广饶潜山下古生界差异侵蚀对油气富集的控制作用

广饶潜山是东营凹陷南缘一个典型下古生界古风化壳型潜山,含油气规模较大,但油气富集规律复杂。结合勘探实践,本文利用大量钻测井、岩石矿物及油气测试资料阐明了广饶潜山差异性侵蚀特征及其对油气富集规律控制作用。岩性组合差异及内幕断裂带导致岩体结构弱化,从而下古生界呈现差异性侵蚀。高泥质含量岩性组合单元的差异侵蚀易形成粘土充填沟谷,对油气沿古风化壳侧向运移具有良好遮挡作用;沿内幕断裂带差异侵蚀的沟谷对油气侧向运移没有区域遮挡能力,但明显控制多个潜山带的油气独立富集。下古生界差异侵蚀与油气富集规律密切相关,这对该领域研究具有很好的借鉴意义。     

南方典型丘陵区酸性土壤重金属地球化学分布特征及来源分异解析

本文采用基于多元统计的APCS-MLR和基于GIS技术的地统计学相结合的方法,以广西南宁市郊区典型丘陵水稻种植区酸性土壤为例,有效的对土壤重金属的空间分布特征和来源分异进行了解析和验证。结果表明:(1)研究区8种重金属中除部分样点的Cd以外,其它元素含量均未超过国家土壤环境质量的二级标准。研究区土壤大部分未受到污染,少部分受到了轻污染,其中Cd处于轻污染的样品数最多;(2)重金属在不同岩性岩石中的含量差异较大;(3)研究区水稻产区农田土壤重金属来源主要包括土壤母质继承和农田施肥,其中值得注意的是农田施肥中引入较多的重金属为Hg和Cd。此外,研究区主要的岩石类型碳酸盐岩中含有较高含量的Cd和Hg;(4)本文研究结果对于南方丘陵区酸性土壤重金属污染的特征与防治的研究具有重要的参考意义。同时,本文所提出的绝对主成分得分(APCS)与GIS相结合的方法能够有效的对主成分分析的结果进行有效的补充和有力的验证,对于相关研究具有一定的示范意义。     

基于时频电磁法的冀中坳陷油气藏勘探调查

将时频电磁法应用于冀中坳陷潜山型油气藏调查中,通过分析潜山油气藏的电磁特性以及岩芯测试结果,总结出潜山带上层油气藏的电磁异常特征为高极化率、低电阻率;潜山内部油气藏的异常特征为高极化率、高电阻率。依据异常参数,在牛驼镇凸起地区划分了2-1,3-1,5-1,5-2和9-1,5个潜山含油气有利区,与现有钻探数据基本吻合。     

廊固凹陷奥陶系潜山不整合输导特征与油气优势运聚方向

不整合是廊固凹陷奥陶系潜山油气运移的重要输导通道和聚集部位,研究不整合分布及其输导特征对明确该区油气优势运移方向以及寻找有利勘探目标具有重要意义.以廊固凹陷奥陶系潜山顶面不整合的类型及分布规律、纵向结构特征为基础,对潜山顶面不整合的输导性和有效性进行了分析;利用钻井、测井、岩芯等资料对半风化岩石层进行了精细解剖,明确了主力输导通道分布和渗滤空间类型;在明确不同类型不整合展布规律后结合数值模拟确定了油气优势运移方向和潜在有利勘探区.研究结果表明,河西务潜山带奥陶系顶面不整合具有4种接触关系、2种运移通道,组合形成4种油气运聚类型,其中石炭系—二叠系覆盖的褶皱区最有利于油气聚集成藏.不整合半风化岩石层的渗滤通道类型南北具有差异性,南部岩溶发育,以溶蚀缝洞为主,北部以晚期构造缝为主.纵向上,垂直渗流带和水平潜流带是不整合岩溶带中的优势运移通道.平面上,不整合输导脊是油气的优势运移路径,位于其上的构造高点是油气聚集的有利区,杨税务南潜山和中岔口潜山是下一步油气勘探的潜在目标.     

