基于Modis地表温度的青藏高原东部及其邻近地区气温估算(英文)

Climatic conditions are difficult to obtain in high mountain regions due to few meteorological stations and, if any, their poorly representative location designed for convenient operation. Fortunately, it has been shown that remote sensing data could be used to estimate near-surface air temperature (Ta) and other climatic conditions. This paper makes use of recorded meteorological data and MODIS data on land surface temperature (Ts) to estimate monthly mean air temperatures in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau and its neighboring areas. A total of 72 weather stations and 84 MODIS images for seven years (2001 to 2007) are used for analysis. Regression analysis and spatio-temporal analysis of monthly mean Ts vs. monthly mean Ta are carried out, showing that recorded Ta is closely related to MODIS Ts in the study region. The regression analysis of monthly mean Ts vs. Ta for every month of all stations shows that monthly mean Ts can be rather accurately used to estimate monthly mean Ta (R2 ranging from 0.62 to 0.90 and standard error between 2.25℃ and 3.23℃). Thirdly, the retrieved monthly mean Ta for the whole study area varies between 1.62℃ (in January, the coldest month) and 17.29℃ (in July, the warmest month), and for the warm season (May-September), it is from 13.1℃ to 17.29℃. Finally, the elevation of isotherms is higher in the central mountain ranges than in the outer margins; the 0℃ isotherm occurs at elevation of about 4500±500 m in October, dropping to 3500±500 m in January, and ascending back to 4500±500 m in May next year. This clearly shows that MODIS Ts data combining with observed data could be used to rather accurately estimate air temperature in mountain regions.     

新几何光学核的验证以及用核驱动模型反演地表反照率(之二)

基于核驱动模型的AMBRALS程序将用于提供MODIS的反照率和二向反射产品;该文提出一个新的几何光学核-LiTransit核,用以取代目前AMBRALS运行程序中的LiSparseR核。当植被及阴蔚总面积在视场中比例接近于;时,新核由LiSparseR核向LiDens。核自然诫。因而新核兼有公Sparse·核面LiDense核的优点,比LiSparseR核更符合几何光学模型的基本原理。对于29组地面观测数据的反演试验表明;LiTrarisit核有与LiSparse核相当的数据拟合能力,,外推到大的天顶角时有.ense核的稳定性;与LiSparseR核比较,RossThick-LiTransit的核组合更能反映直入扇出反照率随太阳天顶角变化的趋势。用NOAA AVHRR多时相数据反演的结果,也表明RossThick-LiTransit组合在反演甲更为稳定。     

Tropical forest monitoring and remote sensing: A new era of transparency in forest governance?

The extent of tropical deforestation is now being tracked by actors in the nongovernmental, academic, private and government sectors using several different sources of satellite imagery. This paper presents an overview of the satellite systems that can be used for operational forest monitoring in the tropics and examines some recent trends in their use. It also reviews various satellite-based studies to map moist tropical forests and draws upon lessons learned from land cover mapping projects in several countries and regions. The case of Indonesia, examined as a nation undergoing rapid conversion of forest to other land uses, is contrasted with Brazil where satellite-based deforestation monitoring is fully operational. In Indonesia, the paper argues, the creation of a national monitoring system for tropical forest conversion is needed to create a source of transparent, reliable information on forest cover and condition. Such a system is likely to succeed if based on multitemporal, moderate-resolution optical data such as imagery provided by MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer). When MODIS images are complemented by radar and fine-resolution imagery from sensors such as IKONOS and QuickBird, areas of abrupt change can be identified and the causes potentially discerned. Thus, satellite imagery at multiple temporal and spatial resolutions can effectively increase transparency in the forestry sector by revealing the rate and extent of deforestation on an annual basis and identifying potential areas of illegal logging.     

MODIS干旱监测模型各参数权值分析

以湖北省2003年6、7月份的数据作为试验数据，MODIS干旱监测模型采用最大连续有云天数、最大连续无云天数、无云百分比和昼夜温差，并分析各参数的显著性和独立性以及对干旱监测的贡献程度．从而确定各参数在模型中的影响权。结果验证了各参数的显著性和独立性，在没有地面数据验证的情况下．可认为其在模型中近似等权；利用最大连续有云天数、最大连续无云天数、无云百分比和昼夜温差就能很好地监测旱情。     

Analysis of volcanic activity patterns using MODIS thermal alerts

We investigate eruptive activity by analysis of thermal-alert data from the MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectrometer) thermal infrared satellite instrument, detected by the MODVOLC (MODIS Volcano alert) algorithm. These data are openly available on the Internet, and easy to use. We show how such data can plug major gaps in the conventional monitoring record of volcanoes in an otherwise generally poorly documented region (Melanesia), including: characterising the mechanism of lava effusion at Pago; demonstrating an earlier-than-realised onset of lava effusion at Lopevi; extending the known period of lava lake activity at Ambrym; and confirming ongoing activity at Bagana, Langila and Tinakula. We also add to the record of activity even at some generally better-monitored volcanoes in Indonesia, but point out that care must be taken to recognise and exclude fires.Editorial responsibility: J Stix     

Monitoring and simulation of water, heat,and CO2 fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems based on the APEIS-FLUX system

1IntroductionInJune1992,theworldsummitorganizedbytheUnitedNations,withparticipantsincludingnationalleadersfromaroundtheworld,concludedwithAgenda21(UnitedNations,1992),theRioDeclarationonEnvironmentandDevelopment,inRiodeJaneiro.Thedeclarationpromptedcountr…     

基于MODIS IMAPP-SPA大气数据产品反演方法

研究了MODIS IMAPP-SPA通过MODIS Aqua和Terra的L1B直接广播数据获得MODIS L2大气产品的具体步骤。分析了MODIS IMAPP-SPA算法集的应用机制和修改方法。对MODIS L2大气产品进行了比对分析,验证了MODIS IMAPP-SPA在大气处理中的应用效果。     

基于傅立叶变换的混合分类模型用于NDVI时序影像分析

应用2004年MODIS的时序NDVI数据，在分析湖北省不同地物类型的NDVI曲线季节性变化特征的基础上，设置对应的阈值，先后将水体、居民地与其他地物类型分离开。将去除了水体和居民地影响的剩余的NDVI序列影像傅立叶变换的1／12频率分量引入到地表覆盖分类的特征空间中，与其最大值影像和平均值影像组合，经过归一量化处理后合成一个类似具有三波段的卫星影像。在合成后的影像上利用最大似然法对其他地类进行分类。研究表明，引入傅立叶变换的特殊频率分量是分析多时相MODIS数据及提取地表植被覆盖信息的有效工具。     

基于MODIS数据的二类水体叶绿素反演算法理论与实现

在NASA-MODIS海洋组提出的二类水体叶绿素a的半分析算法的基础上，使用叶绿素荧光理论对其进行了改进，建立了一个适用于我国的海洋叶绿素浓度反演模型，并选取2003年黄海区域的MODIS数据对算法进行了验证。     

MODIS水汽反演用于InSAR大气校正的理论研究

大气效应尤其是大气水汽的影响是InSAR干涉测量中主要的误差源和限制因素之一,因此高精度的InSAR应用迫切需要及时掌握大气水汽含量及其时空变化。本文深入分析了利用MODIS的水汽反演结果进行InSAR干涉测量大气校正的可行性,对MODIS近红外水汽反演结果与地基GPS水汽探测结果进行了比较和分析。同时根据GPS解算结果,利用实例讨论了基于地面气象参数的水汽延迟模拟的效果。