考虑发电机尾流作用的潮流能理论可开发量的评估

In this study, we construct one 2–dimensional tidal simulation, using an unstructured Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model(FVCOM). In the 2–D model, we simulated the tidal turbines through adding additional bottom drag in the element where the tidal turbines reside. The additional bottom drag was calculated from the relationship of the bottom friction dissipation and the rated rotor efficiency of the tidal energy turbine. This study analyzed the effect of the tidal energy turbine to the hydrodynamic environment, and calculated the amount of the extractable tidal energy resource at the Guishan Hangmen Channel, considering the rotor wake effect.     

0917号台风“芭玛”折向东南向移动原因分析

利用NCEP全球数据同化系统(GDAS)1°×1°分析资料,对0917号台风"芭玛"折向东南向移动原因进行了分析。结果表明,中高纬度环流调整是"芭玛"折向东南向移动的根本原因;0918号台风"茉莉"通过改变外围环境场的强度、形状对"芭玛"台风产生间接影响,而两台风之间逆时针互旋以及台风"茉莉"外围强大的环流对台风"芭玛"的直接作用是台风"芭玛"折向东南向移动的关键。对台风"芭玛"经纬向UV最大风速变化诊断分析表明,"芭玛"经纬向UV最大风速中心的转移对"芭玛"折向东南向移动有重要影响,经纬向UV最大风速差的变化对"芭玛"转向具有预示作用,经纬向最大风速差的合成风方向与台风中心未来移动方向有一定的关系。     

快速滤波本征模态函数分解中的边界处理

针对快速滤波分解信号为本征模态函数(IMF)所产生的边界效应问题,提出了一种抑制这种边界效应的方法。即利用快速滤波先将原信号分解为本征模态函数,然后在信号内部截取适当的两段分别延拓到原信号两端,经快速滤波得到分解结果后,再截去延拓的部分,保留原信号长度的分解结果。通过实例验证了该方法的有效性。     

不同刚度植物杆群对规则波传播及紊动特性影响研究

以不同刚度硅胶圆杆群为概化植物模型,测定其抗弯弹性模量,通过波浪水槽实验,研究规则波在不同刚度植物杆群内的流速分布、紊动特征及不同刚度杆群的消浪效果。实验结果表明,当波浪通过柔性杆群时,受其摆动的影响,流速周期变化从单峰型逐渐转变成双峰型,杆群刚度越小形成的二次波峰越明显;不同刚度杆群内水体紊动强度变化显示,杆群刚度越大,造成杆群内水体的紊动强度越大;随着杆群抗弯弹性模量的增大,其消浪系数也增大,消浪系数的增长与材料的抗弯弹性模量值非线性关系,而是在某一弹性模量范围内,对消浪系数的影响较为敏感。     

吡啶硫酮类防污剂对华美盘管虫早期不同发育阶段的毒性效应研究

以中国南海常见的多毛类——华美盘管虫(Hydroides elegans)作为受试生物,分别研究了吡啶硫酮铜和吡啶硫酮锌对早期不同发育阶段的华美盘管虫的急性毒理效应。发现暴露于吡啶硫酮铜的华美盘管虫精子和卵子的受精半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为19.49μg/L和88.44μg/L,担轮幼虫24 h半数致死浓度(24h-LC50)和48 h半数致死浓度(48h-LC50)分别为7.35μg/L和5.00μg/L,后担轮幼虫24h-LC50和48h-LC50分别为8.57μg/L和5.87μg/L;暴露于吡啶硫酮锌的华美盘管虫精子和卵子的受精IC50分别为36.74μg/L和159.59μg/L,担轮幼虫24 h-LC50和48 h-LC50分别为8.57μg/L和6.67μg/L,后担轮幼虫24 h-LC50和48 h-LC50分别为12.03μg/L和8.07μg/L。表明华美盘管虫早期发育的不同阶段对吡啶硫酮铜和吡啶硫酮锌的敏感性表现出一定差异,与配子受精率和后担轮幼虫的毒性反应相比,担轮幼虫对吡啶硫酮铜和吡啶硫酮锌的毒性表现出较高的敏感性;而且,对吡啶硫酮铜的敏感性普遍高于吡啶硫酮锌。     