歧口凹陷北大港潜山南北向走滑断裂的河道化作用分析

通过北大港地区重力异常资料、三维地震资料分析,证实在北大港潜山上发育具有左旋走滑性质的红7-1断裂,其夹持于大张坨断裂与港西断裂之间,呈弧形沿南北方向展布。该断裂在古近系早中期均有活动,对多个层位砂体分布具有明显的控制作用,在该走滑断裂弧形带南侧,砂体厚度突变增大,呈"点源式"分布,从而形成明显的、且具有继承性的"沟-扇"对应关系。结合重矿物分析及北大港潜山上下切河道追踪发现,在走滑断裂顶部发育一系列下切河道;这些河道下切深度可达230～280ms,它们可以沟通板桥次凹与北大港潜山南翼,在过补偿阶段将板桥次凹的沉积物沿下切河道搬运到北大港潜山南侧的歧北次凹。可见,北大港潜山上近南北向的走滑断裂可以形成下切河道并起到搬运沉积物的作用(即断裂的河道化作用),进而在过补偿阶段控制板桥次凹与北大港潜山南翼的物源分配形式,所以,板桥次凹和歧北次凹在一定程度上均隶属于沧县隆起物源体系。     

冀东潜山侏罗系沉积体系研究

冀东潜山侏罗系主要分布于柏各庄凸起和西南庄凸起南部，其沉积体系主要为湿扇型冲积扇，也有湖泊滨岩沉积，其物源方向主要来自柏各庄凸起东部地区。侏罗系3个矿层组中I砂层组扇中辫状水道发育，但物性差；Ⅲ砂层组扇前缘辫状水道物性较好，但砂体厚度较薄；而Ⅱ砂层组扇中与扇前缘辫状水道都比较发育，且物性较好，为最有利的储集砂体。     

A mathematical model of soil moisture spatial distribution on the hill slopes of the Loess Plateau

Based on important factors that affect soil moisture spatial distribution, such as the slope gradients, land use, vegetation cover, and surface water diffusion characteristics together with field measurements of soil moisture data obtained from the surface soil under different land use structures, a soil moisture spatial distribution model was established. The diffusion degree coefficient of surface water for different vegetations was estimated from soil moisture values obtained from field measurements. The model can be solved using the finite unit method. The soil moisture spatial distribution on the hill slopes in the Loess Plateau were simulated by the model. A comparison of the simulated values with measurement data shows that the model is a good fit.     

我国东部沿海油气勘探的新方向——多幕次叠合复式含油气盆地

以我国东部沿海中、新生代含油气盆地中的古潜山为窗口，分析了从震旦纪以来这里发育这一系列含油气原型盆地和烃源岩，形成了相互叠置的多幕次叠合复式含油气盆地和各种油气藏，这一认识将拓展东部沿海油气勘探的时空领域，是今后油气勘探的新方向。     

Aeolian deposition of dust over hills: the effect of dust grain size on the deposition pattern

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of topography on the grain size characteristics of aeolian dust deposits. Experiments were performed on three isolated hills having various size and aspect ratios. The longitudinal profile of the median grain diameter was investigated for each hill. The longitudinal dust deposition profile was also studied for nine grain size classes of between 10 and 104 µm, as were wind and dust concentration profiles in the atmosphere upwind of, over and downwind of a hill. The wind tunnel experiments show that the grain size characteristics of aeolian dust deposits are affected by topography. Most apparent is the occurrence of a zone of reduced grain size on the leeside of hills, which extends from just upwind of the summit to a distance of several times the height of the hill. Slightly coarser than normal dust is deposited on the concave windward hill slope and in a zone downwind of the area of reduced grain size, but the increase in grain size in these zones remains very small. Although the normalized dust deposition profile for a hill does not vary substantially as a function of grain size, systematic trends are observed. The most important tendencies are: (1) a progressive extension, in the downwind direction, of a zone of decreased dust deposition on the leeside of a hill (the coarser the grains, the further downwind the zone of reduced deposition extends); (2) a progressive increase in dust deposition immediately upwind of a hill (the finer the grains, the higher the deposition value upwind of a hill becomes). Both tendencies are explained by the difference in inertia of the grains, which is controlled by grain size. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于DEM生成小比例尺分省彩色晕渲图

分析了基于DEM数据的自动晕渲生成的意义 ,介绍了我国 1∶2 5万DEM数据库的结构 ,同时在对 1∶2 5万DEM重采样生成多尺度空间数据的基础上生成晕渲图片 ,比较、分析并提出了相关的参考建议