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891.
气体是识别构造带展布和活动的敏感组分。对唐山断裂带高空间分辨率气体地球化学测量数据进行了变异函数计算,分析了断裂带活动性与断裂带气体浓度的定量关系。结果表明,断裂带本身结构特性是控制断裂带气体空间分布的主要因素,高倾角断裂在地表以狭长条带状为主要特征,分布气体浓度高值异常,交会处气体浓度高值异常以环带形式围绕断裂分布。沿断裂带走向,各气体浓度呈高值分布,利用变异函数计算,确定各气体组分在测量区域内气体浓度与构造相关的空间范围,据此确定了唐山断裂各段构造敏感气体组分,在断裂带周边圈定出断裂带活动性重点监测区域。断裂带气体浓度克里金插值分析结果表明,唐山地区滦县—乐亭断裂带活动性较强,唐山断裂带次之,蓟运河断裂带活动性最弱。断裂带交会处,浓度高值异常分布更加明显。 相似文献
892.
The tectonically isolated Farnacht Formation consists of calc-alkaline dacitic-andesitic lavas of volcanic arc affinity. It is situated immediately to the south of the Clew Bay Fault Zone (western continuation of the Highland Boundary Fault Zone of Scotland) in the northeast corner of the Lower Palaeozoic South Mayo Trough in northwest Ireland. It has been metamorphosed to biotite grade greenschist facies following the development of a pervasive, c-s composite muscovite, quartz, and feldspar schistosity. The Farnacht Formation may comprise a terrane that is directly unrelated to nearby Ordovician and Silurian rocks; its present position was fixed largely by Wenlock times. The age of the Farnacht Formation and the deformational event(s) that produced the schistosity are not known. 40Ar/39 Ar step heating from four specimens have dated the crystallization of biotite at from 422 ± 2 to 405 ± 14 Ma with a mean age of 413 Ma. These ages date either the post-D2, pre-D3 metamorphic peak, or a hornfelsing of the same structural age related to an unseen thermal source, and provide a minimum age for the end Silurian - early Devonian Caledonian tectonothermal activity in the northeast part of the South Mayo Trough. 相似文献
893.
云南镇沅县九甲金矿区位于哀牢山成矿带.基于在矿区开展的1∶2.5万土壤地球化学测量,根据Cu、Au、As、Sb、Ag 5个元素的含量及分布特征,圈定了异常.结合矿区地层、构造、岩性等地质特征对土壤地球化学异常进行了综合评价,从中圈定了3个有找矿前景的综合异常,为矿区的找矿提供了有效的依据. 相似文献
894.
宜章界牌岭锡多金属矿床地球化学异常模式 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
界牌岭锡多金属矿床是一个与浅源重熔花岗岩有关的热液多金属隐伏矿床。研究表明:矿床自上至下具有F-Be-Pb、Zn-Pb-Sn、Cu-Nb、Ta、TR的矿化分带和细脉状-层状(似层状)-面状的矿体形态分带,成晕具有Hg、B、Ba、Cr、As离心半环状晕-F、Be、Li、Pb、Ag同心环状上偏心晕-Sn、Cu、Zn、同心环状下偏心晕-Nb、Ga离心卫星晕的分布规律。据此,建立了本矿床“三环-帽壳式”地球化学异常模式。经模式识别,总结了不同剥蚀程度矿床(浅,中,深)异常评价的地质-地球化学指标。 相似文献
895.
系统介绍了近年来地幔同位素地球化学的研究进展,概述了Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb、Os、He-Ar和Ne同位素在的岩石示踪和成因鉴别上所取得的成果,指出同位素在地幔岩石研究的重要作用,简要总结了全球及区域地幔成分的主要研究手段和某些全球均一化比值的意义;并提出了分析技术的落后和基础理论的停滞是影响同位素和微量元素在地幔研究中应用和发展的主要因素。 相似文献
896.
The Pebble Creek Formation (previously known as the Bridge River Assemblage) comprises the eruptive products of a 2350 calendar
year B.P. eruption of the Mount Meager volcanic complex and two rock avalanche deposits. Volcanic rocks of the Pebble Creek
Formation are the youngest known volcanic rocks of this complex. They are dacitic in composition and contain phenocrysts of
plagioclase, orthopyroxene, amphibole, biotite and minor oxides in a glassy groundmass. The eruption was episodic, and the
formation comprises fallout pumice (Bridge River tephra), pyroclastic flows, lahars and a lava flow. It also includes a unique
form of welded block and ash breccia derived from collapsing fronts of the lava flow. This Merapi-type breccia dammed the
Lillooet River. Collapse of the dam triggered a flood that flowed down the Lillooet Valley. The flood had an estimated total
volume of 109 m3 and inundated the Lillooet Valley to a depth of at least 30 m above the paleo-valley floor 5.5 km downstream of the blockage.
Rock avalanches comprising mainly blocks of Plinth Assemblage volcanic rocks (an older formation making up part of the Mount
Meager volcanic complex) underlie and overlie the primary volcanic units of the Formation. Both rock avalanches are unrelated
to the 2350 B.P. eruption, although the post-eruption avalanche may have its origins in the over-steepened slopes created
by the explosive phase of the eruption. Much of the stratigraphic complexity evident in the Pebble Creek Formation results
from deposition in a narrow, steep-sided mountain valley containing a major river.
Received: 20 January 1998 / Accepted: 29 September 1998 相似文献
897.
