基于径向基函数神经网络的混合像元分解

遥感图像中普通存在着混合像元。对这部分像元进行分类（即混合像元分解）是遥感图像处理中的难点。基于主分量分析的混合像元分解 法是一种较为成熟的算法，但它存在着计算量大，适应性差等缺点。在深入研究混合像元分解原理的基础上，提出了用径向基函数神经网络拟合分解结果超平面，以实现混合像元分解的算法，实验结果证明：该算法的结果与基于主分量分析的混合像元分解算法结果相近（相关系数达到0．00），而计算量大大减少，具有较强的适应性。     

Shallow-water benthic macroinvertebrate community of the limnic part of a lowland Polish dam reservoir

Biodiversity, abundance and taxonomic composition of shallow-water zoobenthos were studied in the W?oc?awek Dam Reservoir (the lower Vistula River, central Poland). The following habitats located near the shore were studied: (1) sandy bottom in the flooded part of the reservoir; (2) sandy bottom close to the main riverine flow in the reservoir and (3) organic-rich bottom covered by a thick layer of plant remnants in a shallow, isolated cove. In each habitat we investigated two sites (ca. 0.5 and 1 m depth). Also examined was the bottom of a phytolittoral site (sandy bottom, with elodeids and nympheids, 1 m depth), located in the flooded zone. In general, the bottom fauna was highly diverse and abundant in these habitats. The highest biodiversity (38 taxa, Shannon-Wiener index=4.3) was found on the bottom rich in organic matter. However, the zoobenthos abundance in this habitat was comparatively low, probably due to periodical oxygen deficiencies. The highest density of bottom fauna (>30,000 individuals per m²), accompanied by its high biodiversity, occurred at the phytolittoral site. The benthic community of the organic-rich sediments was the most distinct, with many taxa occurring exclusively in this area. The composition of the bottom fauna, from the two sandy habitats and phytolittoral, also differed from one another. The differences in taxonomic composition between the shallower and deeper sites were less pronounced. Lower densities at the shallower sandy sites and a very high variability of taxonomic composition among particular samples from these sites indicated lower stability of their environmental conditions. These were certainly due to water level fluctuations and/or destructive wave action. On the other hand, no such differences were found between the sites of various depths from the organic-rich sediments, showing that this substratum provided better protection against adverse hydrodynamical factors.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112001028

A study on the effect of the solar ultra-violet radiation on the human skin fibroblast cells revealed that the production of matrix metalloproteinase-2 was inhibited by the radiation.A CO2 incubator connected by optical fibers to a reflector telescope for collecting the solar light was built at Syowa station by the 49th Japanese Antarctica Research Expedition.The direction of the telescope was continuously controlled by a sun-tracker to follow the movement of the Sun automatically.The intensity of the collected light was monitored by a portable spectrophotometer housed inside.The human skin fibroblast cells were incubated in the CO2 chamber to investigate the effect of the solar radiation at Syowa station and were compared with those reference experiments at a laboratory in Japan.The results showed cell damage by strong UV radiation.The production of matrix metalloproteinase-2 was prompted by the moderate UV-B,but was inhibited by the strong UV-B radiation,as studied under laboratory conditions in Japan.The effect of strong solar radiation at Syowa station involving the radiation of UV-B region was estimated to be of the same extent of the radiation caused by an artificial UV-B light with the intensity more than 50 mJ/cm2.     

Upper-bound general circulation of coupled ocean–atmosphere: Part 1. Atmosphere

We consider the general atmospheric circulation within the deductive framework of our climate theory. The preceding three parts of this theory have reduced the troposphere to the tropical and polar air masses and determined their temperature and the surface latitude of their dividing boundary, which provide the prior thermal constraint for the present dynamical derivation. Drawing upon its similar material conservation as the thermal property, the (columnar) potential vorticity (PV) is assumed homogenized as well in air masses, which moreover has a zero tropical value owing to the hemispheric symmetry. Inverting this PV field produces an upper-bound zonal wind that resembles the prevailing wind, suggesting that the latter may be explained as the maximum macroscopic motion extractable by random eddies – within the confine of the thermal differentiation.With the polar front determined in conjunction with the zonal wind, the approximate leveling of the isobars at the surface and high aloft specifies the tropopause, which is colder and higher in the tropics than in the polar region. The zonal wind drives the meridional circulation via the Ekman dynamics, and the preeminence of the Hadley cell stems from the singular Ekman convergence at the equator that allows it to supply the upward mass flux in the ITCZ demanded by the global energy balance.     

