东秦岭松树沟蛇绿岩Sm-Nd同位素年龄的地质意义

东秦岭松树沟蛇绿岩主要由变质橄榄岩和变质玄武岩组成。变玄武岩全岩Ｓｍ Ｎｄ同位素等时年龄为（１０３０±４６（２δ））Ｍａ,ＩＮｄ＝０．５１１６１±５（２δ）,εＮｄ（ｔ）＝＋５．７±０．２,代表蛇绿岩中玄武岩的形成年龄。这一年龄的确定,为探讨秦岭区中晚元古代的古构造格局提供了重要的证据     

新疆西准噶尔拉巴西蛇绿混杂岩带地质特征及其意义

新疆西准噶尔地区是古生代经过俯冲-增生形成的复合造山带。该地区分布有多条蛇绿岩带,其中的拉巴西蛇绿岩带是比较重要的一条,通过对该蛇绿混杂岩特征的研究,认为该区蛇绿岩尽管受到强烈的多期构造肢解,但根据岩石类型仍能恢复蛇绿岩的原始层序。本文重点讨论了拉巴西蛇绿混杂岩的地球化学特征,认为其形成时代为晚寒武世-中奥陶世,就位时代为中晚志留世,蛇绿混杂岩产于弧前或弧后小洋盆环境。研究发现,该蛇绿混杂岩具有明显的铬铁矿化,为下一步找矿指明了方向。     

Pb, Sr AND Nd-ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS OF PALEO AND NEO-TETHYAN OCEANIC CRUSTS IN THE EASTERN TETHYAN DOMAIN: IMPLICATION FOR THE INDIAN OCEAN-TYPE ISOTOPIC SIGNATURE

Pb, Sr AND Nd-ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS OF PALEO AND NEO-TETHYAN OCEANIC CRUSTS IN THE EASTERN TETHYAN DOMAIN: IMPLICATION FOR THE INDIAN OCEAN-TYPE ISOTOPIC SIGNATURE     

Integration of ASTER and landsat TM remote sensing data for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in Neyriz ophiolite zone,south Iran

Chromite deposits in Iran are located in the ophiolite complexes, which have mostly podiform types and irregular in their settings. Exploration for podiform chromite deposits associated with ophiolite complexes has been a challenge for the prospectors due to tectonic disturbance and their distribution patterns. Most of Iranian ophiolitic zones are located in mountainous and inaccessible regions. Remote sensing approach could be applicable tool for choromite prospecting in Iranian ophiolitic zones with intensely rugged topography, where systematic sampling and conventional geological mapping are limited. In this study, Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite data were used for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in the Neyriz ophiolitic zone in the south of Iran. Image transformation techniques, namely decorrelation stretch, band ratio and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to Landsat TM and ASTER data sets for lithological mapping at regional scale. The RGB decorrelated image of Landsat TM spectral bands 7, 5, and 4, and the principal components PC1, PC2 and PC3 image of ASTER SWIR spectral bands efficiently showed the occurrence of major lithological units in the study area at regional scale. The band ratios of 5/3, 5/1, 7/5 applied on ASTER VNIR‐SWIR bands were very useful for discriminating most of rock units in the study area and delineation of the transition zone and mantle harzburgite in the Neyriz ophiolitic complex. Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) technique was implemented to ASTER VNIR‐SWIR spectral bands for detecting minerals of rock units and especially delineation of the transition zone and mantle harzburgite as potential zones with high chromite mineralization in the Neyriz ophiolitic complex. The integration of information extracted from the image processing algorithms used in this study mapped most of lithological units of the Neyriz ophiolitic complex and identified potential areas of high chromite mineralization (transition zone and mantle harzburgite) for chromite prospecting targets in the future. Furthermore, image processing results were verified by comprehensive fieldwork and laboratory analysis in the study area. Accordingly, result of this investigation indicate that the integration of information extracted from the image processing algorithms using Landsat TM and ASTER data sets could be broadly applicable tool for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in mountainous and inaccessible regions such Iranian ophiolitic zones.     

内蒙古北山地区阿民乌素蛇绿岩的年代学、地球化学特征及大地构造意义

内蒙古北山地区阿民乌素蛇绿岩是芨芨台子-小黄山蛇绿岩带的重要组成部分,主要由变质辉长岩和极少强蛇纹石化橄榄岩组成。变质辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄453±12 Ma,形成于晚奥陶世。强蛇纹石化橄榄岩MgO(36.90%~37.44%)、Ni(1980×10^-6~2232×10^-6)、Cr(2312×10^-6~2506×10^-6)含量高,而Al2O3(0.59%~1.41%)、TiO 2(0.01%~0.02%)和∑REE(0.85×10^-6~3.25×10^-6)含量低,具亏损地幔岩特征;变质辉长岩MgO(7.22.20%~11.66%)相对含量高;Al2O3(15.61%~18.79%)、TiO 2(0.20%~0.29%)、P2O5(0.01%)、K2O+Na2O(1.36%~2.43%)含量低,且K2O相似文献   

Geodynamic Information in Peridotite Petrology

Systematic differences are observed in the petrology and majorelement geochemistry of natural peridotite samples from thesea floor near oceanic ridges and subduction zones, the mantlesection of ophiolites, massif peridotites, and xenoliths ofcratonic mantle in kimberlite. Some of these differences reflectvariable temperature and pressure conditions of melt extraction,and these have been calibrated by a parameterization of experimentaldata on fertile mantle peridotite. Abyssal peridotites are examplesof cold residues produced at oceanic ridges. High-MgO peridotitesfrom the Ronda massif are examples of hot residues producedin a plume. Most peridotites from subduction zones and ophiolitesare too enriched in SiO₂ and too depleted in Al₂O₃ to be residues,and were produced by melt–rock reaction of a precursorprotolith. Peridotite xenoliths from the Japan, Cascades andChile–Patagonian back-arcs are possible examples of arcprecursors, and they have the characteristics of hot residues.Opx-rich cratonic mantle is similar to subduction zone peridotites,but there are important differences in FeO_T. Opx-poor xenolithsof cratonic mantle were hot residues of primary magmas with16–20% MgO, and they may have formed in either ancientplumes or hot ridges. Cratonic mantle was not produced as aresidue of Archean komatiites. KEY WORDS: peridotite; residues; fractional melting; abyssal; cratonic mantle; subduction zone; ophiolite; potential temperature; plumes; hot ridges     