中国北方砂栖纤毛虫的空间分布及其驱动因素

为深入了解不同地理尺度因素对驱动微型生物群落空间结构的相对影响,本研究于2020年10月调查了中国北方14个砂质潮间带的砂栖纤毛虫群落。研究结果如下：（1）检获纤毛虫105种,隶属26目65属,按丰度优势依次为帆口目、小胸目和环毛目;（2）黄海、渤海两区域的环境因子存在显著差异,但纤毛虫群落组成趋于相似;（3）偏Mental分析显示,环境条件较空间距离在纤毛虫群落组成的驱动中更为重要,其中盐度、粒度和海滩坡度是解释纤毛虫空间分布的最优环境因子组合,而潮差和溶解无机氮含量是次要影响因子;（4）沿海区域微型生物的强扩散效应在一定程度上掩盖了环境异质性影响。综上,由于沿海生态系统中微型生物受到更少扩散限制,在空间分布格局的形成上,环境条件的影响比空间距离更重要。本研究为海洋微型生物地理学提供了基础数据,有助于在全球变化背景下制定沙滩管理和保护规划。     

The 2020/21 Extremely Cold Winter in China Influenced by the Synergistic Effect of La Niña and Warm Arctic

In the first half of winter 2020/21,China has experienced an extremely cold period across both northern and southern regions,with record-breaking low temperatures set in many stations of China.Meanwhile,a moderate La Ni?a event which exceeded both oceanic and atmospheric thresholds began in August 2020 and in a few months developed into its mature phase,just prior to the 2020/21 winter.In this report,the mid?high-latitude large-scale atmospheric circulation anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere,which were forced by the negative phase of Arctic Oscillation,a strengthened Siberian High,an intensified Ural High and a deepened East Asian Trough,are considered to be the direct reason for the frequent cold surges in winter 2020/21.At the same time,the synergistic effect of the warm Arctic and the cold tropical Pacific(La Ni?a)provided an indispensable background,at a hemispheric scale,to intensify the atmospheric circulation anomalies in middle-to-high latitudes.In the end,a most recent La Ni?a prediction is provided and the on-coming evolution of climate is discussed for the remaining part of the 2020/21 winter for the purpose of future decision-making and early warning.     

Experimental study of the breaking limit of multi-directional random waves passing over an impermeable submerged breakwater

This study investigates experimentally the breaking wave height of multi-directional random waves passing over an impermeable submerged breakwater. Experiments have been conducted in a three-dimensional wave basin equipped with a multi-directional random wave generator. A special type of wave gauge has been newly devised to record the water surface elevations in the breaker zone as accurately as possible. The records are analyzed to estimate the location and limit of wave breaking. Comparisons have also been made with the results of regular waves. The influence of the incident wave conditions on the breaking wave height normalized by the breakwater dimensions has been investigated. Empirical formulae have been presented to estimate the breaking limit of multi-directional random waves based on the experimental records. The formulae have been tested and found to work well not only for multi-directional random waves, but for regular waves as well.     

新疆小热泉子铜矿物探异常特征及找矿效果

通过在小热泉子矿床开展高精度重力、激发极化面积性测量和高密度相位激电测深,对其物探异常特征进行分析解释,推断异常性质.经钻探工程验证,发现矿体与中高剩余重力、高极化率、中低电阻和高(负值)视相位异常对应较好.     

地形与流对水平无旋浅水波的影响

本文在水平无旋及Boussinesq假设之下,导出了水面变化与水平速度场耦合方程组,以及相应的压力与垂向速度解析表示式。通过数值方法求得水面变化及某一特定水深的水平速度分布之后,压力分布及其余水深的速度分布即可由简单计算得到。由色散关系式可知,不同水深的长波色散关系在O(ε)近似之下是等同的。粘性的存在会使波高随时间的增加而衰减,但粘性与底斜率的耦合又可能使波高增长,形成不稳定;计算及分析说明,当同向流增大时,波速增大,波长增大,波高会增加;而水深减少,使波速减少,波长缩短,振幅增加。