后危机时代矿产品价格趋势分析

通过对近50年来石油、铜、铝、镍价格变化趋势分析, 总结了矿产品价格长周期变化规律: 不变价格呈周期性下降趋势, 现价价格呈台阶状上升趋势。铜、铝、镍不变价格的绝对下降反映了人类技术进步带来生产效率的不断提高, 而石油不变价格的上升反映了资源稀缺程度对石油价格的重要影响; 由资源稀缺性决定的资源性商品的生产效率难以与其他商品生产效率同步提高, 必然以现价价格阶段性上涨实现价格平衡。结合矿产品成本、供需趋势和市场体系分析, 判断后金融危机时代矿产品价格平台为: 石油60～80美元/桶、铜3500美元/吨、铝2100美元/吨、镍14000美元/吨。     

A geochemical survey of trace elements in agricultural and non-agricultural topsoil in Dexing area,China

In China, soil pollution is very serious, which has jeopardized the ecology, food safety, the people's health, and even the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to investigate the soil pollution situation, a total of 874 agricultural and non-agricultural topsoil samples were collected from Dexing area, northeast of Jiangxi Province, China. The total elemental concentrations of 17 elements (As, Hg, Mo, Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ti, Pb, Fe, Ca, K, Si, Al, Mg, and Na) were determined. The geochemical background and threshold was predicted with the method of the median ± median absolute deviation (MAD). The agricultural soil median concentration of trace elements was similar to that of the non-agricultural soil. In contrast to Jiangxi soil background of trace elements, the geochemical background of the study area was obviously higher. The maps of the pollution indices for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Pb, Ti and Zn of non-agricultural soil and agricultural soils in the study area, showed that the highest level of pollution is distributed near and along the Lean River, especially in the neighboring and surrounding Dexing and Leping mining area.     

粤北诸广矿区碱交代岩岩石化学和矿物化学特征及其与铀成矿关系

诸广矿区与铀矿化关系密切的碱交代作用广泛发育,碱交代岩与围岩(正常花岗岩)对比,Na2O、K2O明显增高,Al2O3、Fe2O3也增高;SiO2明显降低,FeO、MgO、CaO也降低,表明K2O和Na2O被带入。矿物化学成分分析得出诸广碱交代岩的长石主要为钠长石与钾长石;绿泥石主要属铁镁绿泥石和蠕绿泥石;黄铁矿有的含铀量较高,据Fe/S值属硫亏损型,据S/Se值属岩浆热液矿床范畴;云母属白云母及少量铁白云母;铀矿物和含铀矿物的UO2含量以沥青铀矿较高,钍石较低,铀矿石的蚀变矿物和造岩矿物有的也含微量铀。碱交代作用既释放矿质又为矿质沉淀创造空间,碱交代岩既提供铀源又是一种有利的成矿围岩。     

影响国际矿产资源开发的主要因素

影响中国企业开发国际矿产资源的主要因素包括项目所在国资源/储量标准、法律法规、许可获得、地方关系等。国际矿产资源开发项目所在国的社会制度和文化等与中国有很大的差异,决定了这些因素也与中国有很大的不同之处,研究和熟悉这些因素,有利于中国企业成功开发海外矿产资源。本文通过对这些因素的分析,提出国际资源开发中需要注意的一些事项和建议。     

基于GIS的地质项目管理系统研究与实现——以战略性矿产远景调查专项项目管理系统为例

GIS在空间信息表达和管理方面有很强的优势,目前已广泛应用于社会各领域。地质项目管理是国家地质专项开展实施的重要工作,本文以战略性矿产远景调查专项项目管理系统建设为例,分析了战略性矿产远景调查专项项目管理的特点,提出了将地理信息技术应用于战略性矿产远景调查专项管理的方案,以综合管理地质项目的属性信息和空间信息。在此基础上,笔者对研发的战略性矿产专项项目管理系统进行了介绍。     

胶质芽孢杆菌胞外多糖在肥料矿物分解转化中的作用

本文探讨了胶质芽孢杆菌胞外多糖在细菌分解转化矿物过程中的作用。将事先提取的胞外粗多糖按一定浓度梯度与矿粉混合,24 h后再次提取多糖称重,证实多糖与矿粉颗粒之间的吸附现象。计算结果表明,矿粉对多糖的吸附随多糖量的增加而呈较明显的增长,之后增幅逐渐趋于平缓。在无氮培养基中添加不同种类矿粉培养细菌,然后分别提取粗多糖和较纯多糖,发现矿物种类对胶质芽孢杆菌多糖的分泌有显著影响。添加含有细菌所需矿质养料的矿粉在培养液中,胞外多糖含量相对增高,说明细菌分泌胞外多糖受到矿物化学组成的影响,即细菌胞外多糖的产生与它们对矿物养料的需求和矿物的风化过程有密切联系。     

济南市落实矿产督察工作制度办法初探

该文结合济南市实际,对如何落实国土资源部、山东省国土资源厅矿产督察工作制度等情况进行了有益探索,总结了重组矿产督察员队伍后的做法、经验以及存在的不足;提出完善矿产督察员制度,及时总结经验,加强技术培训,完善基础资料整理的措施。为进一步提高济南市矿产资源规范化管理水平作出了有益的探索。     

东平县矿产资源管理探讨

从东平县矿产资源的勘查开发历史、资源保有现状、勘查开发及矿政管理中存在的问题入手,进一步探讨了加强矿产资源储量管理的问题。矿产资源的有限性和分布不均匀性,决定了矿产资源的开发利用是有限的。如果不合理开发利用,必然会造成矿产资源衰竭和矿山生态环境恶化,使矿产资源与经济发展及环境保护之间的矛盾加剧。     

双频激电法在云南新发地区的应用

经过在测区进行双频中梯测量,圈定了4个激电异常,综合测区岩石的电性、物性特征,对异常进行了推断和解释。根据所测量的视幅频率和视电阻率结果分析,双频激电法完适应于云南地形起伏较大的地区,并能取得良好的地质效果。     

Evaluation of a Quality Control Monitor Material for the Routine Electron Probe Microanalysis of Kimberlite Exploration Garnets

Election probe microanalysis of indicator minerals is extensively used in the exploration for kimberlite deposits, the evaluation of specific kimberlite occurrences for their diamond bearing potential and to classify grains into different chemical and lithological mantle associations. Kimberlite exploration programmes can involve several tens of thousands of indicator mineral analyses. Procedures for monitoring data quality and consistency of analyses across large data sets are commonly absent. Suitable monitor minerals should be used to verify the data quality of kimberlite exploration and evaluation data sets. This material should have a suitable composition, be homogenous, be available in sufficient quantities and have a similar appearance to the unknown samples. Garnet P1, a megacryst garnet from the Premier kimberlite, was found to have a suitable composition as a monitor for kimberlite garnet analyses. Data were collected on the monitor material at regular intervals during routine analyses, over an extended period, both as a fixed grain mounted on the sample holder and as separate grains set within batches of routine samples. The data were evaluated to assess the quality and consistency in the analyses of large data sets over time. The monitor material was also analysed at independent laboratories using their routine analytical set-up and calibration procedures for comparative purposes. Values are given for the mean ± 2s range, which can serve as guide values for acceptable analyses for all elements.