青海尖扎—同仁地区隆务峡蛇绿岩的形成时代及意义——来自辉长岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄的证据

隆务峡蛇绿岩位于青海省同仁县,大地构造位置处于西秦岭和南祁连造山带的结合部位。蛇绿岩年代学对于研究造山带构造演化和恢复古洋-陆板块构造格局至关重要。对隆务峡蛇绿岩中的辉长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为250.1Ma±2.2Ma(MSWD=0.7),代表了辉长岩的结晶年龄,表明隆务峡蛇绿岩是晚二叠世—早三叠世西秦岭与南祁连之间古洋盆扩张过程中岩浆活动的产物。而呈岩株侵入到蛇绿岩中的花岗闪长岩的年龄(244Ma±1.4Ma)晚于蛇绿岩中辉长岩的年龄,但早于区域上大量存在的印支期花岗岩,可能记录了蛇绿岩的侵位时代。     

Compositional Variation and Mineral Chemistry of the Jinshajiang and Lancangjiang Serpentinites,Yunnan Province,SW China

We present the whole rock and the mineral chemical data for upper mantle peridotites from the San-Jiang region in Yunnan, SW China. These peridotites are a part of a Paleo-Tethyan ophiolite belt occurring along the Jinshajiang and Lancangjiang suture zones. All samples of the Jinshajiang and Lancangjiang ultramafic rocks are completely serpentinized. The Jinshajiang serpentinites are characterized by no relict of olivine and pyroxene, and the Cr# content of spinels is 0.32–0.49. The Lancangjiang serpentinites were collected from two different locations; the northern location which has some relict of Opx(Al2O3 is 0.13–2.2 wt%, TiO 2 is 0.004–0.057 wt% and Mg# content is 0.895–0.933) and the Cr# content of spinel is 0.26-0.55; the southern location, which has some relict of Olivine(Fo = 90–92.5 and NiO = 0.12–0.26 wt%), and spinel Cr# ranging from 0.41 to 0.57. The whole rock geochemical and the mineral chemistry data imply that the Jinshajiang and Lancangjiang serpentinites represent abyssal peridotites residues after ~15–20% partial melting for the Jinshajiang and Lancangjiang serpentinites(south location), and ~11–19% partial melting for the Lancangjiang serpentinites(north location). In addition, the compositional trends of the spinel analyses of the Lancangjiang serpentinites imply that the MORB melt-peridotite interaction process played a significant role during their evolution. These processes are evidenced by an increase in Cr# with an increase in TiO 2, whereas the spinel analyses of the Jinshajiang serpentinites display an increase in Cr# with a decrease in Ti O2, indicating that the Jinshajiang serpentinites were subjected to a simple partial melting process.     

雅鲁藏布江开合带蛇绿岩地层

对西藏地层清理发现，沿雅鲁藏布江构造带分布的蛇绿岩，为具有类同正常沉积和沉积火山岩一样的有层、有序、有沉积构造及时代新老关系的蛇绿岩地层，它是特提斯洋开裂形成期的产物，赋予地层学的涵义，命名为雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩群，从下至上建立变质橄榄岩组、堆积杂岩组、辉绿岩床（墙）组、枕状熔岩组及放射虫硅质岩、浊积岩组。它们构成完整的五套结构地层组合，生成时代为侏罗纪－白垩纪。新近区调成果表明，沿雅鲁藏布江构造带尚有中三叠世－晚三叠世时期蛇绿岩地层存在的可能性。雅鲁藏布江侏罗纪－白垩纪地层区划，其北与冈底斯－念青唐古拉地层区的界线，应划在日喀则群北界；其南应是雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩群以南为界，南界同时是板块碰撞闭合边界或构造区划边界。     

新疆西准噶尔蛇绿岩形成时代和环境的探讨

西准噶尔位于西伯利亚,哈萨克斯坦和塔里木3个大陆板块的交汇处,其间存在着不同时代的洋壳残片,有晚寒武世—中奥陶世(523.2±7.2—489±53Ma)形成的夏坦河—唐巴勒蛇绿岩带,有志留纪和泥盆纪—早石炭世(395±1.2Ma)形成的玛依拉和达拉布特蛇绿岩带,有奥陶纪(444±27Ma)形成的洪古勒楞蛇绿岩带。按其岩石组合及地球化学特征可分为两种类型,即唐巴勒和洪古勒楞两类。前着代表弧后盆地拉张的产物,后者是在洋脊环境下形成的。从其分布大致可以反映出西准噶尔古生代洋盆不断向大陆俯冲的痕迹。     

新疆西天山达鲁巴依蛇绿岩地质特征

新疆西天山达鲁巴依达坂一带发现的震旦系蛇绿岩，位于塔里木板块北部大陆边缘与伊犁地块的缝合线上，被命名为达鲁巴依蛇绿岩，呈残块状分布于那拉提南缘断裂南侧的构造混杂带中，剖面出露较好，岩石化学、地球化学特征显示为大洋岛屿环境，是震旦纪晚期伊犁地块从塔里木板块裂解时的产物．     

