钢铅组合防屈曲支撑的滞回性能与参数研究

为简化防屈曲支撑的加工工艺,提高防屈曲支撑的初始刚度和在小变形下的耗能能力,基于现有防屈曲支撑在截面形式与构造方式上的特点,提出了一种新型钢铅组合防屈曲支撑并进行了构造设计。通过有限元数值模拟,分析了钢铅组合防屈曲支撑的耗能特性与效果,建立了恢复力简化模型,并根据理想弹塑性材料本构关系推导出滞回规则。通过对不同设计参数的理论分析和数值模拟,分析了钢铅屈服力比、铅剪切面长宽比、核心段宽厚比和耗能段长度等参数对防屈曲支撑滞回性能的影响。研究结果表明,钢铅组合防屈曲支撑能够提供较大的抗侧刚度,耗能效果良好,加工工艺简单,适合工程应用。     

ENSO与青藏高原积雪的关系及其对我国夏季降水异常的影响

文章利用1979 2005年Nino3区海温时间序列资料和中国雪深时间序列资料,分析了Nino3区海温与青藏高原积雪之间的关系,两者对我国夏季降水的影响以及两者共同作用下对我国夏季降水的影响。分析结果表明：当前期冬春季Nino3区SST为强暖（强冷）事件与高原积雪显著偏多（显著偏少）共同作用的配置下,我国东部夏季雨带往往偏南（偏北）。从月时间尺度方面,揭示了前期冬春季ENSO和冬春季青藏高原积雪对我国长江以南地区降水异常的影响在夏季各月是不一致的,前期冬春季逐月Nino3区SST和冬春季逐月高原积雪对长江以南地区6月的降水都为正相关,而对8月的降水都为反相关,并且春季逐月Nino3区SST和冬春季逐月高原积雪对长江以南地区7月的降水也都为正相关,另外,春季Nino3区SST和春季高原积雪对长江以南地区6月和7月降水更为重要。     

2005年3月西藏强降雪过程的波包分布及传播特征

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用波包传播的诊断方法,对2005年3月24—25日发生在西藏中东部地区的强降雪过程中波包的传播和积累特征进行分析,发现500hPa高度场波包分布特征与强降雪产生的区域有着较好的对应关系,在强降雪产生的时段内,高度场扰动能量有着明显的积累和增强。从波包的传播特征来看,受印度洋和孟加拉湾低值系统活跃的影响,来自孟加拉湾的暖湿气流不断向青藏高原输送,继而为西藏林芝地区强降雪过程提供了充足的水汽来源。高纬的冷空气南下与西南气流交汇促使了这次强降雪天气过程的产生。     

CAPPS3模式在福州市预报效果检验

对2009年7月至2010年6月区域空气质量数值预报模式CAPPS3在福州市的应用进行效果检验,分析各季节CAPPS3预报福州市3种污染物SO2、NO2和PM10的等级预报准确率、转折性天气预报准确率及与监测值的相关系数以及综合评分。结果表明：夏秋季节CAPPS3模式3种污染物等级预报准确率较高,冬季NO2和春季PM10的等级预报准确率较低,错误等级预报多数偏高;转折性天气预报准确率夏秋季最高,春季最低,模式对天气形势的变化反应不灵敏,特别是污染物浓度突变时,预报能力较差,当天气形势稳定时,预报效果较好;CAPPS3模式浓度预报值较监测值有偏大和滞后的缺点;相关系数及综合评分结果夏秋季最高,春季最低。CAPPS3总体预报效果较好,可提供有价值的指导预报,适合业务运行。     

Joint elastic‐electrical effective medium models of reservoir sandstones

Improvements in the joint inversion of seismic and marine controlled source electromagnetic data sets will require better constrained models of the joint elastic‐electrical properties of reservoir rocks. Various effective medium models were compared to a novel laboratory data set of elastic velocity and electrical resistivity (obtained on 67 reservoir sandstone samples saturated with 35 g/l brine at a differential pressure of 8 MPa) with mixed results. Hence, we developed a new three‐phase effective medium model for sandstones with pore‐filling clay minerals based on the combined self‐consistent approximation and differential effective medium model. We found that using a critical porosity of 0.5 and an aspect ratio of 1 for all three components, the proposed model gave accurate model predictions of the observed magnitudes of P‐wave velocity and electrical resistivity and of the divergent trends of clean and clay‐rich sandstones at higher porosities. Using only a few well‐constrained input parameters, the new model offers a practical way to predict in situ porosity and clay content in brine saturated sandstones from co‐located P‐wave velocity and electrical resistivity data sets.     

