三峡永久船闸中隔墩岩体变形趋势预测

本文在监测数据的基础上，采用时间序列和灰色系统方法，对长江三峡工程永久船闸二闸室至三闸首部分的中隔墩岩体变形规律及其发展趋势进行了预测研究。结果表明，垂直于闸室轴线的水平位移在开挖完成后基本处于稳定状态，平行于闸室轴线的水平位移总体向下游发展，而垂直方向的位移表现为先回弹、后发生沉降。     

动渗耦合作用下软黏土渗透系数演化机制分析

针对天津地区滨海软黏土,开展了一系列动渗耦合三轴试验,系统分析了长期循环作用下软黏土渗透系数的变化规律。结合扫描电镜（SEM）和压汞试验（MIP）对不同变形阶段软黏土的微观结构特征进行分析,阐述了渗透系数的演化规律及机制。研究表明：在动渗耦合作用下,软黏土渗透系数呈现三阶段变化特征;渗透系数随渗流力呈现先增大后减小的变化规律,随动应力和频率呈现先减小后增大的特征。微观试验表明,渗透系数的演化是微结构孔隙大小、形态、分布特征渐进调整的宏观体现：加载初期,颗粒间的架空超大孔隙（孔隙直径D>2.5 μm）大幅压缩,孔隙形态变化不大,渗透系数呈线性衰减;加载中期,大颗粒破碎生成的小颗粒密布填充于大颗粒间,生成大量“密小而曲折”的小孔隙（0.05 μm<D<0.1 μm）,渗透系数呈现缓慢下降;加载末期,结构致密稳定,渗透系数基本不变。对于非稳定变形,颗粒团（聚）体间重新生成“条带”状孔隙,渗透系数反弹增大。该研究成果可为流固耦合分析中渗透系数的确定提供理论依据。     

膨胀土强度干湿循环试验研究

通过南宁地区原状膨胀土干湿循环试验,探讨了膨胀土抗剪强度与含水率、循环次数、循环幅度等循环控制参数的关系。研究结果表明：膨胀土抗剪强度随干湿循环次数增加而衰减,最终趋于稳定,强度稳定值与稳定时所需循环次数均随含水率变化幅度的增加而减小。在此基础上,利用压汞试验测定了膨胀土干湿循环过程中的孔径分布,发现干湿循环对土的粒间联结产生不可逆的削弱,使得土体形成更大的孔隙空间,在高含水率时主要表现为集聚体间孔体积增加,在低含水率时集聚体内孔体积增加,从而降低土的抗剪强度。     

NUIST ESM v3 Data Submission to CMIP6

This paper introduces the experimental designs and outputs of the Diagnostic,Evaluation and Characterization of Klima(DECK),historical,Scenario Model Intercomparison Project(MIP),and Paleoclimate MIP(PMIP)experiments from the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Earth System Model version 3(NESM3).Results show that NESM3 reasonably simulates the modern climate and the major internal modes of climate variability.In the Scenario MIP experiment,changes in the projected surface air temperature(SAT)show robust“Northern Hemisphere(NH)warmer than Southern Hemisphere(SH)”and“land warmer than ocean”patterns,as well as an El Ni?o-like warming over the tropical Pacific.Changes in the projected precipitation exhibit“NH wetter than SH”and“eastern hemisphere gets wetter and western hemisphere gets drier”patterns over the tropics.These precipitation patterns are driven by circulation changes owing to the inhomogeneous warming patterns.Two PMIP experiments show enlarged seasonal cycles of SAT and precipitation over the NH due to the seasonal redistribution of solar radiation.Changes in the climatological mean SAT,precipitation,and ENSO amplitudes are consistent with the results from PMIP4 models.The NESM3 outputs are available on the Earth System Grid Federation nodes for data users.     

