中国东部中生代斑岩及其矿床同位素年代研究

中国东部中生代斑岩及其矿床同位素年龄研究表明,它们在时空分布上是与岩浆活动及构造运动的时空特征相呼应的。例如华南及长江中下游一带其时空分布与岩浆活动同步,由西向东逐渐变新。在东秦岭,斑岩的空间分布受东西构造控制,而时间演化上受北东向构造控制。本文还根据不同衰变系统封闭温度,讨论了成矿温度的上限。     

Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic ratios in groundwaters and river waters from India

A comprehensive set of measurements of oxygen and hydrogen isotopic ratios in groundwaters as well as waters from rivers, lakes, hot springs etc. taken from a variety of locations in India has been carried out for the first time. Isotopically the most depleted samples occur in the high altitude precipitations in the Himalayas e.g. in the lakes of Bhutan and the source water of the Ganga. The shallow groundwater data display a continental effect where the heavy isotope content decreases with distance from the coast (about 4 to 6 per mil decrease in δ¹⁸O per 1000 km). The δ D and δ¹⁸O of these fresh waters are linearly related and an analysis of this relation vis-a-vis the meteoric water line shows the unambiguous effect of enrichment due to evaporation from soils.     

地震活动的简化模型研究

大陆地震活动带的地震活动表现为平静和活跃相交替的轮回活动特征,各轮回中强震活动呈现出时间和空间上的迁移特征。为了探索这种活动特征的机制,本文试图用数值模型来探讨在统一构造应力场作用下的地震活动带的地震活动特征。模拟中的事件表现出类似于实际地震活动的一些特征,例如震级—频度关系和地震平静—活跃的交替特征等。如果把模型中元件上接近破裂强度的高应力值与前兆加以联系的话,我们发现模型中的前兆变化具有复杂性。模型中大事件的前兆并不是集中在未来大震的周围,而是在整个系统中大范围内出现。系统中前兆出现的程度与地震大小之间没有确定的对应关系。统计表明从前兆出现的范围只能估计出未来发生地震的上限值。     

陆相残余盆地的主要类型、特点及研究方法

根据我国中生代陆相盆地演化特征，认为陆相盆地不存在原始沉积盆地。陆相残余盆地的基本特征，具有空间上盆地面积大为缩小，地层遭受明显剥蚀，受后期改造而成。提出了两种基本类型和它们的沉积特点以及追踪物质来源、去改造层是恢复残余盆地的基本方法，并以古鄱阳湖中生代盆地为例。     

Mianlüe tectonic zone and Mianlüe suture zone on southern margin of Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt

The Mianlue tectonic zone (Mianlue zone), an ancient suture zone in addition to theShangdan suture in the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt, marks an important tectonic division geo-logically separating north from south and connecting east with west in China continent. To de-termine present structural geometry and kinematics in the Mianlue tectonic zone and to recon-struct the formation and evolution history involving plate subduction and collision in theQinling-Dabie orogenic belt, through a multidisciplinary study, are significant for exploring themountain-building orogenesis of the central orogenic system and the entire process of the majorChinese continental amalgamation during the Indosinian.     

Le jeu fini-Crétacé du front nord-pyrénéen aux environs de Cucugnan (Corbières méridionales,Aude, France)

The North-Pyrenean Front overthrust in northern direction was particularly active during the Upper Cretaceous, before the Upper Eocene tectonic renewal. Indeed, in the Eastern Pyrenees (Aude), ‘Garumnian’ (continental Upper Cretaceous–Palaeocene) formations lie transgressively upon the North-Pyrenean Triassic (Keuper) formation and upon the Albian beds of the Sub-Pyrenean Cucugnan slice. Relations between the North-Pyrenean Frontal Thrust and, to the northeast, the Corbières Nappe are discussed. To cite this article: A. Charrière, M. Durand-Delga, C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

岩石圈结构与大陆动力学

对1999年7月第22届IUGG大会以后的4年期内，中国地球物理研究在岩石圈结构和大陆动力学方面的主要进展作了简要评述．这些研究进展主要表现在以下几个方面:区域性岩石圈物性结构的研究，利用深地震测深剖面对地壳、上地幔速度结构的勘查，利用GPS观测研究大陆内部的现今运动和变形，青藏高原动力学研究，大别——苏鲁超高压变质带的地球物理勘查及动力学机理研究，沉积盆地的地球物理勘查及演化过程研究，以及板块动力学研究, 等等．      

变质岩区地震波速度的特点及其影响因素--以中国大陆科学钻探孔区为例

地震波速度是地震勘探中最重要的一个参数，而VSP测量是一种比较直接且行之有效的获取地震波速度的方法。文中结合中国大陆科学钻探工程预先导孔和先导孔的VSP速度分析成果，总结超高压变质岩地区地震波速度的主要特征；探讨影响变质岩地震波速度的因素。认为除密度和岩性外，变质作用的类型和强度是决定性因素，而变质期后和／或后期的各种构造地质作用对变质岩地震波速度的影响是显著的，但范围常常又是局部的。     

Continental dynamics and continental earthquakes

Two key research projects in geoscience field in China since the IUGG meeting in Birmingham in 1999, the pro-ject of“East Asian Continental Geodynamics“ and the project of“Mechanism and Prediction of Strong Continental Earthquakes“ are introduced in this paper. Some details of two projects, such as their sub-projects, some initial research results published are also given here. Because of the large magnitude of the November 14, 2001 Kunlun Mountain Pass Ms=8. 1 earthquake, in the third part of this paper, some initial research results are reviewed for the after-shock monitoring and the multi-discipline field survey, the impact and disaster of this earthquake on the con-struction site of Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) railway and some other infrastructure.