宁夏清水营井田延安组层段划分及沉积环境演化

依据岩性组合特征对清水营井田延安组含煤地层进行了层段划分,并对各层段的沉积环境进行了分析,认为延安组沉积环境是以河流作用为主的湖泊三角洲相,其形成经历了冲积平原、浅湖三角洲又复向冲积平原过渡的充填演化过程．每一充填阶段均具有明显的周期性变化,这种充填形式决定了本区中侏罗世的聚煤特点．聚煤作用主要发生于废弃的三角洲平原之上,并形成区内具有工业价值的主要煤层。     

大庆油田葡萄花油层组储层非均质性

笔者根据大庆油田测井资料二次解释的孔隙度(φ)、泥质含量(Vsh)、粒度中值(Md)、束缚水饱和度(Swi)等资料,借助BP网络对渗透率进行预测,对该油田中部葡萄花油层组的非均质性进行了定量-半定量研究,认为大庆油田中部葡萄花油层组PI2小层层内非均质性最严重,与沉积微相密切相关;单砂层垂向上渗透率的变化以正韵律和复合式韵律为主,局部发育反韵律模式.经对葡萄花油层组PI1-PI4系统研究(PI表示葡萄花油层组一段;PI1为次一级分层,以下名称类推),层内非均质性强弱依次为PI2a、PI3、PI2b、PI1、PI4;层间非均质性在PI3 和PI4间表现得最强,其它相对要弱;各小层平面非均质性相差无几,整体表现为较强的非均质性.     

铜仁地区陡山沱期盖帽碳酸盐岩地质地球化学特征及其成因

通过对贵州铜仁地区陡山沱期盖帽碳酸盐岩进行野外地质观察与室内岩石薄片显微镜下观察和研究,发现盖帽碳酸盐岩普遍发育有晶洞构造、帐篷构造、层状裂隙及包卷状构造等特殊沉积构造,重晶石、黄铁矿广泛发育,δ(13C)(2个研究剖面平均值分别为-4.73×10-3,-4.52×10-3)普遍显著负偏。研究区盖帽碳酸盐岩的地质地球化学特征依据"甲烷渗漏"成因假说能够较合理地解释。     

Biostratigraphy of the Garau Formation (Berriasian?–lower Cenomanian) in central part of Lurestan zone,northwest of Zagros,Iran

Deposition of organic rich black shales and dark gray argillaceous limestones in the Berriasian–Turonian interval has been documented in many parts of the world. Northwest of Zagros, Iran (Lurestan zone), thin bedded black shales and marls, dark gray argillaceous limestones and fissile limestone layers, having bitumen, of the Garau Formation are deposited. For biostratigraphic studies two stratigraphic sections including one surface section (Kuzaran) and one subsurface section (Naft well) were selected, respectively. In this study, 61 foraminiferal species belonging to 17 genera have been identified, and 12 biozones were recognized. Based on fossils distribution and biozones identification, the age of the Garau Formation is Berriasian?–early Cenomanian. In addition, the micropalaeontological study demonstrated a variety of widespread morphological changes in planktonic foraminifera assemblages (e.g., the elongation of the final chambers, appearance of twin chambers in the last whorl). These changes coincide with deposition of argillaceous limestones and marls rich in organic matter, indicating oceanic anoxic events. On this basis, three oceanic anoxic events such as OAE1a, OAE1b and OAE1d were recognized in Naft well section and two (OAE1b and OAE1d) in Kuzaran section.     

Petrography and geochemistry of clastic sedimentary rocks as evidences for provenance of the Lower Cambrian Lalun Formation, Posht-e-badam block, Central Iran

