The magmatic history of the Vetas-California mining district,Santander Massif,Eastern Cordillera,Colombia

The Vetas-California Mining District (VCMD), located in the central part of the Santander Massif (Colombian Eastern Cordillera), based on U–Pb dating of zircons, records the following principal tectono-magmatic events: (1) the Grenville Orogenic event and high grade metamorphism and migmatitization between ∼1240 and 957 Ma; (2) early Ordovician calc–alkalic magmatism, which was synchronous with the Caparonensis–Famatinian Orogeny (∼477 Ma); (3) middle to late Ordovician post-collisional calc–alkalic magmatism (∼466–436 Ma); (4) late Triassic to early Jurassic magmatism between ∼204 and 196 Ma, characterized by both S- and I-type calc–alkalic intrusions and; (5) a late Miocene shallowly emplaced intermediate calc–alkaline intrusions (10.9 ± 0.2 and 8.4 ± 0.2 Ma). The presence of even younger igneous rocks is possible, given the widespread magmatic–hydrothermal alteration affecting all rock units in the area.The igneous rocks from the late Triassic–early Jurassic magmatic episodes are the volumetrically most important igneous rocks in the study area and in the Colombian Eastern Cordillera. They can be divided into three groups based on their field relationships, whole rock geochemistry and geochronology. These are early leucogranites herein termed Alaskites-I (204–199 Ma), Intermediate rocks (199–198 Ma), and late leucogranites, herein referred to as Alaskites-II (198–196 Ma). This Mesozoic magmatism is reflecting subtle changes in the crustal stress in a setting above an oblique subduction of the Panthalassa plate beneath Pangea.The lower Cretaceous siliciclastic Tambor Formation has detrital zircons of the same age populations as the metamorphic and igneous rocks present in the study area, suggesting that the provenance is related to the erosion of these local rocks during the late Jurassic or early Cretaceous, implying a local supply of sediments to the local depositional basins.     

Change in the magnetic properties of bituminous coal intruded by an igneous dike, Dutch Creek Mine, Pitkin County, Colorado

Magnetization measurements have been made on natural coke–coal samples collected at various distances from a felsic porphyry dike in a coal seam in Dutch Creek Mine, Colorado to help characterize the nature and distribution of the iron-bearing phases. The magnetization passes through a maximum at the coke-to-coal transition about 31 cm from the dike contact. The magnetic measurements support the geochemical data indicating that magmatic fluids along with a high-temperature gas pulse moved into the coal bed. Interaction of the magmatic fluids with the coal diminished the reducing power of the thermal gas pulse from the dike to a point about 24 cm into the coal. The hot reducing gas penetrated further and produced a high temperature (400–525°C) zone (at about 31 cm) just ahead of the magmatic fluids. Metallic iron found in this zone is the principal cause of the observed high magnetization. Beyond this zone, the temperature was too low to alter the coal significantly.     

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田成岩成矿时代研究

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田位于桂东南博白-岑溪多金属成矿带的NE端, 区内发育燕山期花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗斑岩和英安质凝灰熔岩等;其中花岗闪长岩和二长花岗斑岩与铅锌成矿关系密切,成矿岩体形成时代分别为156Ma和127Ma.     

新疆阿尔泰康布铁堡组钾质和钠质流纹岩的成因及同位素年代学研究

阿尔泰南缘康布铁堡组酸性火山岩分布在麦兹、克朗、冲呼尔以及阿舍勒等火山-沉积盆地.本文对其中的钾质流纹岩(TM1,铁木尔特地区)和钠质流纹岩(KK7,可可塔勒地区)进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年以及地球化学的研究.钾质流纹岩的年龄为400.8±8.4Ma(加权平均年龄为394.8±7.9Ma),钠质流纹岩的年龄为402.2±6Ma(加权平均年龄为396.8±5.1Ma).主元素分析结果证明研究区在时间和空间上紧密共生的高钾流纹岩和高钠流纹岩同属于高碱、高硅、低钙、过铝质的钙碱性岩系.相似的稀土元素分配模式和同样亏损高场强元素(Ti、Nb、Ta)的地球化学特征暗示二者的原始岩浆源于上地壳部分熔融.钾质流纹岩富集Rb,Ba、Pb,钠质流纹岩则富集Sr,这种元素分相富集的特征符合在岩浆液态不混溶条件下微量元素在共轭钠质熔体和钾质硅酸盐熔体中的分配原则.由此推论,本区产出的钾质流纹岩和钠质流纹岩可能是上地壳部分熔融形成的高挥发分酸性岩浆液态不混溶的产物.     