Puncoviscana folded belt in northwestern Argentina: testimony of Late Proterozoic Rodinia fragmentation and pre-Gondwana collisional episodes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. H. Omarini R. J. Sureda H.-J. Götze A. Seilacher F. Pflüger 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1999,88(1):76-97
Stratigraphic correlations and tectonic analysis suggest that the Puncoviscana fold belt of northwestern Argentina was an
intracontinental basin with bimodal igneous suites that formed in connection with the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent
(at ∼800 Ma). Several lines of evidences point to an initial lithosphere rupture, possibly induced by a rising mantle plume.
The earliest synrift igneous products are represented by ultra-potassic dykes and alkaline lava flows of high LREE/HREE and
low Zr/Nb–Y/Nb ratios. The dyke emplacements and the initiation of rifting were probably synchronous. They pass laterally
and upwards (middle part of the Puncoviscana succession) into basalts of alkaline transitional character (OIB-like source).
The distinctive chemical feature of these lavas are very similar to the source of oceanic island basalts; thus, they are thought
to represent a magmatism associated with the rift and rift-drift transition stage. During this stage of rifting probably true
oceanic crust was formed. The upper part of the Puncoviscana sequence, Late Precambrian/Lower Cambrian in age, comprises a
thick and monotonous sequence of pillow lavas, massive basaltic flows and minor volcanic breccias and hyaloclastites. These
lavas exhibit MORB trace element characteristics with high FeOt and TiO2, low K2O and P2O5, flat light REE spectra, little or no depletion in Nb and Ta. This volcanism consists of the major and latest effusive episode
from the Puncoviscana basin which was slightly modified by subduction processes. The geodynamical model proposed for the generation
of these volcanic rocks could have been developed in two stages. In the first stage the volcanic event is compatible with
a progressive opening of a continental rift leading to formation of a mature oceanic basin. In contrast, the second stage
shows the effects of a completed Wilson cycle including a primitive volcanic arc which continued until the accreted Cuyania-Arequipa-Belen-Antofalla
(CABA) terrane against the proto-Gondwana western borderland of the Amazonian shield (∼535 Ma).
Received: 23 December 1997 / Accepted: 9 December 1998 相似文献
898.
The Fan–Karategin metamorphic belt, South Tianshan, Tajikistan, is regarded to be an ancient subduction–accretionary complex and is composed of three tectonostratigraphic units which display lithologies consistent with different tectonic settings. The mafic schists, which make up the major part of the older unit of the belt, contain both alkali and tholeiitic metabasalts. On the basis of rare-earth and other immobile element characteristics, the alkali metabasalts are akin to within-plate ocean island basalts, whereas the tholeiitic metabasalts resemble E-type MORB. The association is interpreted to have been formed on seamount-like structures under a within-plate plume. Bedded cherts and marbles in the unit are regarded as ancient pelagic sediments and carbonate caps developed upon basaltic seamounts, respectively. Dismemberment of the seamount-related basalts and pelagic sediments and the high-P/low-T prograde metamorphism of the unit rocks up to transitional blueschist/greenschist facies was the result of paleoseamount submergence into a subduction zone. This unit is tectonically overlain by arc-derived metavolcanic unit and a disrupted, mainly clastic unit of Upper Ordovician–Lower Silurian age. Metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks of the two upper units have geochemical characteristics compatible with subduction-related origin. The lithological assemblages of the individual units and their juxtaposition suggest an origin involving collision–accretionary processes. The Fan–Karategin belt is a subduction–accretionary complex which formed during subduction of oceanic crust under a volcanic arc and was subjected to tectonic juxtaposition and imbrication of seamount, deep-sea, trench and volcanic arc sequences. 相似文献
899.
900.
Environmental geochemistry of the Pichavaram mangrove ecosystem (tropical), southeast coast of India 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A. L. Ramanathan V. Subramanian R. Ramesh S. Chidambaram A. James 《Environmental Geology》1999,37(3):223-233
Spatial and temporal geochemical variations of various parameters in the water and sediment of a relatively small mangrove
situated on the southeast coast of India were examined in detail for the first time. The water quality generally reflects
the impact of seawater and the Vellar estuary (mixing effect) aided by evaporation and in situ biological productivity. The
depletion and fluctuation of dissolved silica are controlled by biological processes. Nitrate and phosphate are contributed
by fertilizer input from adjoining agriculture fields. Total suspended matter (TSM) shows an erratic range and trend due to
deforestation and resuspension processes. Sand and silt constitute 70–90% of the sediments. Statistical analysis of the sediments
shows the prevalence of a moderately high-energy environment with very effective winnowing activity. Organic matter content
is higher in the mangrove sediments in comparison to adjacent estuaries. Water and sediment show fluctuations in their chemical
concentration, but no specific trends could be identified. Heavy metals are also enriched in the mangrove sediments, indicating
their unique chemical behavior and the existence of trapping mechanisms. Factor analysis and correlation analysis of water
and sediments show the complexity of the system and the multitude of contributing sources. The core sediment chemistry suggests
the depletion of metal input due to the damming of the detrital inputs. The Pichavaram mangrove seems to be relatively unpolluted,
since the anthropogenic signal observed is small and acts as a sink for heavy metals contributed from a multitude of sources
without an adverse effect.
Received: 5 November 1997 · Accepted: 30 March 1998 相似文献