Characterization of fractured reservoirs using a consistent stiffness‐permeability model: focus on the effects of fracture aperture

In this paper we propose a method for the characterization of naturally fractured reservoirs by quantitative integration of seismic and production data. The method is based on a consistent theoretical frame work to model both effective hydraulic and elastic properties of fractured porous media and a (non‐linear) Bayesian method of inversion that provides information about uncertainties as well as mean (or maximum likelihood) values. We model a fractured reservoir as a porous medium containing a single set of vertical fractures characterized by an unknown fracture density, azimuthal orientation and aperture. We then look at the problem of fracture parameter estimation as a non‐linear inverse problem and try to estimate the unknown fracture parameters by joint inversion of seismic amplitude versus angle and azimuth data and dynamic production data. Once the fracture parameters have been estimated the corresponding effective stiffness and permeability tensors can be estimated using consistent models. A synthetic example is provided to clearly explain and test the workflow. It shows that seismic and production data complement each other, in the sense that the seismic data resolve a non‐uniqueness in the fracture orientation and the production data help to recover the true fracture aperture and permeability, because production data are more sensitive to the fracture aperture than the seismic data.     

中国南方海相油气地质基本特征与有效性研究

中国南方海相沉积盆地形成演化与扬子板块的离散、聚合及周缘山系的形成密切相关,在早古生代被动陆缘发育阶段、挤压前陆盆地台内坳陷沉积盆地发育阶段及晚古生代陆内裂陷盆地发育阶段构成了现今南方海相沉积区的主要烃源岩,有效与否在于后期改造过程的演化及保存程度.在纵向上形成了上、下两个含油气组合.海相沉积经受多期次的构造运动叠加、...     

库拜煤田露头层序地层学分析

通过对库拜煤田阿艾村和音西煤矿侏罗系煤系地层观察、实测露头岩性、沉积构造、特征标志、关键界面等方法,划分沉积亚相、沉积相,按垂向组合特征划分体系域单元.在下侏罗统塔里奇克组至中侏罗统克孜勒努尔组划分出5个沉积层序,从中寻找煤层发育有利层位,总结聚煤规律性.对最大水泛面作为沉积层序关键参照界面依据进行讨论.     

Estimation of maximum mud pressure in purely cohesive material during directional drilling

Directional drilling requires the use of drilling mud to stabilize the borehole and return cuttings to the ground surface. High mud pressure can result in mud loss, ground heave, damage to buried infrastructure, and other serious problems as a result of either hydrofracture or blowout of the soil surrounding the borehole. First, past research on two ground failure mechanisms is reviewed. A new approach is introduced to estimate maximum mud pressure using a cavity expansion solution, where the non-unit lateral earth pressure coefficient at rest (K ₀) is explicitly considered. Finite-element analyses demonstrate that the new approach provides effective estimates of the extent of the plastic zone around the borehole under different geostatic stress conditions. Control of mud pressures to prevent the zone of shear failure extending more than halfway to the ground surface produces a reserve capacity of 20–30% against blowout. An examination of hydrofracture versus blowout indicates that blowout is the most likely mode of mud loss in normally and lightly overconsolidated clays. Hydrofracture is the expected cause of mud loss in heavily overconsolidated clays when the coefficient of lateral earth pressure exceeds 1.8.     

InSAR技术进步与地面沉降监测应用——中国科学院院士中国工程院院士李德仁教授接受本刊专访

2013年7月26日,上海市地质调查研究院副总工程师兼水土环境研究所所长王寒梅教授、上海市地质调查研究院总工程师办公室副主任兼《上海国土资源》编辑部主任龚士良教授专程赴武汉,拜访了中国科学院与中国工程院两院院士、武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室学术委员会主任李德仁教授,并代表《上海国土资源》期刊作了专题访谈。