新疆东准噶尔阿尔曼太蛇绿岩中玄武岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

阿尔曼太蛇绿岩带位于新疆东准噶尔地区,蛇绿岩中变质橄榄岩、堆晶岩、基性火山岩较发育,层序组合虽受构造破坏,但从总体来看仍是一套组合比较完整的蛇绿岩,岩石变形变质强烈,普遍发生绿泥石化、绿帘石化。蛇绿岩中基性熔岩可分为3种类型,即洋岛玄武岩(OIB)、洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)和岛弧玄武岩(IAT)。其中洋岛玄武岩不属于蛇绿岩成分,是后期卷入蛇绿岩带随其他组分一同构造就位而成;基性熔岩主量和微量元素特征揭示岩浆源于亏损的地幔源区,且存在消减组分加入的交代作用,表明其成因与俯冲作用有关。结合岩石地球化学特征和构造环境判别图解,基性熔岩显示出IAT和MORB兼具并呈现过渡的特点,推断该蛇绿岩的形成与岛弧相关,其形成可能介于洋脊到海沟之间的偏海沟区域。     

广西龙胜蛇绿岩的元素和同位素地球化学研究

广西北部新元古代早期龙胜蛇绿岩中火山岩的主量和微量元素地球化学特征非常类似于现代岛弧火山岩，并具有一致的但较低的εNd(t)值（—+1.0），表明其源区不可能是高度亏损型地幔源，而很可能来源于亏损程度较低的地幔源。龙胜蛇绿岩很可能形成于大陆弧靠大陆一侧的弧后盆地扩张阶段，或在大陆弧伸展-减薄过程中形成。     

The Acoje Block Platiniferous Dunite Horizon, Zambales Ophiolite Complex, Philippines: Melt Type and Associated Geochemical Controls

Abstract: The Zambales Ophiolite Complex, a supra-subduction zone ophiolite, is made up of the mid-ocean ridge-related Coto block and the island arc-related Acoje block. This crust-mantle sequence hosts platinum-group elements (PGE) in the Acoje block. The melts responsible for the PGE-bearing nickel sulfide and chromitite deposits are of magmatic origin characterized by high-MgO basalt to boninitic composition which, being second or third-stage melts, carry higher PGE budgets. Metal ratio diagrams, utilizing base and precious metals, reveal that the distribution and deposition of the PGE in the Acoje block are affected by olivine, chromite and sulfide crystallization. The generation, accumulation and segregation of the PGE, oxide and sulfide minerals from the melts are governed by the combined factors of high degrees of partial melting, multiple melt replenishment with concomitant magma mixing and fractional crystallization. Although previous sulfide segregation events could have occurred below the PGE-bearing nickel sulfide horizon as shown by the Ni/Cu (>1), the Cu/Pd and Ni/Pd strongly suggest that the main platiniferous zone is confined within the Acoje block transition zone dunite.     

Geochronology and Geochemistry of the Middle Proterozoic Aoyougou Ophiolite in the North Qilian Mountains,Northwestern China

The Aoyougou ophiolite lies in an early Palaeozoic orogenic belt of the western North Qilian Mountains, near the Aoyougou valley in Gansu Province, northwestern China. It consists of serpentinite, a cumulate sequence of gabbro and diorite, pillow and massive lavas, diabase and chert. Ages of 1840±2 Ma, 1783±2 Ma and 1784±2 Ma on three zircons from diabase, indicate an early Middle Proterozoic age. The diabases and basalts show light rare-earth element enrichment and have relatively high TiO2 contents, characteristic of ocean island basalts. All of the lavas have low MgO, Cr, Ni contents and Mg numbers indicating a more evolved character. They are believed to have been derived from a more mafic parental magma by fractionation of olivine, Cr-spinel and minor plagioclase. Based on the lava geochemistry and regional geology, the Aoyougou ophiolite was probably believed to have formed at a spreading centre in a small marginal basin. Subduction of the newly formed oceanic lithosphere in the Middle Proteroz     

青藏高原安多岛弧型蛇绿岩地球化学及成因

安多蛇绿岩位于西藏安多县城北侧、班公错-怒江缝合带中段.该蛇绿岩块呈近东西向展布,长约25km,宽约5km,主要由低钾拉斑玄武岩和辉长岩组成.高精度ICP-MS分析结果表明,玄武岩和辉长岩稀土总量较低,均具有亏损型稀土配分型式,∑REE =29×10-6～44×10-6, ∑LREE/∑HREE=0.90～1.06, (La/Yb)N=0.29～0.41, (Ce/Yb)N=0.42～0.60, 表明其源于N-MORB型亏损地幔源区.然而,相对于典型的大洋中脊玄武岩(N-MORB)而言,其Nb和Ta,尤其是Nb含量明显偏低(Nb=0.6×10-6～3.13×10-6, 平均1.19×10-6 ; Ta=0.072×10-6～0.253×10-6, 平均0.105×10-6), 在N-MORB标准化痕量元素配分图上具显著的Nb谷.表明安多玄武岩+辉长岩组合既非典型的洋中脊成因,又与岛弧型火山岩有一定区别,它们很可能形成于边缘海(弧后)盆地环境,由于消减带之上的地幔对流导致新洋壳的产生而形成,是特提斯大洋岩石圈在俯冲过程中引发弧后次级扩张的产物.     

