于耐冷菌;产酶实验显示,大多数菌株同时产蛋白酶和脂肪酶,仅3株菌不产酶,6株菌同时产脂肪酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶.耐药性试验表明,36株分离菌株对各种抗生素有不同程度的耐药,其中,7株菌对测试的10种抗生素均具有耐药性.研究结果将有助于了解天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川微生物物种多样性、生理多样性,同时为评估气候变化、人类活动对冰川微生物生理特性潜在的影响提供依据.     

陇晋地震相关性及其内在联系初步探讨

通过对现今和历史地震资料的分析研究可以看出:甘肃和山西两地地震存在着较好的相关性。这种相关性的内在联系可能依赖于它们共同所处的地质构造背景—祁连山、吕梁山、贺兰山的"山"字型活动构造体系,可能是欧亚板块东南部在印度洋板块向北俯冲作用力和太平洋板块向西挤压作用力的共同影响下,该活动构造体系产生的一种应激响应。     

Carbon storage and vertical distribution in three shrubland communities in Gurbantünggüt Desert, Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang, Northwest China

This study was carried out in the Gurbantünggüt Desert,Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang,Northwest China in August,2009.To quantify the storage,contribution and vertical distribution patterns of plant biomass carbon (PBC)and soil organic carbon(SOC)in the study area,we investigated the carbon concentrations and its vertical distribution in three different desert shrubland communities dominated by Reaumuria soongorica,Haloxylon ammodendron+R.soongorica and Tamarix ramosissima+R.soongorica,respectively.We analyzed vertical distribution of root biomass carbon and soil carbon contents by excavating soil profiles for each dominated community.The results show that SOC is considerably the larger carbon pool in the soil layers of 1.0-3.0 m(the mean value of three shrubland communities is 38.46%)and 3.0-5.0 m(the mean value is 40.24%).In contrast,70.74%of belowground biomass carbon storage in 0-1.0 m layer,and its content decrease with increasing soil depth.The Haloxylon ammodendron+R. soongorica shrubland community has the highest belowground biomass carbon among three selected communities. This study highlights the importance of SOC stored in deep soil layers(lower than 3.0 m from the surface)in arid shrubland communities in the global carbon balance.In addition,it provides the data support for revealing deep soil solid carbon potential,and offers scientific basis for the further research in the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystem.     

Isolation and Characterization of Pathogenic Listonella anguillarum of Diseased Haft-Smooth Tongue Sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther）

Studies were conducted to determine the cause of the acute mortality of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther juveniles in a fish farm in Jimo, Shandong Province, China, in June 2006. Gross signs of the diseased tongue sole included several petechiae and ecchymoses on the body and fin necrosis and hemorrhagic lesion at the base of the fin. Bacteria were isolated from kidney, liver and hemorrhagic lesions of the diseased tongue sole. Among 14 strains, SJ060621 was proved to be highly virulent to juvenile tongue sole with LD50 value of 〈1.0×10^5 colony forming units （CFU）mL^-1, while the remaining 13 were avirulent. Among the 16 antibiotics tested, SJ060621 was sensitive to gentamicin and nitrofurantoin. It was identified as Listonella anguillantm with conventional plate and tube tests in combination with API 20E analysis. 16S rRNA gene and partial HSP60 gene sequenceing analysis revealed that the strain was highly homologous with L. anguillarum. Examination of the infected musculature by electron microscopy indicated numerous bacteria and lots of macrophages containing phagocytosed bacteria. Histopathological investigations revealed severe necrotic degenerative changes in the infected organs. Indirect immunofluorescence assay （IFA） was employed to detect the location of occurrence of bacteria, and bacteria were found in aggregations in the inflammatory areas in musculature.     

三峡库区仙女山和九畹溪断裂带水库地震变化规律

三峡库区蓄水以来,长江周边出现了大量的水库地震,主要集中于巴东—泄滩—仙女山区域,目前已达上万次,最大震级为5.1级。通过野外地质调查及对已有水库地震数据进行研究,采用构造地质分析方法,对三峡库区仙女山和九畹溪断裂带水库地震空间上的迁移规律、时间上的周期规律以及微地震群的成因机理进行分析。结果表明：从时间上看,水库地震具有周期性,表现为长周期（与库水位相关）和短周期（与库水位快速波动相关）;从空间上看,水库地震具有迁移规律,受九畹溪断裂控制的触发型水库地震存在着逐渐向南迁移的特征,受仙女山断裂控制的触发型水库地震局限分布于仙女山断裂北延端点处,分布于仙女山断裂西侧（周坪乡附近）带状分布的水库诱发地震逐渐呈点状向南迁移。