Response of a mid‐latitude cirque glacier to climate over the last two decades: Mangaehuehu Glacier,Mt Ruapehu

The recent loss of mountain glaciers in response to climate warming has been reported across a range of latitudes globally, but the processes involved are not always straightforward. In southern Pacific mid‐latitudes, twentieth‐century glacier fluctuations are thought to reflect the strength of westerly atmospheric circulation, which brings increased precipitation, leading to mass gains. We present a study of the response of Mangaehuehu Glacier, a cirque glacier on Mt Ruapehu, to climate over the last two decades. Glacier surface area fluctuated in size over this period, corresponding closely with mean end‐of‐summer snowlines in the Southern Alps. The key control on glacier extent appears to be ablation season temperature, itself controlled by regional atmospheric circulation, including El Niño‐Southern Oscillation, Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), and to a lesser extent, Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the Relationship between Local Topography and Small Glacier Change under Climatic Warming on Mt. Bogda, Eastern Tian Shan, China

Glacial features in the geological record provide essential clues about past behavior of climate. Of the numerous physical systems on earth, glaciers are one of most responsive to climate change, especially small glaciers, their direct marginal response taking only a few years or decades to be expressed. Accelerating recession of modern glaciers raises the issue of the climate’s impact on water runoff. Data based on topographic maps and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Radiometer (ASTER) imagery sho...     

云南黎明高山丹霞地貌成因及其演化模式

始新统红色磨拉石建造和裂隙网奠定黎明丹霞地质景观条件,岩石中富含各种致色元素,使丹霞峰林赤壁呈现多种颜色;内外动力共同作用,形成黎明地区分布范围广、极具独特性的高山丹霞地貌单体形态和组合形态。高山丹霞地貌的形成与演化,可分为四个主要阶段。     

Source and mobility of minor and trace elements in a volcanic aquifer system: Mt. Vulture (southern Italy)

In this paper we provide a geochemical investigation on 34 groundwater samples in the Mt. Vulture volcanic aquifer representing one of the most important groundwater resources of the southern Italy pumped for drinking and irrigation supply. The present study includes the first data on the abundance and mobility of minor and trace elements and the thermodynamic considerations on water–rock interaction processes in order to evaluate the conditions of alkali basalt weathering by waters enriched in magma-derived CO₂. The results highlight the occurrence of two hydrofacies: bicarbonate alkaline-earth and alkaline waters deriving from low-temperature leaching of volcanic rocks of Mt. Vulture, and bicarbonate-sulfate-alkaline waters (high-salinity waters) related to prolonged water circulation in alkali and feldspathoids-rich pyroclastic layers interbedded with clay deposits. The Al-normalized relative mobility (RM) of metals in Vulture's aquifer varies over a wide range (10^− 1 < RM < 10⁴), confirming that the basalt weathering is not a congruent and isochemical process. Chemical equilibrium studies show that the bicarbonate alkaline-earth and alkaline waters, having a short interaction with silicate minerals, plot very close to the kaolinite–smectite stability boundary, whereas the high-salinity waters fall in the stability field of smectite and muscovite because of prolonged interaction with alkali and feldspathoids-rich pyroclastic layers. Overall, for the bicarbonate alkaline-earth and alkaline waters, the release of toxic metals in solutions is related to the spatial variation of host-rock geochemistry, the high-salinity waters, collected near urban areas, show values higher than legal limits for Ni and As, likely as a consequence of anthropogenic contribution.     

以全球参照系为基准的珠峰地区重力场

珠穆朗玛峰位于欧亚板块和印度板块边缘的碰撞地带 ,地壳运动活跃 ,地形复杂。三十余年来 ,我国曾单独或与国外合作在珠穆朗玛峰及其北部毗邻地区进行了五次 (196 6、1975、1992、1998和 1999年 )大规模的大地测量工作 ,其中包括天文、重力、平面、高程和气象等测量工作。根据这些大地测量成果以全球参照系为基准 ,对该地区的重力场进行了研究。提出了适用于该地区的推估重力异常、垂线偏差和高程异常的最佳技术方案和相应成果     

安徽大别山南麓柑桔冻害分布模式的研究

本文将地形因子参数化,建立了柑桔冻害低温与测点海拔高度、遮蔽度、山体遮蔽长度和地势倾斜度之间的数量关系。     

西藏南迦巴瓦峰地区第四纪环境探讨

本文根据西藏南迦巴瓦峰地区第四纪沉积物特征和孢粉分析结果,讨论了环境变化问题。指出,中更新世以来南峰地区抬升约2000—3000米,全新世抬升约600米,并对气候变化作了论述。     

四川龙门山区早泥盆世Emsian期群落古环境分析

通过对群落特征生物构造、生态习性、成活曲线、赋存围岩沉积及群落构成内容等特征分析,本文认为四川龙门山区Emsian期地层已经识别的以腕足动物为主的八个底栖群落生态位集中于B.A.3,少数可归入B.A.2,其相当的沉积环境主要为浅海内陆棚相、台地生物礁相。     

各拉丹冬峰东冰川冰、雪、水地球化学特征

论述了长江之源各拉丹冬峰东坡的尕日曲流域冈加曲巴冰川和水晶矿冰川冰、雪、水样品中的ｐＨ值、总碱度、总硬度、矿化度，以及Ｋ＋，Ｎａ＋，Ｃａ（２＋），Ｍｇ（２＋）和Ｃｌ－，ＳｉＯ２等可溶性离子的含量，同时讨论了其水化学组成类型．     

哈尔克山西段中浅变质岩系变形解析及构造地层

通过构造地层和构造解析的研究，确定哈尔克山西段上奥陶－下泥盆统中浅变质岩系经历了推覆剪切→推覆强变形→近南北挤压收缩三期变形。前两期以推覆平卧褶皱组合为特点，形成韧性变形带，第三期变形最终形成轴面直立的开阔褶皱。本区构造形态以推覆岩片大量叠置、平卧与尖棱倒转褶皱复合为特征，属板块聚合带成分。变形研究表明，塔里木西北缘构造运动早期以由南向北的韧性推覆为主。