西昆仑山大红柳滩断裂一线的新生代熔岩被及其地质意义

沿西昆仑山大红柳滩断裂有三处新生代溶岩被,其岩性主要为中—基性喷出岩,形成时代分别为上新世及晚更新世.火山机体呈串珠状沿断裂展布,属陆相中心式喷发类型.各处的喷发次数、喷发强度、喷发性质、岩石化学特征既有共同的特点,也有明显的差异.这些特征与康西瓦深断裂东段的乌鲁克库勒地区及东昆仑南缘深断裂的黑石湖、鲸鱼湖地区的新生代火山活动特征完全可以对比.新生代以来,由于印度板块与欧亚板块强烈碰撞,使青藏高原急剧抬升,高原内部构造进一步复杂化,同时,使大红柳滩断裂产生了近50km的水平位移,形成当今的状况.     

依连哈比尔尕山和博格达山中新生代隆升的时空分异:裂变径迹热年代学的证据

依连哈比尔尕山和博格达山同属于北天山构造带,它们的裂变径迹测年证据表明,依连哈比尔尕山于134 Ma～118 Ma开始隆升,中生代以来经历了5期隆升过程:134.1 Ma～118.6 Ma,68.2 Ma～65.5 Ma,37.1 Ma～36.2 Ma,23.8 Ma和9.8 Ma;博格达山于152 Ma～106 Ma开始隆升,中生代以来经历了4期隆升过程:152.3 Ma～106.3Ma.65 Ma.43.9 Ma～42.6 Ma和25 Ma.博格达山磷灰石裂变径迹年龄与样品高程具正相关性,依连哈比尔尕山磷灰石裂变径迹年龄与样品高程具负相关性.中新生代隆升年代学及隆升机制在区域小尺度上具有明显的差异.对比北天山中尺度以及整个天山大尺度上中新生代、特别是65 Ma以来的隆升和演化在时间和空间上同样具有明显的分异性.导致这种时空分异的原因一方面是印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞的远程挤压效应的动力诱导,更主要的原因可能与天山造山带不同区域深部(地幔和地壳)特定条件下的差异性活动、热一流变学性质的差异性以及不同构造边界活动的差异性有关.     

Successor Characteristics of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Songliao Basins

The Songliao basin is a complex successor basin that was initiated in the Mesozoic and experienced multiple periods of reactivation. Based on seismic and drilling data, as well as regional geologic research, we suggest that the Songliao basin contains several different successor basins resting on top of Carboniferous-Permian folded strata forming the basement to the Songliao basin. These basins include the Triassic-Mid Jurassic Paleo-foreland basin, the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous downfaulted basin, and an early Cretaceous depressed basin （since the Denglouku Group）. This paper presents a systematic study of the basin-mountain interactions, and reveals that there are different types of prototype basin at different geologic times. These prototype basins sequentially superimposed and formed the large Songliao basin. Discovery of the Triassic-early Middle Jurassic paleo-foreland basin fills a Triassic-early Middle Jurassic gap in the geologic history of the Songliao basin. The paleo- foreland basin, downfaulted basin, and depressed thermal subsidence basin all together represent the whole Mesozoic-Cenozoic geologic history and deformation of the Songliao basin. Discovery of the Triassic-early Middle Jurassic paleo-foreland basin plays an important role both for deep natural gas exploration and the study of basin-mountain coupling in north China and eastern China in general. This example gives dramatic evidence that we should give much more attention to the polyphase tectonic evolution of related basins for the next phase of exploration and study.     

Structure Styles of Mesozoic-Cenozoic U-bearing Rock Series in Northern China

In Northern China, sandstone-type uranium (U) deposits are mostly developed in Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins. These U deposits are usually hosted in unvarying horizons within the basins and exhibit typical U-forming sedimentary associations, which is referred to as U-bearing rock series. This study describes the structural features of U-bearing rock series within the main Mesozoic-Cenozoic U-producing continental basins in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Russia in the western segment of the Central Asian Metallogenic Belt (CAMB), and Northern China in the eastern segment of the CAMB. We analyze the basic structural conditions and sedimentary environments of U-bearing rock series in Northern China and classify their structural styles in typical basins into river valley, basin margin, and intrabasin uplift margin types. The intrabasin uplift margin structural style proposed in this study can be used to indicate directions for the exploration of sandstone-type U deposits hosted in the center of a basin. At the same time, the study of structural style provides a new idea for exploring sandstone-type U deposits in Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins and it is of great significance to prospecting of sandstone-type uranium deposits.     