An investigation into strength and porous properties of metamorphic rocks in the Himalayas: A case study

If a rock is porous in nature, the genetic complexity associated with its petrofabric makes it difficult to predict its behavior. Here, a comprehensive study of the porous nature, physical and geotechnical responses of three varieties of schist, i.e. quartz mica schist, quartz mica schist with quartz veins and biotite schist of low grade metamorphism obtained from Nathapa-Jhakri hydroelectric project site in the foot hills of Himalayas, India, has been presented. The porous nature of the schists has been brought out through the Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP) testing and strength behavior through uniaxial testing. Through an experimental invesigation, the porous nature and pore size distribution parameters from MIP, which are closely related to the strength and performance of metamorphic schistose rocks, have been studied. The significance of the porous nature and its response for consideration in the design is emphasized.     

64排螺旋CT血管造影对主动脉夹层的诊断价值

目的:研究64排螺旋CT血管造影对主动脉夹层的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析我院2009年至2011年上半年,经64排螺旋CT诊断为主动脉夹层的病例10例,其中6例经DSA证实诊断并治疗。结果:CT诊断Stanford B型6例,Stanford A型4例。Stanford B型6例均行介入腔内支架封堵术,术后分型诊断与CT完全符合。Stanford A型4例,临床认为不适合行介入手术支架治疗,经内科保守治疗,未行手术治疗。结论:64排螺旋CT血管造影不仅能准确地诊断主动脉夹层动脉瘤,而且能正确地分型及指导治疗。     

磁电法基本原理、发展现状及前景展望

磁电法作为一类特点明显的电磁勘探方法在外国(美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等)已经有了成熟的应用,但是该类方法在我国应用研究较少,甚至不为众人所知。本文从数据采集与分析、正反演技术以及应用现状3个方面详细介绍了国内外磁电法的技术原理和发展现状;总结了磁电法的优缺点及适用的条件,对于我国未来磁电法的发展提出了建议。综述表明:1)目前地面数据采集为中梯方式,可以借鉴其他应用成熟的电磁法观测方式;2)磁电法从静电场理论出发无法得到绝对电导率,可以尝试频率域理论;3)地面数据的深度分辨能力需要提高,可以通过多源多分量三维反演来提高反演的准确性;4)建议在国内将磁电法的应用范围扩展到井中、海洋以及环境和工程领域。     

Will the tropical land biosphere dominate the climate–carbon cycle feedback during the twenty-first century?

Global warming caused by anthropogenic CO₂ emissions is expected to reduce the capability of the ocean and the land biosphere to take up carbon. This will enlarge the fraction of the CO₂ emissions remaining in the atmosphere, which in turn will reinforce future climate change. Recent model studies agree in the existence of such a positive climate–carbon cycle feedback, but the estimates of its amplitude differ by an order of magnitude, which considerably increases the uncertainty in future climate projections. Therefore we discuss, in how far a particular process or component of the carbon cycle can be identified, that potentially contributes most to the positive feedback. The discussion is based on simulations with a carbon cycle model, which is embedded in the atmosphere/ocean general circulation model ECHAM5/MPI-OM. Two simulations covering the period 1860–2100 are conducted to determine the impact of global warming on the carbon cycle. Forced by historical and future carbon dioxide emissions (following the scenario A2 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), they reveal a noticeable positive climate–carbon cycle feedback, which is mainly driven by the tropical land biosphere. The oceans contribute much less to the positive feedback and the temperate/boreal terrestrial biosphere induces a minor negative feedback. The contrasting behavior of the tropical and temperate/boreal land biosphere is mostly attributed to opposite trends in their net primary productivity (NPP) under global warming conditions. As these findings depend on the model employed they are compared with results derived from other climate–carbon cycle models, which participated in the Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (C4MIP).

三峡工程永久船闸中隔墩岩体稳定性研究

运用离散单元法(DEM)与有限单元法(FEM)等数值模拟方法,全面地对长江三峡工程永久船闸二闸室至三闸首部分的中隔墩岩体分别在施工期和运行期的应力分布、变形规律进行了模拟研究.综合分析结果表明:垂直于闸室轴线的水平位移在开挖完成后基本处于稳定状态,而在运行期有所减少;平行于闸室轴线的水平位移总体向下游发展;而垂直方向的位移先表现为回弹,后发生沉降.在中隔墩中上部位出现拉应力区,拉应力值一般小于0.6 MPa.