广西隆安都结剖面下石炭统都安组上部鲕粒类型及其地质意义*

鲕粒是一类特殊的沉积颗粒,为古气候和古海洋环境的重要指示器。为了深入认识此类特殊颗粒的成因机制、形成环境及地质意义,对广西隆安地区都结剖面下石炭统都安组上部含鲕粒地层开展了古生物学、沉积学和岩相学研究。研究区共识别出5种主要的鲕粒类型: 放射状纹层鲕粒(O1)、规则同心放射状纹层鲕粒(O2)、不规则同心放射状纹层鲕粒(O3)、泥晶鲕粒(O4-A和O4-B)和复合鲕粒(O5)。各类鲕粒的显微组构和沉积环境指示其具有不同的形成过程,其中水动力条件影响和控制着鲕粒的发育和分布情况。研究区含鲕粒地层形成于维宪期末—谢尔普霍夫期,恰好对应早石炭世晚期冰川作用的开始。受冰川作用影响,全球海平面频繁波动,研究区地处低纬度地区并以浅滩和潮坪沉积环境为主,为鲕粒的形成提供了适宜的水体条件,即温暖、动荡的浅水环境。此外,含鲕粒岩层内广泛发育钙质微生物和微生物席,说明微生物活动在研究区较为常见,可能与鲕粒的形成过程具有一定的关联。     

岩浆与构造作用对洋壳厚度的影响——以西北印度洋为例

洋中脊及邻区洋盆的洋壳厚度能很好地反映区域岩浆补给特征,对于研究洋中脊内部及周缘岩浆活动和构造演化过程具有很好的指示意义.西北印度洋中脊作为典型的慢速扩张洋中脊,其扩张过程与周缘构造活动具有很强的时空关系.本文利用剩余地幔布格重力异常反演了西北印度洋洋壳厚度,由此分析区域内洋壳厚度分布和岩浆补给特征.研究发现,西北印度洋洋壳平均厚度为7.8 km,受区域构造背景影响厚度变化较大.根据洋壳厚度的统计学分布特征,将区域内洋壳分为三种类型:薄洋壳(小于4.5 km)、正常洋壳(4.5~6.5 km)和厚洋壳(大于6.5 km),根据西北印度洋中脊周缘(~40 Ma内)洋壳厚度变化特征可将洋中脊划分为5段,发现洋中脊洋壳厚度受区域构造活动和地幔温度所控制,其中薄洋壳主要受转换断层影响造成区域洋壳厚度减薄,而厚洋壳主要受地幔温度和地幔柱作用影响,并在S4洋中脊段显示出较强的热点与洋中脊相互作用,同时微陆块的裂解和漂移也可能是导致洋壳厚度差异的原因之一.     

Geochemical characteristics of the Kuh-e Dom intrusion,Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (Iran): Implications for source regions and magmatic evolution

The Kuh-e Dom Pluton is located along the central northeastern margin of the Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, spanning a wide range of compositions from felsic rocks, including granite, granodiorite, and quartz monzonite, through to intermediate-mafic rocks comprising monzonite, monzodiorite, diorite, monzogabbro, and gabbro. The Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc forms a distinct linear magmatic complex that is aligned parallel with the orogenic suture of the Zagros fold-thrust belt. Most samples display characteristics of metaluminous, high-K calc-alkaline, I-type granitoids. The initial isotopic signatures range from εNd (47 Ma) = −4.77 to −5.89 and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr(i) = 0.7069 to 0.7074 for felsic rocks and εNd (47 Ma) = −3.04 to −4.06 and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr(i) = 0.7063 to 0.7067 for intermediate to mafic rocks. This geochemical and isotopic evidence support a mixed origin for the Kuh-e Dom hybrid granitoid with a range of contributions of both the crust and mantle, most probably by the interaction between lower crust- and mantle-derived magmas. It is seem, the felsic rocks incorporate about 56–74% lower crust-derived magma and about 26–44% of the enriched mantle-derived mafic magma. In contrast, 66–84% of the enriched mantle-derived mafic magma incorporates 16–34% of lower crust-derived magma to generate the intermediate-mafic rocks. According to the differences in chemical composition, the felsic rocks contain a higher proportion of crustal material than the intermediate to mafic ones. Enrichment in LILEs and depletion in HFSEs with marked negative Nb, Ba, and Ti anomalies are consistent with subduction-related magmatism in an active continental margin arc environment. This suggestion is consistent with the interpretation of the Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc as an active continental margin during subduction of the Neotethys oceanic crust beneath the Central Iranian microcontinent.     

激电中梯测量在龙湾套铜矿找矿中的应用

泗水县龙湾套铜矿为岩浆熔离型铜镍硫化物矿床,通过激电中梯测量圈定了若干激电异常,经工程验证,不但在这些异常中发现了9个铜矿体,而且各矿体的形态,规模与异常的形态,规模大致吻合.     

Formation of solid bituminous matter in pegmatites: Constraints from experimentally formed organic matter on microporous silicate minerals

The formation of solid bituminous matter (SBM) on surfaces of microporous silicates was experimentally studied at pressure and temperature conditions typical of late-stage magmatic and hydrothermal processes. Aliquots of microporous silicate minerals (zorite and kuzmenkoite-Mn, Lovozero Alkaline Massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia) were exposed to solid or liquid organic carbon sources (natural brown coal and liquid 1-hexene for synthesis purposes) in a 0.1 M NaCl-solution for 7 days, at constant pressure (50 MPa), and at three individual temperatures (200, 275, and 300 °C). No thermal decomposition of the solid organic sources happened at 200 °C and only a thin film of brown coal derivatives on the silicates’ surfaces and no formation of SBM were observed at 275 °C and 300 °C. But solid bituminous matter on the surfaces of both microporous silicates were detected in experiments with liquid 1-hexene as organic carbon source and at temperatures of 275 °C and 300 °C with a more pronounced formation of SBM at 300 °C compared to 275 °C. The aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, as well as alcoholic compounds of the experimentally produced SBM are similar, if not even partly identical, with natural SBM occurrences of the Khibiny and Lovozero Massifs, Kola Peninsula, Russia, and from the Viitaniemi granitic pegmatite, Finland, as shown by FT-IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. This strengthens the hypothesis of formation of natural solid bituminous matter by catalytic reactions between microporous Ti-, Nb- and Zr-silicates and hydrocarbons at postmagmatic hydrothermal conditions.     

