红外遥感用于地震预测及其物理机理研究

在等温过程加载的条件下,实验得出岩石的红外辐射能量随压力变化显著变化的结果。这个变化与温度无关,完全由压力引起,这就证明了机械能能直接激发岩石分子振动态能级之间的跃迁,不需要经夺石生预测地震奠定了理论基础,这一物理现象的发现,为用红外遥感观测地球表层应力场分布和预测地震奠定了理论基础,提供了实验依据。提出了由温度异常引起的红外辐射能量变化和由应力起的红外辐射能量变化以及将两者分离出发的理论与方法,     

Dauphiné twinning and texture memory in polycrystalline quartz

Mechanical twinning in polycrystalline quartz was investigated in situ with time-of-flight neutron diffraction and a strain diffractometer. Dauphiné twinning is highly temperature sensitive. It initiates at a macroscopic differential stress of 50–100 MPa and, at 500°C, saturates at 400 MPa. From normalized diffraction intensities the patterns of preferred orientation (or texture) can be inferred. They indicate a partial reversal of twinning during unloading. The remaining twins impose residual stresses corresponding to elastic strains of 300–400 microstrain. Progressive twinning on loading and reversal during unloading, as well as the temperature dependence, can be reproduced with finite element model simulations.     

粘弹性阻尼器的性能研究

本文针对ＺＮ－１和ＺＮ－２粘弹性材料,通过大量试验,首先定量探讨了其力学性能随环境温度、激振频率、变形幅值和滞回圈数等因素的变化情况;随后,就风振控制问题,考察了时间荷载作用下,材料内部的温升平衡情况;最后,在文献〔１〕的基础上,利用试验数据确定了刻画材料力学性能的四参数模型的有关参数。     

Dynamic analysis of vehicle–deck interactions

This paper presents the review and studies at various levels of problems concerning the authors’ previous research on the dynamics of vehicle–deck interactions. The various levels of study include the dynamic structural behavior of vehicle–deck systems, vehicle vibrations, damping effects of vehicles on structural systems, dynamic interactions between tire and deck surface, and vehicle securing on decks during ship motions, etc. The study includes analytical, numerical and experimental analysis. Practical problems encountered by Ro–Ro ship designers are addressed by discussing those analysis. It is shown that influences from the dynamics of vehicle–deck interactions are relevant to a number of aspects of issues, such as the excitation frequency range, how detailed information of the structural system response is required, the structure characteristics, and positions and orientations of vehicles on decks, etc. The study contributes to the knowledge for the naval architect and vehicle engineer on how significant the dynamics of vehicle–deck interactions are when dealing with relevant problems.     

纤维加筋土中筋/土界面相互作用的微观研究

纤维与土体界面之间的相互作用对纤维加筋效果有着重要的影响,了解接触面之间力的产生和传递过程对合理有效地利用纤维改良土体的工程性质有着重要的意义.为了研究聚丙烯纤维在不同的土介质中筋/土界面间的微观力学作用机理,运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分别分析了纤维在素土、水泥土和石灰土中的表面形态学特征及接触面之间力的产生和传递过...     

Development of a mathematical expression for the variation of amorphization phenomenon during intensive milling of minerals

Attempts have been made to develop a mathematical expression on the basis of dislocation theory to describe the effect of intensive milling time on the changes of dislocation density as well as amorphization degree of a mineral substance during intensive milling process. Validity of the proposed expression was verified by the results of experiments performed on a natural chalcopyrite mineral as well as those reported in the literature. It was concluded that the expression satisfied the experimental results with a good accuracy.     

山东龙口北皂煤矿软岩力学特性实验研究

根据室内实验结果, 本文讨论了北皂煤矿的岩石力学性质, 物化特性。泥质岩类的力学性质和水理性质、物化特性有关。泥质岩类具有显著的流动变形和各向异性。     

岩石力学性质及可钻性分级研究

岩石力学性质和可钻性是分析和评价岩石抵抗破碎和钻进的基本性质，也是合理选择碎岩工具和工艺的基础。因此，对岩石力学性质和可钻性的深入研究，采用能够反映某种碎岩方式实质的综合力学性质指标评定岩石可钻性，应用数理统计学原理，依据岩石力学性质和可钻性指标，建立表示岩石可钻性的数学模型，并以此模型进行岩石可钻性分级，可及满足岩土工程施工生产的急需。     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

由含断层岩石非均匀性产生的地震前兆的数值模拟研究

使用新开发岩石破裂过程分析软件(RFPA2D)，通过一系列模型实验，研究岩石中预制断层面几何特征和力学非均匀性对地震前兆产生的影响。模型使用5个具有不同均质度的岩石样本进行数值模拟研究。数值模拟结果表明，不同均质度岩石破坏在地壳中会产生不同的地震前兆现象。在一些区域，可以观测到明显的前兆，而在另一些地区却很难观测到明显的前兆现象。模拟结果与实验观测和自然界实际观测结果由很好的一致性。