Petrography and geochemistry (major, trace and rare earth elements) of clastic rocks from the Lower Cambrian Lalun Formation, in the Posht-e-badam block, Central Iran, have been investigated to understand their provenance. Petrographical analysis suggests that the Lalun conglomerates are dominantly with chert clasts derived from a proximal source, probably chert bearing Precambrian Formations. Similarly, purple sandstones are classified as litharenite (chertarenite) and white sandstones as quartzarenite types. The detrital modes of purple and white sandstones indicate that they were derived from recycled orogen (uplifted shoulders of rift) and stable cratonic source. Most major and trace element contents of purple sandstones are generally similar to upper continental crust (UCC) values. However, white sandstones are depleted in major and trace elements (except SiO₂, Zr and Co) relative to UCC, which is mainly due to the presence of quartz and absence of other Al-bearing minerals. Shale samples have considerably lower content in most of the major and trace elements concentration than purple sandstones, which is possibly due to intense weathering and recycling. Modal composition (e.g., quartz, feldspar, lithic fragments) and geochemical indices (Th/Sc, La/Sc, Co/Th, Cr/Th, Cr/V and V/Ni ratios) of sandstones, and shales (La/Sc and La/Cr ratios) indicate that they were derived from felsic source rocks and deposited in a passive continental margin. The chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns of the studied samples are characterized by LREE enrichment, negative Eu anomaly and flat HREE similar to an old upper continental crust composed chiefly of felsic components in the source area. The study of paleoweathering conditions based on modal composition, chemical index of alteration (CIA), plagioclase index of alteration (PIA) and A–CN–K (Al₂O₃ − CaO + Na₂O − K₂O) relationships indicate that probably chemical weathering in the source area and recycling processes have been more important in shale and white sandstones relative to purple sandstones. The results of this study suggest that the main source for the Lalun Formation was likely located in uplifted shoulders of a rifted basin (probably a pull-apart basin) in its post-rift stage (Pan-African basement of the Posht-e-badam block).     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部昆虫化石

鄂尔多斯盆地南部下白垩统环河－华池组昆虫化石，共有９个属种，其中有３个新属５个新种，包括未正式发表的１个属种的模式标本。这些昆虫化石在鄂尔多斯盆地是首次发现与公布的，不但丰富了该盆地的化石门类，也为地层划分与对比提供了新资料。     

川东北飞仙关组沉积控储机理研究

在礁滩型碳酸盐岩储层中,沉积对储层发育的控制作用至关重要。以川东北普光和元坝地区的下三叠统飞仙关组台地边缘浅滩相储层为例,在沉积背景及其演化分析的基础上,研究了飞仙关组沉积亚相及微相发育特征,划分并描述了典型钻井储层高频旋回,讨论了层序演化对储层发育的控制作用,高频旋回发育及其与孔隙发育的相关性、相对海平面变化与储层非均质性的关系,以及沉积、成岩环境对储层早期孔隙发育的控制作用。     

锡林浩特东部早白垩世白音高老组岩石地球化学特征、LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

锡林浩特东部白音高老组火山岩主要由石泡流纹岩、珍珠岩、碎斑熔岩、流纹质熔结凝灰岩等组成。LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年显示,火山岩形成于134 Ma~139 Ma之间的早白垩世。岩石地球化学研究表明:该组火山岩具有高硅、高钾、高Fe OT/Mg O比值(4.88~19.09),贫镁、钙特征,属高钾钙-碱性岩系;稀土元素表现为稀土总量较高(∑REE=82.02~436.61)、轻重稀土分馏明显(LaN/YbN=2.23~20.74)、属轻稀土富集型(LRE/HRE=2.71~11.87)、Eu负异常显著(δEu=0.06~0.42);微量元素特征表现为大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、Th、U、K相对较为富集,高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta相对亏损,而Ba、Sr、Zr、Ti强烈亏损,与A2型花岗岩特征相似。其岩浆来源为典型的壳源岩浆系列,是陆壳岩石部分熔融的产物,形成于造山后的张性构造环境。     

四川广元长江沟大隆组的沉积特征及与烃源岩关系的研究

四川广元长江沟上二叠统大隆组是以灰岩为主夹泥岩的沉积类型,生物群组合面貌十分丰富,沉积特征以还原、低能、低速、缺氧为特点。根据生物群组合面貌和沉积特征,其形成环境应为较深"浅水",而并非"半深海"。本区大隆组由于生物多样性和始终处于特殊的斜坡和缺氧环境,具有优质烃源岩特征,有机碳平均含量达5%,是四川今后寻找油气的有效标志层。     

辽南复州湾太原组的燕海扇类

本文记述了发现于辽南复州湾上石炭统太原组的燕海扇类,计5属17种。讨论了Annuliconcha与Paradoxipecten的属征及有关问题。上述发现在东北地区尚属首次。