蛇绿混杂岩区1:5万填图工作方法研究 ——以云南省多条蛇绿混杂岩带的研究为例

近几年来,笔者依托大面积的1:5万区域地质调查及新一轮《云南省区域地质志》(第二版,修编)工作,梳理了云南省内存在10条蛇绿混杂岩带,通过对比研究,获得了一系列全新的认识.蛇绿混杂岩代表了地质历史时期已经消失了的古大洋残迹.古大洋受俯冲作用被压缩在板块之间,形成具有代表不同构造古地理单元、不同成因的岩石构造的异地堆垛体...     

雅鲁藏布江缝合带中段构造特征及成因模式新见解

雅鲁藏布江缝合带中的蛇绿岩在西藏南部不同地段,表现形式并不相同.通过对缝合带中段的构造特征及蛇绿岩组合特征的深入研究,认为印度板块的大陆地壳北缘具有特殊的波状弯曲的几何边界--东西两端为向北突出的犄角,构造结之间为向南突出的弧形边界.这种特殊的边界条件,在新特提斯洋俯冲碰撞过程中,新特提斯洋首先在突出结点处完成关闭,而...     

西藏措勤区一带蛇绿岩特征及其构造环境探讨

文章中所述范围囊括于西藏1∶25万措勤区幅内,处于雅鲁藏布江基性-超基性岩带—念青唐古拉岛弧岩浆带内。岩浆活动频繁,从侏罗纪到第四纪均有不同程度的岩浆活动。岩浆侵入活动主要发生在燕山期和喜马拉雅期,以中酸性岩占绝对优势,基性-超基性岩次之。区内基性-超基性岩属昂仁蛇绿岩的组成部分(以下称安巴蛇绿岩),此套岩类主要形成于洋脊,并具有向洋岛过渡的构造环境。其形成时代为晚白垩世早期。     

阿尔金—祁连—昆仑造山带早古生代构造格架及结晶岩年代学研究进展

阿尔金—祁连—昆仑(阿祁昆)造山带早古生代加里东期的构造事件一直是国内外研究的热点,近年来发表了大量的研究成果。本文着重调研了各造山带内构造混杂带的重要组成部分——蛇绿岩、岩浆岩和高压—超高压变质岩的地球化学特征,尤其是同位素年代学资料。蛇绿岩的地球化学特征表明阿尔金—祁连—昆仑地区早古生代的蛇绿岩有MORB和OIB两种类型,其产出于成熟的洋盆、小洋盆或是与消减带有关的弧前或弧后盆地,还有很大的争议。根据大量的同位素年代学资料,阿尔金—祁连—昆仑地区洋盆在晚新元古代开启,寒武纪发育成熟,于中—晚奥陶世开始发生俯冲消减作用,晚志留世—早泥盆世进入碰撞后伸展阶段。再者,通过同位素年代学数据对比,证明北阿尔金与北祁连、南阿尔金与柴达木北缘、西昆仑与东昆仑在早古生代分别为同一条构造带,于新生代期间被活动的阿尔金左行走滑断裂错开了400多千米。     

MOR型蛇绿岩中地幔橄榄岩的地质特征

地幔橄榄岩是指来自陆下、弧下或洋脊下的岩石圈地幔岩,通常通过构造侵位(冷侵位)的方式存在于造山带中,如造山带橄榄岩、蛇绿岩中的橄榄岩以及火山岩中的地幔橄榄岩等。本文选取了4个具有MOR型属性的蛇绿岩中地幔橄榄岩体,对比研究了其与深海橄榄岩在岩石学、地球化学、同位素地球化学和岩石成因等方面的特征,认为与深海橄榄岩性质的综合对比是识别MOR型蛇绿岩中地幔橄榄岩的有效方法之一,同时在蛇绿岩的分类中具有较好的参考价值。     

西藏泽当蛇绿岩玄武岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄 及其地质意义

雅鲁藏布江缝合带中各蛇绿岩体的准确定年对待提斯洋演化和青藏高原隆升的研究具有重要意义.泽当蛇绿岩是雅鲁藏布江缝合带东段最大的蛇绿岩块体,关于其形成年龄目前仍存在不同的认识.通过SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年得到蛇绿岩中玄武岩的形成年龄为154.9Ma±2.0Ma(95％置信度,MSWD=0.98).蛇绿岩中的玄武岩是洋脊扩张的产物,其形成年龄代表了扩张事件的时间,也代表了蛇绿岩的形成时代.结合已有的雅鲁藏布江缝合带蛇绿岩的形成年龄,该年龄进一步反映出雅鲁藏布江缝合带蛇绿岩形成时间具有东早西晚的特点.泽当蛇绿岩与含有埃达克质英云闪长岩的泽当岛弧火成岩基本为同期形成的.地球化学特征显示定年的玄武岩形成于俯冲带之上,且具有指示洋内俯冲环境的地球化学特征.因此,泽当SSZ型蛇绿岩可能形成于洋内俯冲机制.     