长乐-南澳构造带燕山期(J-K)TTG岩石组合及其地质意义

长乐-南澳构造带火成岩类多年来备受国内外地学界关注和瞩目,但对其构造环境的认识却存在较大分歧.本文通过分析构造带燕山期(J-K)火成岩类的时空分布、岩石学特征及其TTG岩石组合等,讨论厘定构造带的构造性质与岩浆源区.据构造带花岗岩类岩石结构构造特征、锆石SHRIMP U-Pb与LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年,测年结果集中分布于200~191Ma、155~97Ma与84~69Ma三个区间,暗示构造带燕山期(J-K)岩浆活动可以划分为三个阶段:(1)早侏罗世(J₁),以片麻岩类与糜棱岩类为主;(2)晚侏罗世-早白垩世(J₃-K₁),片麻状花岗岩类占优势;(3)晚白垩世(K₂),出现大量的晶洞花岗岩类与脉岩类.采用O'Connor An-Ab-Or标准矿物分类方案识别TTG岩石组合获知,早侏罗世(J₁)与晚侏罗世-早白垩世(J₃-K₁)时,构造带存在TTG岩石组合;晚白垩世(K₂)时,构造带TTG岩石组合消失,发育典型的双峰式火成岩.TTG岩石组合以钙性(C)和中钾钙碱性(MKCA)为主,显示奥长花岗岩演化趋势(Tdj),具大陆边缘弧花岗岩(CAG)的特征,由此可推断长乐-南澳构造带燕山期(J-K)构造性质为主动大陆边缘弧.构造带发育两类成因机制的TTG岩石组合,分别来自不同的岩浆源区:具镁安山质(MA)性质的TTG岩浆来源于玄武质洋壳的脱水融熔,具正常安山质(A)性质的TTG岩浆来源于陆壳底部玄武质岩石的局部熔融.     

基于网络药理学和分子对接研究人参-茯苓治疗COPD的作用机制

目的：基于网络药理学和分子对接探讨人参-茯苓药对治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的作用机制。方法：通过TCMSP数据库获取人参-茯苓的活性成分及靶点,在GeneCards和OMIM数据库中收集COPD的相关靶点,运用Venny 2.1获取药物-疾病的共同靶点。通过Cytoscape 3.8.2构建药物-活性成分-共同靶点-疾病及核心靶点网络图。使用R软件绘制核心靶点条形图,对共同靶点进行基因本体（GO）功能及京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析,并采用分子对接技术对关键靶点和主要活性成分的结合能力加以验算。结果：共获得37个有效药物成分,137个映射靶点,7389个疾病靶点,61个交集靶点。初步预测人参-茯苓药对治疗COPD主要与苯代南蛇碱（Celabenzine）、阿朴天仙子碱（Aposiopola mine)、灌木远志酮A(Frutinone A)、马卡因(Iner min)等活性成分密切相关;主要包括细胞色素P4503A4酶（CYP3A4）、内皮一氧化氮合成酶（NOS3）、V-rel网状内皮细胞过多症病毒癌基因同源物A（RELA）、信号传导与转录激活因子1（STAT1）等核心靶点;GO功能富集分析提示涉及93个生物过程,KEGG通路富集分析显示涉及29条通路;分子对接结果显示对接构象合理。结论：人参-茯苓药对治疗COPD是通过多成分、多靶点、多途径协同发挥治疗作用。     

基于网络药理学探讨滋补精血、温肾暖宫药物治疗卵巢功能异常疾病的作用机制

目的：基于网络药理学探讨滋补精血、温肾暖宫中药治疗卵巢功能异常疾病的作用机制。方法：采用TCMSP平台获取具有滋补精血、温肾暖宫作用的桑椹、覆盆子、小茴香的活性成分和靶点;网络药理学方法涉及“药物-成分-靶点”网络图的构建和靶点预测。运用京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）数据库确定桑椹、覆盆子、小茴香与卵巢功能异常疾病集群网络的重要信号通路。采用分子对接软件对主要活性成分与核心靶点蛋白进行计算机模拟对接,预测主要成分与核心靶点的结合度。结果：筛选出欧前胡素、β-谷甾醇、槲皮素等10个有效成分,对应于桑椹、覆盆子、小茴香的196个靶点。此外,549个基因与卵巢功能异常疾病密切相关,其中87个与桑椹、覆盆子、小茴香的靶点重叠,被认为与治疗相关。KEGG通路富集分析显示桑椹、覆盆子、小茴香主要作用于卵巢功能异常疾病相关的炎症、卵巢类固醇生成及生长激素的合成分泌和作用等信号通路。分子对接结果显示主要活性成分欧前胡素、β-谷甾醇、槲皮素与靶点均能自发结合。结论：具有滋补精血、温肾暖宫作用的桑椹、覆盆子、小茴香通过多组分、多靶点和多途径协同治疗卵巢功能异常疾病,为后续进一步研究桑椹、覆盆子、小茴香的活性成分及作用机制提供了依据。