全文获取类型
收费全文 | 149篇 |
免费 | 14篇 |
国内免费 | 23篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 5篇 |
大气科学 | 72篇 |
地球物理 | 21篇 |
地质学 | 32篇 |
海洋学 | 29篇 |
天文学 | 4篇 |
综合类 | 15篇 |
自然地理 | 8篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 3篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 12篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 10篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2005年 | 16篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 5篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有186条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
A technique was developed to measure stable carbon isotope ratios (13C/12C) of light volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as isoprene, methacrolein (MACR) and methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) using gas
chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GCC-IRMS). An automated sampling and cryofocussing system allowed
for the extraction of VOCs from air samples of up to 140 L of air collected over 3 h, and the subsequent 13C/12C analysis of the VOCs by GCC-IRMS. Chromatography using selective transfer between two columns was used to improve the separation
for selected compounds, increasing peak resolution and attaining less noisy baselines. Still, some target compounds could
not be completely separated from co-eluting peaks. To reduce the bias of isotope ratio determinations, which can result from
incomplete peak resolution, a peak-fitting procedure has been developed. In cases of overlapping peaks or substantial baseline
drift, this peak fitting allows more accurate determination of isotope ratios than conventional integration schemes. Comparisons
between off-line IRMS measurements and a peak-evaluation procedure using a prepared VOC gas-phase standard show that isotope
ratios derived from large (>1 ng of carbon per peak) and well-resolved peaks have a reproducibility of ±0.3‰. With smaller
masses in the range of 0.1–1 ng of carbon, reproducibility decreased to ±(0.5–0.8)‰. For a 140 L sample of air, such small
masses of carbon correspond to mixing ratios in the low pptV range. The developed measurement technique was applied to a small
set of ambient air samples taken during hot, sunny periods from late May to early August, 2005, at Forschungszentrum Jülich,
Germany, a semi-rural area. The range of δ13C values determined for isoprene, benzene, and toluene are consistent with those reported in the literature. GCC-IRMS results
of δ13C for ambient samples of isoprene, MACR, and MVK, measured at mixing ratios of 15–280 pptV, are presented and discussed. 相似文献
22.
Colom P. Gérard E. Crovisier J. Bockelé-Morvan D. Biver N. Rauer H. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1997,78(1-3):37-43
We present OH 18-cm observations of comet Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1) at the Nançay radio telescope. On nucleus and offset position observations allowed us to obtain both OH production rates and quenching radii. The maximum OH production rate was reached around perihelion, at about1031 s-1. 相似文献
23.
Urban Atmospheric Chemistry During the PUMA Campaign 2: Radical Budgets for OH,HO<Subscript>2</Subscript> and RO<Subscript>2</Subscript> 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K.?M.?Emmerson N.?CarslawEmail author M.?J.?Pilling 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2005,52(2):165-183
A detailed photochemical box model was used to investigate the key reaction pathways between OH, HO2 and RO2 radicals during the summer and winter PUMA field campaigns in the urban city-centre of Birmingham in the UK. The model employed
the most recent version of the Master Chemical Mechanism and was constrained to 15-minute average measurements of long-lived
species determined in situ at the site. The results showed that in the summer, OH initiation was dominated by the reactions of ozone with alkenes, nitrous
acid (HONO) photolysis and the reaction of excited oxygen atoms atoms with water. In the winter, ozone+alkene reactions were
the primary initiation route, with a minor contribution from HONO photolysis. Photolysis of aldehydes was the main initiation
route for HO2, in both summer and winter. RO2 initiation was dominated by the photolysis of aldehydes in the summer with a smaller contribution from ozone+alkenes, a situation
that was reversed in the winter. At night, ozone+alkene reactions were the main radical source. Termination, under all conditions,
primarily involved reactions with NO (OH) and NO2 (OH and RCO3). These results demonstrate the importance of ozone+alkene reactions in urban atmospheres, particularly when photolysis reactions
were less important during winter and at nighttime. The implications for urban atmospheric chemistry are discussed. 相似文献
24.