北疆地区阿尔曼太蛇绿岩锆石SHRIMP年龄及其大地构造意义

东准噶尔带阿尔曼太蛇绿岩是中亚造山带南部的重要构造单元,记录了古亚洲洋的演化,但其时代一直是学术界争论的焦点问题之一。本文报道阿尔曼太蛇绿岩中斜长花岗岩锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄。9组测试数据给出了较好的206Pb/238U年龄503±7Ma(MSWD=1.2)。结合相关大地构造解剖与前人的年龄数据,本文认为阿尔曼太蛇绿岩是古亚洲洋在晚寒武世-早奥陶世的残余,与岛弧火山岩组成洋内弧。该洋内弧向北拼贴到阿尔泰地体南缘,形成科迪勒拉型俯冲边缘。东准噶尔带是阿尔泰南缘在古生代向南增生的弧碰撞-增生造山带,对大陆侧向增生具有重要意义。     

Volcanism in Sanjiang Tethyan Orogenic Belt:New Facts and Concepts

Sanjiang area in Southwestern China is tectonically sit-uated at the east end of Himalaya-Tethys tectonic do-main and at the conjunction of Tethyan MountainChain and Circum-Pacific Mountain Chain.It is one ofthe key areas to understand the global tectonics and alsoone of gigantic metallogenic provinces in China and evenin the world.Volcanism had occurred during the periodof time from Proterozoic to Cenozoic.The most impor-tant and active periods of volcanism,however,areCarboniferous,Permian and Triassic.The pattern ofspatial distribution of Sanjiang volcanic rocks andophiolites can essentially be described as that severalintra——continental micro-massif volcanic districts arerespectively sandwiched between each two of four couplingophiolite—are volcanic belts,which are successively fromwest to east:Dingqing-Nujiang belt,Laneangjiangbelt,Jinshajiang belt and Ganzi-Litang belt.Fourtectono-magmatic types of volcanic rocks have been recognized in Sanjiang area as follows:mid-ocean-ridge/para-mid-ocean-rid     

蛇绿岩研究之检讨与反思:以“双沟蛇绿岩”为例

"双沟蛇绿岩"是笔者最早研究的蛇绿岩之一,位于云南哀牢山带。双沟出露的岩石有二辉橄榄岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩、斜长花岗岩、玄武岩、硅质岩等。辉长岩亏损LREE,锆石U-Pb年龄为362～328Ma。玄武岩具N-MORB和E-MORB的特征,锆石U-Pb年龄为249Ma。研究认为,"双沟蛇绿岩"可能产于陆间小洋盆或裂谷或裂陷槽背景。但是,双沟没有可信的深海沉积和混杂堆积的记录,虽然岩石组合类似蛇绿岩,地球化学也具有MORB的特征,暗示双沟可能不是一个典型的蛇绿岩。如果双沟不是蛇绿岩,则晚古生代的哀牢山带就不存在一个有一定规模的洋盆,也不可能存在大陆碰撞的记录。双沟不是蛇绿岩是什么?可能是造山橄榄岩(Orogenic peridotite)。造山橄榄岩与蛇绿岩的岩石组合类似,蛇绿岩的橄榄岩产于洋壳之下;造山橄榄岩产于陆壳之下。检讨双沟蛇绿岩的研究,反思蛇绿岩的概念。笔者认为,斯泰因曼的"三位一体"概念是合适的,1972年彭罗斯会议的决议是正确的,1996年怀柔会议构造学家对蛇绿岩概念的理解是对的。考虑到混杂堆积对于蛇绿岩的重要性,建议将混杂堆积也作为与蛇绿岩相伴的一个重要指标加进来。如果这个想法合适,则一个完整的蛇绿岩组合将由三个要素组成:1)岩浆岩(包括地幔岩、堆晶岩、侵入岩和火山岩,代表大洋岩石圈的物质组成); 2)深海沉积(代表洋盆顶部的物质组成); 3)混杂堆积(代表洋盆消失、陆块碰撞的构造产物)。蛇绿岩不同于其他岩浆岩,其研究需要特殊的方法和思路,明白这一点,蛇绿岩研究才能走上正轨。双沟蛇绿岩研究遇到危机,中国其他一些蛇绿岩也可能需要重新审视。因此,检讨双沟蛇绿岩,对反思蛇绿岩的研究具有一定的意义。     

西准达尔布特蛇绿岩中辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年

达尔布特蛇绿岩中辉长岩LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb测年,16个测点在谐和曲线图²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U-²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U中构成比较集中的锆石群,获得²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄391.1±6.8Ma,MSWD= 0.97（95%置信度）,代表了辉长岩的结晶年龄,据此确定达尔布特蛇绿岩形成于中泥盆世,该年龄的确认为准确约束达尔布特蛇绿岩的形成及西准噶尔板块构造演化提供了重要的佐证。     

西秦岭天水地区关子镇蛇绿岩的厘定及其地质意义

西秦岭天水地区关子镇蛇绿岩由变质基性火山岩(斜长角闪片岩)和蛇纹岩、变辉石岩、变辉长岩等构造岩块组成。其中的变质基性火山岩具有N-MORB的地球化学特征，显示关子镇蛇绿岩是洋脊型蛇绿岩残片，是新元古代一早古生代期间西秦岭李子园-关子镇-武山洋盆扩张过程中岩浆活动的产物，代表了东秦岭商丹斗早古生代古缝合带在西秦岭造山带向西延伸的组成部分。