唐古拉山中段开心岭群乌丽群的时代定义问题

根据最新区域地质调查的代表剖面,在分析研究下二叠统开心岭群、上二叠统乌丽群的岩性组合特征、沉积类型、古生物面貌的基础上,将二叠系建立5个岩石地层单位和相应的5个生物地层单位,代表栖霞期—长兴期地层层序与生物序列;区内生物性质属特提斯动物群和华夏植物群;青南乌丽与藏北双湖及昌都妥坝属同一含煤建造,成煤期为龙潭中期—长兴期。     

辽东半岛早元古宙海相拉斑玄武岩特征及其意义

辽东半岛早元古宙北部辽河群中层状基性岩发育广泛,与上覆层状岩系呈沉积接触关系,并发现多处枕状熔岩。层状基性岩的岩石学、岩石化学和地球化学的研究结果表明,这些层状基性岩是辽河群早期沉降阶段的海相拉斑玄武岩。辽东半岛早元古宙海相拉斑玄武岩的发现,将改变对辽河群下亚群火山—沉积建造内涵的传统认识,表明其产出为大陆边缘或类似弧后盆地的大地构造环境。这将为重新认识和评价辽东半岛早元古宙金属矿床开拓新思路。     

The central density cusp of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy

We present an analysis of the density profile in the central region of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy. A strong density enhancement of Sgr stars is observed. The position of the peak of the detected cusp is indistinguishable from the centre of M54. The photometric properties of the cusp are fully compatible with those observed in the nuclei of dwarf elliptical galaxies, indicating that the Sgr dSph would appear as a nucleated galaxy independently of the presence of M54 at its centre.     

辽东半岛早元古宙枕状熔岩特征

辽东半岛枕状熔岩位于辽河群大石桥组底部的变质基性岩中。呈椭球状个体,具白色硅铝质外壳。岩枕分带明显,由外向内可分为枕壳、冷凝边、枕内相。枕状熔岩的岩石学、岩石化学和地球化学研究表明,它是海底玄武岩的产物。枕状熔岩的发现为揭示广泛发育于辽东半岛早元古宙变质基性岩的成因提供了证据。     

The Hubble flow around the Local Group

We use updated data on distances and velocities of galaxies in the proximity of the Local Group (LG) in order to establish properties of the local Hubble flow. For 30 neighbouring galaxies with distances  0.7 < D _LG < 3.0  Mpc, the local flow is characterized by the Hubble parameter   H _loc= (78 ± 2) km s⁻¹ Mpc⁻¹  , the mean-square peculiar velocity  σ_v= 25 km s⁻¹  , corrected for errors of radial velocity measurements  (∼4 km s⁻¹)  and distance measurements  (∼10 km s⁻¹)  , as well as the radius of the zero-velocity surface   R ₀= (0.96 ± 0.03)  Mpc. The minimum value for σ_v is achieved when the barycentre of the LG is located at the distance   D_c = (0.55 ± 0.05) D _M31  towards Andromeda galaxy (M31) corresponding to the Milky Way (MW)-to-M31 mass ratio   M _MW/ M _M31≃ 4/5  . In the reference frame of the 30 galaxies at 0.7–3.0 Mpc, the LG barycentre has a small peculiar velocity  ∼(24 ± 4) km s⁻¹  towards the Sculptor constellation. The derived value of R ₀ corresponds to the total mass   M _T(LG) = (1.9 ± 0.2) 10¹² M_⊙  with  Ω_m= 0.24  and a topologically flat universe, a value in good agreement with the sum of virial mass estimates for the MW and M31.     