南秦岭勉县─略阳结合带蛇绿岩与岛弧火山岩地球化学及其大地构造意义

南秦岭勉县-略阳结合带中超基性岩类主要为方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩,稀土特征为轻稀土亏损,铕富集型;辉绿岩均为轻稀土富集型。变质火山岩可区分为两种组合：一为轻稀土亏损的洋脊拉斑玄武岩,其Ti／V．Th／Ta、Th／Yb、Ta／Yb表明其为MORB型玄武岩,代表本区消失了的洋壳岩石,指示本区晚古生代一早中生代期间的一个古洋盆。另一类为岛弧火山岩组合,除岛弧拉斑玄武岩外,甚至还有大量中、酸性岛弧火山岩,它们并非洋壳的物质组成,而是大陆弧岩浆活动的产物。这表明勉略洋盆在晚古生代-早中生代期间曾经经历过一个较完整的有限洋盆的发生、发展与消亡过程,这期间秦岭已成为一独立的岩石圈微板块,其南缘具有活动大陆边缘的构造属性,秦岭并非华北与扬子陆块之间的简单碰撞产物。     

东特提斯地质调查研究进展综述

以青藏高原为主体的东特提斯构造演化一直是国内外地学研究中关注的重大科学问题。为了更全面、更深入地认识青藏高原及东特提斯构造域的形成演化历史,本文在综述前人有关特提斯构造域时空演变和演化阶段研究的基础上,重点总结了近年来1∶5万区域地质调查中取得的最新研究进展,提出昌宁-澜沧构造带原-古特提斯连续演化、南冈底斯构造带古-新特提斯连续演化新认识,构建了青藏高原及东特提斯构造域大陆边缘多岛弧盆系时空格局和原、古、新三阶段构造演化模式。     

北阿尔金白尖山地区花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

白尖山花岗闪长岩位于北阿尔金红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩带东段,呈大套岩株状产出于拉配泉岩群之中。该花岗闪长岩具有较低的SiO_2含量(62.58%～65.05%),富CaO(4.02%～4.98%),铝饱和指数A/CNK1.0(0.89～0.98),富集K、Rb、Ba,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti,属于准铝质钙碱性岩石系列,具I型花岗岩的特征;其稀土元素∑REE=90.2～137.8μg/g,具有轻重稀土元素分馏明显,轻稀土元素相对富集的特点,具弱的Eu负异常(δEu_N=0.84～0.92)。该岩石变化范围较大的锆石Hf同位素组成(ε_(Hf)(t)=-2.96～7.99)可能与源区物质不充分的岩浆混染有关,结合地球化学特征及其与实验岩石学资料的对比,其形成应为洋壳俯冲时板片脱水诱发下地壳基性岩石部分熔融产生的初始岩浆结晶作用的产物,同时在岩浆侵位过程中还受到上地壳物质(杂砂岩等)的混染。锆石U-Pb年龄为475.2±2.0Ma,结合锆石CL图像具有岩浆环带特征和Th/U值(0.30～0.75),推断该年龄为花岗闪长岩的形成年龄。综合区域地质背景,本次研究的白尖山花岗闪长岩应为红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩带东部地区早古生代洋壳俯冲岛弧岩浆活动的组成部分,与西部红柳沟地区(恰什坎萨依及巴什考供盆地北缘)的花岗闪长岩和石英闪长岩共同构成北阿尔金早古生代洋壳俯冲产生的岛弧岩浆岩带。此外,由西到东红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩带的南北两侧均发育早古生代与洋壳俯冲有关的花岗质岩石,表明整个北阿尔金洋俯冲时期可能具有双向性。     

Early Carboniferous ophiolite in central Qiangtang,northern Tibet: record of an oceanic back-arc system in the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean

Zircon U–Pb dating of two samples of metagabbro from the Riwanchaka ophiolite yielded early Carboniferous ages of 354.4 ± 2.3 Ma and 356.7 ± 1.9 Ma. Their positive zircon εHf(t) values (+7.9 to +9.9) indicate that these rocks were derived from a relatively depleted mantle. The metagabbros can be considered as two types: R1 and R2. Both types are tholeiitic, with depletion of high-field-strength elements (HFSE) and enrichment of large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) similar to those of typical back-arc basin basalts (BABB), such as Mariana BABB and East Scotia Ridge BABB. Geochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that the R1 metagabbro originated from a back-arc basin spreading ridge with addition of slab-derived fluids, whereas the R2 metagabbro was derived from a back-arc basin mantle source, with involvement of melts and fluids from subducted ocean crust. The Riwanchaka ophiolite exhibits both mid-ocean ridge basalts- and arc-like geochemical affinities, consistent with coeval ophiolites from central Qiangtang. Observations indicate that the Qiangtang ophiolites developed during the Late Devonian–early Carboniferous (D₃–C₁) in a back-arc spreading ridge above an intra-oceanic subduction zone. Based on our data and previous studies, we propose that an oceanic back-arc basin system existed in the Longmuco–Shuanghu–Lancang Palaeo-Tethys Ocean during the D₃–C₁ period.