渤海湾盆地晚中生代以来伸展模式及动力学机制

通过分析盆地区大陆伸展模型参数、火成岩地球化学特征时空演化、岩石圈分层伸展几何学和运动学、应力场-变形场的匹配和演化,文章对渤海湾盆地晚中生代以来伸展断陷的动力学过程进行了系统讨论。晚中生代,盆地北、西部以变质核杂岩模式伸展,南、东部以宽裂陷模式伸展;在岩石圈伸展过程中,地壳变形方式为简单剪切,岩石圈地幔变形方式为纯剪切;盆地处于洋壳俯冲背景下弧后伸展区,盆地及西、北部隆起区岩石圈地幔为EM1型,而南、东部隆起区受扬子板块俯冲改造成类似EM2型;盆地变形的力源为板块相对运动产生的引张力,以及郯庐断裂的走滑作用。新生代,渤海湾盆地以窄裂陷模式伸展,地壳和岩石圈地幔变形方式均为纯剪,但岩石圈地幔伸展强度大于地壳;盆地处于大陆内裂谷环境,软流圈地幔上涌并改造岩石圈地幔,且盆地裂陷的力源以软流圈地幔上涌产生的引张力为主。     

台湾海峡两岸新生代地壳运动的对比

本文从第三系，第四系特别是全新世珊瑚礁，海滩岩，海相淤泥层等的分布，对比研究了海峡两岩的地壳运动特征。结果表明，台湾地区新生代以来地壳升降交替，海陆变迁频繁。地壳运动的幅度和速度，远远大于福建沿海地区；地震活动的强度和频度亦大大超过福建沿海地区。     

崂山花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄测定及其意义

采用锆石Ｕ—Ｐｂ稀释法对崂山花岗岩中石英二长岩，黑云二长花岗岩，正长花岗岩及碱性花岗岩４个单元的代表性岩体进行年龄测定。结果表明：其淡黄色透明状锆石的２０６Ｐｂ／２３８Ｕ表面年龄分别为１４６．８±０．８，１２６．２±０．８，１１３．０±０．９和１１０．８±０．９Ｍａ，代表岩石各自的结晶年龄；而正长花岗岩和碱性花岗岩中的红褐色半透明—不透明锆石，因曾遭受严重的晶格破坏和放射性成因铅丢失，表面年龄偏新，不具年代学意义     

伸展作用序列及其深部背景: 以晚中生代以来鲁西隆起和济阳坳陷为例

露头区野外地质调查、隐伏区地质与地球物理资料研究表明,晚中生代-新生代鲁西隆起区和济阳坳陷区正断层发育,包括陡倾斜的控凹边界断层和缓倾斜的滑脱断层两类,两者构成伸展滑脱半地堑,且滑脱构造在隆起北部和坳陷南部最发育。K Ar和FT测年结果指示伸展断层的发育时间为176~103 Ma、67～49 Ma和42～25 Ma 3个时期。隆起区、坳陷区陡断层分别在中地壳22 km 和15 km左右变平,成为拆离滑脱断层。构造物理模拟表明,在伸展＋塑性物质上涌机制下隆起区和坳陷区正断层均具有由南向北的发育极性,大致对应中侏罗世-早白垩世、古新世-早始新世、中始新世-渐新世3个发育阶段,且伴随控凹断层发育的同时,断块掀斜引起滑脱断层同步发育。层析成像表明中生代早期扬子板块沿作为转换断层的郯庐断裂以近EW向与华北板块俯冲的残留体可能导致晚中生代地幔物质上涌,新生代地幔上涌则可能与太平洋板块与欧亚板块俯冲及印欧板块碰撞的远程效应有关。研究区正断层受控于地幔物质上涌+伸展作用,以齐河-广饶断层为界呈前展式分别由南向北发育,并控制着坳陷区油气的形成、运聚和分布向北迁移。     

塔里木盆地东北地区早古生代牙形石色变指数与生油岩成熟度

塔里木盆地古生代的海相沉积都不同程度的发育和保存了具有一定生油能力的层段。下古生界油气潜量较大的有奥陶系、寒武系。判别生油岩成熟度的方法很多,用牙形石的色变指数（ＣＡＩ）来反映生油母质岩的成熟度就是其中之一。根据塔里木盆地东北部牙形石色变指数的大小。变化可判别生油岩的演化、成熟度、生成的温度。