新疆东天山葫芦岩体岩石学与地球化学研究

葫芦岩体位于康古尔—黄山韧性剪切带东段,地表出露面积0.75km²。主要岩石类型有辉长闪长岩、辉长岩、辉石岩、辉橄岩、橄揽岩。岩相之间多呈渐变过渡关系,局部也有侵入接触。主量元素化学组成基本上属拉斑玄武岩系列。岩石相对富集LREE、适度亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti)。岩浆演化过程中发生了较弱的同化混染作用。橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石和斜长石的分离结晶作用是岩浆演化的主要机制。四件样品ε_Nd(t)值(＋6.4~+7.1),一件样品的ε_Sr(t)=+3.4,其余三件的ε_Sr(t)值(-10.1~-9.3),²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb(18.091~18.513)、²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb(15.459~15.528)、²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb(37.526~38.126)。元素地球化学和Nd、Sr、Pb同位素体系表明,源区软流圈来源的岩浆中混入了富集岩石圈地幔来源的岩浆。稀土元素地球化学证明,熔融作用发生于尖晶石稳定域内。由此可见,岩体是尖晶石稳定域内占主体的软流圈地幔与富集岩石圈地幔相互作用的结果。     

The Latest Research Progress on El Nino

Cold water in the deep Pacific can be drawn up to the surface (or west warm water drifts eastwards ) because strong tide increases the mixing of seawater both in vertical and horizontal. In this way greenhouse effect is decreased or increased by means of absorbing (or releasing) CO2. Therefore, La Nina cold event (or El Nino warm event) may occur,which is caused by wanning - up or cooling - down air above the ocean. Volcanic action at sea bottom is also controlled by strong tide.     

扬子板块西缘攀西地区白草矿区黄铁矿标型元素特征及其指示意义

黄铁矿是重要的金属硫化物矿物,在多种矿床中均有产出,其标型特征对矿床成因、矿体空间分布等具有重要的指示意义.以扬子板块西缘攀西地区白草矿区黄铁矿为研究对象,利用矿相学、电子探针等分析方法来对比研究浸染状、致密块状、斑杂状、网脉状矿石中黄铁矿的标型元素特征.结果表明:白草矿区黄铁矿Fe、S平均含量(质量分数,下同)分别为...     

Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of New Ln（Ⅲ ） Complexes with an Unsymmetrical Schiff Base Ligand

1Introduction SomeSchiffbasecomplexesderivedfromaminoacidsareparticularlyactiveinbiologycatalysisandmaterial.Thestudyofthemisfocusofthestudyof coordinationchemistry.Recently,studiesofsuchmetalcomplexesofmono Schiffbaseshavebeenre ported(Fanetal.,2003a,b;L…     

“翻台法”提高地震定位精度的数学原理

对于震中偏离台网情况下的地震定位，常规方法定位效果较差。“翻台法”有效地提高了其定位精度。从均匀地壳模型的走时方程组出发，分析了“翻台法”定位中方程组系数的变化特点，推导了选取最佳翻转台站的方法，并得出如下结论：（１）“翻台法”增加了原定位方程组的约束方程，翻台数与已知条件和所求参数个数有关，从理论上讲，翻转台数超过独立的约束方程数时对增加定位精度不再有意义；（２）考虑到具体的台网布局和台站资料质量，翻转不同台站对提高地震定位精度所起的作用大小各不相同，因而存在选取最佳翻转台站问题。     

长江三峡巴东复杂斜坡系统成因研究

三峡库区巴东县新城区所在的扇形大斜坡是一个复杂斜坡系统。斜坡后缘边界的挤压变形带是斜坡整体沿其底界面（T1j^3-T2b^1）之间岩层界面向长江发生重力蠕滑作用的结果,不存在“巴东断裂”问题。斜坡系统内部未发现成规模的褶皱,也不存在数量众多的内动力成因的断裂带。巴东斜坡区浅表生变形破坏类型可概括为侧向拉裂、“雪崩式”垮塌、表层风化、侧向滑移张剪破裂、岩层折断变位、软岩膝折剪破裂和压扭破裂又重胶结7种重力卸荷破坏力学模式。斜坡系统内部发育分期分区（块）滑动（滑坡）现象,但不存在构造地质意义上的“断层”形迹。在地貌形态上,巴东大斜坡被4条冲沟分割成5个斜坡单元。在斜坡地质结构、成因类型与空间分布上,巴东大斜坡可划分为3个层次,即表层崩塌滑坡成因为主的堆积层（第一层次）,冲沟分割且浅表生地质形迹发育的层状顺倾的中间基岩层（第二层次）和整体连续顺倾的深层基岩层（第三层次）。分形几何计算证明,巴东大斜坡的地貌形态尚处于侵蚀发育的青（幼）年期。FLAC^3D数值模拟发现,在长江侵蚀下切的不同阶段,巴东斜坡体前缘和后缘接近底界面位置塑性变形区分布集中,但不具备沿深层界面发生整体滑动剪出的可能性。基本认识是,“巴东复杂斜坡系统”是在官渡口-东瀼口向斜南翼（单斜山）的地质背景下,持续经受长江快速侵蚀下切外动力作用,河谷岸坡快速临空导致其自身重力产生强烈的侧向卸荷与滑移等浅表生地质改造作用过程而形成的,可简单地概括为“重力成因论”。