Cu2+和Zn2+对罗氏沼虾体外培养肌细胞的影响

研究了L-15和M199两种培养基对体外培养罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)肌细胞生长的差异。结果表明，L-15较M199更有利于罗氏沼虾肌细胞的生长。分别测定了不同浓度的Zn^2 (0～160ug／L)和Cu^2 (0～10ug／L)对罗氏沼虾离体培养肌细胞的影响，通过MTT法测定肌细胞的增殖．NBT法测定肌细胞活性氧的产生，结果表明，Zn^2 浓度为80～120ug／L时细胞的增殖效果较好，细胞内活性氧的产生最少；Cu^2 浓度为8ug／L时细胞的增殖达到最大，活性氧产生最少。     

长石莼（缘管浒苔）（Ulva linza）原生质体再生与分化发育初步研究

采用细胞酶解技术获得长石莼（缘管浒苔）原生质体,再通过细胞培养观察原生质体再生以及各种分化发育途径。结果表明,长石莼（缘管浒苔）主要存在3种分化发育途径：1）部分原生质体可直接分裂形成有假根或无假根得单细胞苗。2）部分原生质体分裂成规则细胞团或不规则细胞团,最后形成苗簇。3）部分原生质体可发育为孢子囊／配子囊,其中部分...     

The impact of reed-protecting structures on littoral zones

The impact of several types of reed-protecting structures on hydrodynamic conditions, sediment properties and littoral water quality were investigated. All types of embankment lead to a dissipation of wave energy. The embankment with fagots (type 1) shows a limited porosity in contrast to the other types examined. All kinds of embankment enhance the accumulation of organic matter at the land/water-interface. Hence, they protect littoral accumulation zones from erosion. The embankment with fagots causes changes in sediment properties at the seaward side of reed belts. The surface of mineral sediments is turned into a fine-grained mud, with a high content of organic matter. Accelerated sedimentary microbial processes (oxygen demand) are produced by increasing nutrient availability (carbon, nitrogen). As a result, the O₂-saturation of water bodies is significantly reduced. This is in contrast to the embankment with wooden partitions and palisades (type 2 and 3), which had no significant effects on sediment conditions and water quality. The consequences of changes in type 1-protected reed stands are discussed. Practical recommendations are given for the further use of reed-protecting structures.     

南海北部海陆过渡带地壳结构的研究现状及展望

首先总结了前人在南海北部海陆过渡带获得的研究成果：由重磁异常、水深及卫星影像等资料推测滨海断裂带存在于南海北部海陆过渡地区：介绍了最近在南海北部海陆过渡地区开展的海陆地震联测试验,其结果显示有一个穿透整个地壳的低速破碎带发育于海陆过渡地区,推测它为滨海断裂带在速度上的表现,另外广泛分布于华南大陆的中地壳低速层在海陆过渡处也有较好发育;总结了天然地震层析成像在南海北部海陆过渡带的研究成果。最后结合目前的研究现状,指出了今后我们的研究方向：在逐步完善目前海陆地震联测试验的基础上,同时开展海陆过渡带的多道地震数据采集及地球化学研究：加强海陆过渡带的地震监测。进行震源机制解和人工地震与天然地震联合成像的研究。     

Morphodynamic implications for shoreline management of the western-Mediterranean sector of Egypt

Although the western-Mediterranean coast of Egypt between Sallum and Alexandria, ~550 km long, has maintained a considerable equilibrium throughout history, developers have built traditional protective structures in an effort to form sheltered recreational beaches without taking into consideration its geomorphologic characteristics, coastal processes and their harmful impact on the coastal environment and human safety. The improper practices in this environmentally valuable region have induced us to undertake an initiative to carry out a morphodynamic analysis to provide a framework for understanding the relationship between coastal morphology and the prevailing dynamic forces. Based on the degree of natural protection or wave sheltering, the study shoreline can be categorized into four distinct morphotypical stretches: (1) high-energy wave-exposed shores and the outer margins of the rocky headlands, (2) moderate to high wave-energy beaches along semi-exposed embayments and bays mostly downdrift of the rocky headlands, (3) low-wave energy at semi-exposed headland lee-sided and pocket beaches, and (4) calm wave-sheltered enclosing water basins for safe anchorages, moorings and recreation beaches. The results deducted will have practical applications for shoreline management initiatives regarding sustained sites suitable for future beachfront development such as safe swimming conditions, sport facilities, water intakes and sheltered areas for vessels. In addition, benefits realized by the understanding of the morphodynamic processes would enhance our awareness of the significance of the role of western coast morphodynamics in supporting sustainable development via shoreline management. As far as sustainability is concerned, the selection of appropriate sites would help avoiding or minimizing the formation of the hard structures needed for creating safe recreation beaches. On a national scale, results reached could provide reliable database for information that can be used in establishing a sustainable shoreline management plan, which is, in turn, an essential part when implementing an Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan for this region of attraction.     

Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Insulin-like Growth Factor on Cultured Cartilage Cells from Skate Raja porasa

Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and insulin-like growth factor Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅱ) on cartilage cells from proboscis of skate, Raja porasa Glinther, were investigated in this study. The cartilage cells were cultured in 20% FBS-supplemented MEM medium at 24℃. Twelve hours after culture initiation, the cartilage cells were treated with bFGF and IGF-Ⅱ at different concentration combinations. It was found that 20 ng/ml of bFGF or 80 ng/ml of IGF-Ⅱ was enough to have obvious stimulating effect on the growth and division of skate cartilage cells. Test of bFGF and IGF-Ⅱ together, revealed that 20 ng/ml of bFGF and 80 ng/ml of IGF-Ⅱ together had the best stimulating effect on the growth and division of skate cartilage cells. The cartilage cells cultured could form a monolayer at day 7.