多匹配策略融合的无人机影像匹配方法

针对AKAZE算法在无人机影像匹配过程中存在的匹配精度低和稳定性较差问题,本文提出一种基于多匹配策略融合的改进影像匹配方法。该方法首先对影像降采样并利用AKAZE算法检测多尺度特征。然后采用一种稳定的RootSIFT描述符进行特征描述。其次,融合最近邻距离比值、双向匹配和余弦相似度约束匹配策略进行特征匹配以降低误匹配率。最后,采用随机抽样一致性(RANSAC)算法确定最终的特征对应关系,并求得几何变换模型。实验结果表明,该方法在获得更多正确匹配点对的同时具有较高的匹配正确率和精度,能够更好适用于无人机影像匹配。     

顾及拓扑一致性的水系三维曲线化简

鉴于常规曲线化简方法应用于水系曲线化简时难以顾及水系要素的三维特征及其拓扑关系,本文提出了一种顾及拓扑一致性的水系三维曲线化简方法。该方法首先对D-P算法进行三维扩展,实现水系中单条河流三维曲线化简,然后构建水系树结构表达其拓扑关系,最后按照水系树的层次顺序依次进行河流曲线化简和干流与支流的拓扑关系重构。试验结果表明,该方法化简精度高,既能保持水系的三维形态特征,又能保证河流交汇处的拓扑一致性。     

基于SMVF的高频雷达自适应多目标检测

针对高频雷达强海杂波和干扰环境下的多目标检测问题,结合S-method时频分布和Vitcrbi算法提出了一种多分量线性调频信号瞬时频率估计方法—SMVF法(S-method viterbi fitting),然后根据所提取的瞬时频率的直线拟合性能,提出了一种自适应多目标检测算法。实测数据的处理结果,表明了该算法在低信噪比时,与WDM法(wigncr distribution maxima) , WDV法( wigncr distribution vitcrbi)相比,估计精度提高约2000,验证了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

运用GVF Snake算法提取水域的不规则边界

GVF Snake是一种改进型主动轮廓提取算法。本文在详细介绍GVF Snake原理的基础上,重点对GVF Snake的内、外部约束力在边界提取中的作用以及初始边界对提取结果的影响进行了实验研究,提出了初始边界和内部约束力权值的合理设置方法,设计并实现了交互式GVF Snake算法,并用于提取遥感影像上水域的不规则边界。该算法采用种子点区域生长法自动给出水域的初始边界,采用人机交互法设置内部约束力权值,然后运用GVF Snake算法搜索水域的实际边界。实验表明：对于形状极不规则的水域,交互式GVF Snake算法也能方便、快速、准确地获取其边界。     

Grid pattern recognition in road networks using the C4.5 algorithm

Pattern recognition in road networks can be used for different applications, including spatiotemporal data mining, automated map generalization, data matching of different levels of detail, and other important research topics. Grid patterns are a common pattern type. This paper proposes and implements a method for grid pattern recognition based on the idea of mesh classification through a supervised learning process. To train the classifier, training datasets are selected from worldwide city samples with different cultural, historical, and geographical environments. Meshes are subsequently labeled as composing or noncomposing grids by participants in an experiment, and the mesh measures are defined while accounting for the mesh’s individual characteristics and spatial context. The classifier is generated using the C4.5 algorithm. The accuracy of the classifier is evaluated using Kappa statistics and the overall rate of correctness. The average Kappa value is approximately 0.74, which corresponds to a total accuracy of 87.5%. Additionally, the rationality of the classifier is evaluated in an interpretation step. Two other existing grid pattern recognition methods were also tested on the datasets, and comparison results indicate that our approach is effective in identifying grid patterns in road networks.     

卫星重力梯度测量数据的粗差探测

分别讨论了阈值法、Dixon检验法和小波算法应用于卫星重力梯度数据粗差探测的效果。为了克服这3种单一粗差探测方法的不足,提出了卫星重力梯度数据的粗差探测组合方案,即联合Dixon检验和小波算法,以及联合Dixon检验、阈值法和小波算法的组合方案。模拟结果表明,两种组合方案均能有效改善粗差探测的效果。     

Re-parameterization of a quasi-analytical algorithm for colored dissolved organic matter dominant inland waters

Quasi-Analytical Algorithms (QAAs) are based on radiative transfer equations and have been used to derive inherent optical properties (IOPs) from the above surface remote sensing reflectance (R_rs) in aquatic systems in which phytoplankton is the dominant optically active constituents (OACs). However, Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) and Non Algal Particles (NAP) can also be dominant OACs in water bodies and till now a QAA has not been parametrized for these aquatic systems. In this study, we compared the performance of three widely used QAAs in two CDOM dominated aquatic systems which were unsuccessful in retrieving the spectral shape of IOPS and produced minimum errors of 350% for the total absorption coefficient (a), 39% for colored dissolved matter absorption coefficient (a_CDM) and 7566.33% for phytoplankton absorption coefficient (a_phy). We re-parameterized a QAA for CDOM dominated (hereafter QAA_CDOM) waters which was able to not only achieve the spectral shape of the OACs absorption coefficients but also brought the error magnitude to a reasonable level. The average errors found for the 400–750 nm range were 30.71 and 14.51 for a, 14.89 and 8.95 for a_CDM and 25.90 and 29.76 for a_phy in Funil and Itumbiara Reservoirs, Brazil respectively. Although QAA_CDOM showed significant promise for retrieving IOPs in CDOM dominated waters, results indicated further tuning is needed in the estimation of a(λ) and a_phy(λ). Successful retrieval of the absorption coefficients by QAA_CDOM would be very useful in monitoring the spatio-temporal variability of IOPS in CDOM dominated waters.     

整体法与序贯法在测量平差中的比较

讨论了整体法与序贯法在测量平差中的应用,并结合实例比较整体法与序贯法在相同观测情况下的平差结果和精度问题。实例表明:在测量平差中,若测量网中数据较多,并且这些数据是在不同时期所得,用序贯法具有较高的处理效率。     

基于遗传算法的RBF神经网络在GPS高程拟合中的应用

本文针对RBF神经网络中隐含层径向基中心值的确定,利用遗传算法对其进行优化,并应用于高程拟合的实验研究中。通过将遗传算法优化的RBF神经网络与K-均值优化的RBF神经网络及标准RBF神经网络进行高程拟合的误差对比分析表明:遗传算法优化的RBF神经网络提高了拟合的稳定度,改善了精度。     

基于多目标进化算法的地图注记自动配置技术的研究

在计算机数字制图过程中,地图注记的配置直接影响数字地图的效果.针对地图注记配置过程中两个或多个注记之间冲突处理的问题,本文参照格式塔原则,从地图注记的易读性、位置优先性、形状相似性、地物关联性四个格式塔因子出发对地图注记的候选位置进行评价;同时根据多目标决策理论,用进化算法模拟地图注记的自动配置过程,实现了地图注记自动配置的全局优化.