武山蛇绿岩的特征、同位素年代及其地质意义

武山蛇绿岩位于北秦岭西段、商丹断裂西延之北 ,岩石组成主要为超基性岩、变质的基性侵入岩、枕状玄武岩及大理岩。变玄武岩的岩石地球化学特征显示为钙碱性玄武岩 ,形成于大陆裂谷至初始洋盆环境 ,其Sm -Nd等时线年龄为 15 70Ma ,反映原始岩浆形成于中元古代 ,属大陆地壳演化早期的蛇绿岩     

雅鲁藏布江航磁异常带性质及其意义

航磁概查发现雅鲁藏布江航磁异常带东西相连长达1400km,它由北、南2条线性异常带构成,并认为它由沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带侵位的北、南2条蛇绿岩带引起,且以北带为主,即雅鲁藏布江缝合带是由2条蛇绿岩带组成,而不是过去地学界所认同的一条。航磁异常带实质上是雅鲁藏布江缝合带存在的客观反映,不仅为识别缝合带提供了比较典型的磁场模式,也为探讨新特提斯洋演化、可能存在2次开合过程,提供了新的依据。     

南天山北缘榆树沟变质基性超基性岩的地球化学及其成因机制

榆树沟变质基性－超基性岩带出露于塔里木板块与哈萨克斯坦板块之间的南天山北缘，主要由变质橄榄岩和变质基性岩组成。变质橄榄岩富相容元素Cr、Co和Ni，贫不相容元素，太离子亲石元素Ba、Rb和Sr含量较低，与世界典型蛇绿岩相似，代表了地幔残留物特征。REE分布模式为LREE亏损型，REE含量小于或等于2．5倍球粒陨石，类似于阿尔卑斯型变质橄榄岩，显示榆树沟的变质橄榄岩是原始地幔岩部分熔融萃取出玄武岩后的残留物。变质基性岩绝大部分为LREE亏损型，类似于N－MORB。所有样品均以富集Nb和Ta、高场强元素不分异，以及微量元素含量低为特征，批示岩浆源区总体上类似于MORB，Nb、Ta富集可能与OIB型源区有关，Nd、Sr同位素特征也显示其具有OIB型源区特征。综合分析认为，榆对沟变质基性岩石的岩浆可能经历了两个阶段的演化过程，即上地幔底部或下地幔顶部的OIB型原始岩浆形成阶段和软流圈地幔亏损阶段。     

Petrology of the Hegenshan ophiolite and its implication for the tectonic evolution of northern China

Petrographic observations, and mineralogical and geochemical analyses, have revealed that the Hegenshan ophiolite is of mid-ocean ridge origin and has been subjected to dynamothermal metamorphism at medium P/T conditions. The metamorphism is characterized by a prograde change in paragenesis from the greenschist to epidote-amphibolite facies, with peak temperature conditions of 570-640°C at pressures of 4-10 kbar. The amphiboles formed by this metamorphism show K-Ar ages of 110-130 Ma. The metamorphic conditions and K-Ar ages suggest that the Hegenshan ophiolite is located at the suture between the Siberian and North China continental blocks, where the continental collision in this area took place in middle Mesozoic time. Given the temporal and spatial distribution of the igneous activity around the Da Hinggan Ling Mountains, it is suggested that the extensive Yanshanian magmatism in this region resulted predominantly from a southward subduction of an oceanic plate prior to collision. Alternatively, it may possibly have resulted from the collision itself, at the final stage.     

关于冀东太古宙蛇绿岩的几个问题

最近美国学者Kusky博士和北京大学李江海教授在各种国际会议和Science等报章杂志上,报道他们在冀东发现了世界上最古老的25亿年的东湾子蛇绿岩以及遵化和辽西地区的蛇绿混杂岩和豆荚状铬铁矿。冀东是否存在蛇绿岩存在争论。我们的研究表明,所谓的太古宙东湾子蛇绿岩尚难成立。原因是他们所报道的蛇绿岩的所有组成岩石均多多少少存在问题:(1)东湾子蛇绿岩是否存在地幔橄榄岩还不能确定,Kusky和李江海等所说的地幔橄榄岩或方辉橄榄构造岩(harzburgite tectonite),经研究主要由富铁质的辉石岩和角闪石岩组成,且与辉长岩单元之间未直接接触,因此,上述超基性岩是否是太古宙的也不能肯定。(2)辉长岩的矿物组合中有少量原生黑云母出现,是蛇绿岩组合中罕见的。(3)席状岩墙群不成立,既无对称的冷凝边,也无不对称的冷凝边;所谓的岩墙群主要由辉石岩和角闪石岩组成,并非基性岩浆:辉石岩和角闪石岩的地球化学特征暗示其可能来自板块内部构造环境,也非蛇绿岩的特点。(4)与超基性岩伴生的铬铁矿富Fe和Cr,类似于产于古老地块的、与富铁质超基性岩有关的铬铁矿的特征,而非蛇绿岩的豆荚状铬铁矿。(5)缺少能够支持东湾子为蛇绿岩的详细和系统的地球化学资料。因此,根据目前的认识,冀东太古宙是否存在蛇绿岩仍然是一个不确?