A Laser-induced Fluorescence Instrument for Detecting Tropospheric OH and HO2: Characteristics and Calibration 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
25.
以Ti(OC4H9)4和SnCl4.5H2O为原料,乙醇为溶剂,离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基四氟硼酸咪唑盐([Bmim][BF4])为表面活性剂,12%的氨水为沉淀剂,采用共沉淀法合成了不同形态的掺杂锡的二氧化钛。利用X-射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、同步热分析仪(TG-DSC)、紫外—可见吸收光谱仪(UV-Vis)、比表面积孔隙度分析仪(BET)和能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDS)表征所合成材料的结构、形貌、热稳定性、光学性能、比表面积。Sn掺杂后各样品在紫外和可见光区的吸收能力均有不同程度地增强。与未掺杂TiO2的吸收带边相比,Sn掺杂TiO2的吸收带边分别红移了约35 nm,从而提高了光催化降解甲基橙的活性。为了评估产品的光催化性能,进行了掺杂锡的纳米二氧化钛对甲基橙的光催化降解实验,实验结果表明在2 mL离子液体中合成掺杂锡为7%的纳米二氧化钛对甲基橙的光降解具有最好的催化作用。光照90 min对甲基橙的降解率就达到了97%以上,大幅度提高了TiO2的可见光催化活性,这是因为有效抑制了光生电子和空穴的复合,也明显降低了TiO2的禁带宽度。 相似文献
26.
Mark J. Nilges Yuanming Pan Rudolf I. Mashkovtsev 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2009,36(2):61-73
The X- and W-band single-crystal electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of an electron-irradiated natural quartz permit quantitative
analysis of a 29Si hyperfine structure (A ~12.6 MHz) and an 27Al hyperfine structure (A ≤ 0.8 MHz) for a previously reported hole-like center. The 29Si hyperfine structure arises from interaction with two equivalent Si atoms and is characterized by the direction of the unique
A axis close to a Si–O bond direction. The 27Al hyperfine structure, confirmed by pulsed electron nuclear double resonance and electron spin echo envelope modulation spectra,
is characterized by the unique A axis approximately along a twofold symmetry axis. These 29Si and 27Al hyperfine data, together with published theoretical results on peroxy radicals in SiO2 as well as our own density functional theory (DFT) calculations on model peroxy centers, suggest this hole-like center to
have the unpaired spin on a pair of oxygen atoms linked to two symmetrically equivalent Si atoms and a substitutional Al3+ ion across the c-axis channel, a first peroxy radical in quartz. The nuclear quadrupole matrix P also suggests that the Al3+ ion corresponds closely to the diamagnetic precursor to the [AlO4]0 center.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
27.
提出了一种级联控制算法解决多无人艇(USVs)系统的分布式轨迹跟踪问题.这种控制算法可以分为两层:第一层是基于采样信息的分布式估计器,主要用于估计领航者的期望轨迹;第二层是每个无人艇的本地控制器,主要是结合滑模控制与神经网络径向基函数,在系统具有欠驱动、参数不确定性和扰动等因素的情况下,使其状态跟踪期望轨迹的本地估计值.为了求解上述跟踪控制问题,基于李雅普诺夫理论与级联系统理论,推导得到了所有无人艇位置状态收敛到期望轨迹的充分条件,并通过仿真结果验证了所提出控制方法的有效性与正确性. 相似文献
28.
29.
30.
The photochemical oxidation of SO2 in the presence of NO and C3H6 was studied in a 18.2 liter pyrex reactor. When light intensity, irradiation time and SO2 concentration were constant, SO4
2- concentration, derived from the total volume of aerosol produced, peaked when [C3H6]/[NO] was approximately 6.0. Another increase im SO4
2- formation was reached at very high ratios (>50). The experimental observations are consistent with the two SO2 oxidation mechanisms. At low [C3H6]/[NO] ratios, the processes proceed via the HO–SO2 reaction, while at high ratios the O3–C3H6 adduct is assumed to oxidize SO2 to produce SO4
2- aerosols. 相似文献