Geochemical characteristics and age of metamorphic sole rocks within a Neotethyan ophiolitic mélange from Konya region (central southern Turkey)

Palaeo- and Neo-Tethyan-related magmatic and metamorphic units crop out in Konya region in the south central Anatolia. The Neotethyan assemblage is characterized by mélange and ophiolitic units of Late Cretaceous age. They tectonically overlie the Middle Triassic–Upper Cretaceous neritic to pelagic carbonates of the Tauride platform. The metamorphic sole rocks within the Konya mélange crop out as thin slices beneath the sheared serpentinites and harzburgites. The rock types in the metamorphic sole are amphibolite, epidote-amphibolite, garnet-amphibole schist, plagioclase-amphibole schist, plagioclase-epidote-amphibole schist and quartz-amphibole schist. The geochemistry of the metamorphic sole rocks suggests that they were derived from the alkaline (seamount) and tholeiitic (E-MORB, IAT and boninitic type) magmatic rocks from the upper part of the Neotethyan oceanic crust. Four samples from the amphibolitic rocks yielded ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar isotopic ages, ranging from 87.04 ± .36 Ma to 84.66 ± .30 Ma. Comparison of geochemistry and geochronology for the amphibolitic rocks suggests that the alkaline amphibolite (seamount-type) cooled below 510 ± 25 °C at 87 Ma whereas the tholeiitic amphibolites at 85 Ma during intraoceanic thrusting/subduction. When all the evidence combined together, the intraoceanic subduction initiated in the vicinity of an off-axis plume or a plume-centered spreading ridge in the Inner Tauride Ocean at 87 Ma. During the later stage of the steady-state subduction, the E-MORB volcanics on the top of the down-going slab and the arc-type basalts (IAT/boninitic) detached from the leading edge of the overriding plate, entered the subduction zone after ~2 my and metamorphosed to amphibolite facies in the Inner Tauride Ocean. Duration of the intraoceanic detachment (~87 Ma) and ophiolite emplacement onto the Tauride-Anatolide Platform (Tav?anl? Zone), followed by subsequent HP/LT metamorphism (~82 Ma) spanned ~5 my in the western part of the Inner Tauride Ocean.     

新疆卡拉麦里地区晚古生代以来不同构造层特征及大地构造意义

摘要：卡拉麦里地区石炭纪以来的岩石地层系统由三大套构造岩石地层单位构成, 分别是以劈理、紧闭褶皱极为发育的卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂岩带为代表的造山带基底层系,以开阔褶皱为主要构造变形的石炭纪后碰撞构造层,和高角度正断层及平缓褶皱较发育的二叠-侏罗纪陆内湖盆构造层。它们分别记录了卡拉麦里地区前石炭纪碰撞造山阶段、石炭纪后碰撞阶段和二叠纪后板内断陷 坳陷阶段的沉积 变形特征。     

西昆仑库地蛇绿岩地质、地球化学及其成因研究

西昆仑库地蛇绿混杂岩由方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩等地幔变质橄榄岩、豆荚状铬铁矿、堆晶橄榄岩、堆晶辉石岩和辉长岩、辉绿岩墙、块状和枕状玄武岩等组成。强亏损方辉橄榄岩为主的地幔岩组合,二辉石的低Al含量和铬尖晶石的高Cr^#,以及岩石的富Mg、Ni和贫Al、Ca特征一致表明地幔橄榄岩类是经较高程度部分熔融后的地幔残余,与消减带之上蛇绿岩中的同类岩石相近。岩石富Rb、Ba、U、Th、LREE,说明地幔残余岩石受到了来自消减带的洋壳重熔组分的混染。堆晶岩以辉石岩和辉长岩为主,可能属PPG系列,指示岩浆是在消减带环境和含水条件下熔融的。辉长岩为低Ti蛇绿岩型,代表洋内弧后盆地早期环境或弧前环境。辉绿岩和玄武岩为洋中脊拉斑玄武岩和岛弧拉斑玄武岩的过渡类型;玄武岩和辉绿岩相比富Ba、Th、LREE,贫Ta,指示玄武岩较辉绿岩更多地受到来自消减带洋壳重熔组分的影响。库地蛇绿岩形成时的古构造环境是消减带之上的弧间或弧后盆地。     

Gravity variations along the Southeast Bohol Ophiolite Complex (SEBOC), Central Philippines: Implications on Ophiolite Emplacement

Abstract The basement complex of Bohol Island consists of the Southeast Bohol Ophiolite Complex (SEBOC), Cansiwang Melange and Alicia Schist. The SEBOC is a complete, but dismembered ophiolite with outcrops generally trending northeast– southwest and dipping north-west. The harzburgite units of the SEBOC are almost always observed to be thrusted onto the Cansiwang Melange, which in turn is thrusted onto the Alicia Schist. Bouguer gravity values on Bohol range from about +60 mGal in the west to +120 mGal in the east, in the region to the north-east of the SEBOC outcrops. Based on the present distribution of the SEBOC units and their thrust fault relationship with the Cansiwang Melange and Alicia Schist, it is proposed that the SEBOC was emplaced by onramping towards the south-eastward direction. However, the orientation of the Bouguer highs suggests that the thrusting direction of the ophiolite units is towards the south-west and not towards the south-east.