四川西部西康群新都桥组碳酸盐岩的锶同位素特征

四川西部松潘—甘孜地区广泛分布一套三叠系黑色砂板岩层系,由于其岩性单调、古生物化石贫乏,给该区地层划分、对比带来极大困难。因此,从锶同位素地层学基本原理出发,对甘孜北部西康群新都桥组中薄层状灰岩样品进行了锶同位素组成测定。结果表明,6件样品的N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)分别为0.708688、0.708659、0.708907、0.708223、0.708341、0.708266,平均为0.708514。表明该地层的碳酸盐岩样品可能遭受了不同程度的成岩蚀变,多数样品的锶同位素组成偏离同时代的全球海水锶同位素组成。     

铝基材料裂解盐湖卤水分离镁锂的热力学研究

中国盐湖锂资源非常丰富,但由于镁锂比高、镁锂性质相似而使得二者难以分离,锂资源开发利用成本较高。本文采用组贡献法对LiCl·2Al(OH)3·2H2O的标准生成吉布斯自由能进行了估算,在热力学计算的基础上绘制了298.15K时Li+-Al3+-Cl--H2O体系和Li+-Mg2+-Al3+-Cl--H2O系的电位-pH(φ-pH)图。计算结果表明,通过调控体系的pH,可使溶液中的Li+与Al形成沉淀而Mg2+仍留在溶液中,从而实现溶液中的镁锂分离。在理论计算的基础上进行了镁锂分离的验证实验,实验结果与热力学计算结果基本吻合,镁锂分离效果良好。     

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF LATE QUATERNARY PARAGLACIAL ROCK-SLOPE FAILURES ON SKIDDAW GROUP TERRAIN, LAKE DISTRICT, NORTHWEST ENGLAND

ABSTRACT. Eight relict rock-slope failures (RSFs) on Skiddaw Group terrain in the Lake District, northwest England, are described. Five of the failures are rockslides, one is a product of slope deformation, and two are compound features with evidence for sliding and deformation in different sectors. As none appears to have been overrun and modified by glacier ice it is concluded that they all post-date the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM ; c. 21 ± 3 cal. ka bp ). Slope stress readjustments resulting from glacial and deglacial influences are considered to have weakened the slopes, and application of the term paraglacial is appropriate. Permafrost aggradation and degradation, seismic activity and fluvial erosion are among processes that may have contributed to failure at certain sites. The failures are significant as potential debris sources during future ice advances, contributing to valley widening and cirque enlargement and, possibly, for acting as sites of cirque initiation. Previously, Skiddaw Group rocks have been regarded as homogeneous and of limited resistance to the weathering and erosion associated with Quaternary glacial, periglacial and fluvial processes. These characteristics and processes have been used to explain the steep smooth slopes and rounded hills that dominate Skiddaw Group terrain. Rock-slope failure has also helped shape this terrain and should be incorporated in future interpretations of landscape development.     

Some problems of slope development

Slopes are the fundamental unit of the physiographic landscape. Yet the reasons for variations in their morphology and inferred mode of development are not well understood. The problem is complex, but the slope budget, which results primarily from the interplay of climatically induced factors and structure is significant: where the erosion of the upper slope elements surpasses that on the lower, parallel retreat prevails, but when the reverse is the case, slope decline is dominant. Complications are introduced by such factors as climatic change and fluctuations of baselevel, both local and general. But structural factors can and do override all others.

A knowledge of geomorphic history, and of processes and their effectiveness under various circumstances, in advance of that usually at our disposal at present is necessary before slopes can satisfactorily be analysed. It appears unlikely that there is a universal law of slope development..     

北秦岭商南-丹凤段蛇绿岩带航磁和航空γ能谱特征及地质意义

通过最新获取的1：50000高精度航空磁测和航空γ能谱资料对北秦岭商南-丹凤一带（商丹段）航空地球物理场空间分布进行分析,划分了商丹段主要磁性构造单元和放射性构造单元。根据商南松树沟蛇绿岩的航磁、航空γ能谱场特征,建立了北秦岭构造带的标准蛇绿岩地球物理响应模式,利用该模式对丹凤资峪-郭家沟一带蛇绿岩范围进行了厘定,给出了丹凤蛇绿岩的地球物理学证据。同时推断了分水岭蛇绿岩和鮸鱼嘴-清油河一带基性超基性岩,认为鮸鱼嘴-清油河一带可能残存有蛇绿岩。