扬子块体西缘新元古代双峰式火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石化学特征

川西地区早震旦世苏雄组火山岩以流纹岩为主,夹有少量玄武岩。苏雄组流纹岩的SHRIMP锆石UPb年龄为803±12Ma,代表了火山岩的喷发年龄。系统的岩石化学资料表明,苏雄组火山岩是一套典型的弱碱性双峰式火山岩,形成于大陆裂谷环境。扬子块体西缘康滇裂谷非常类似于现代与地幔柱活动有关的高火山活动型裂谷,支持约825Ma华南地幔柱模式。     

华北陆块北缘中段金矿床类型分布和地质特征

华北陆块北缘中段金矿床分布较多 ,产出较为集中 ,也是我国重要的黄金生产基地。本区是我国地质历史演化最久 ,又经历了多期、多阶段的构造 -岩浆活动的叠加 ,因而金矿床的形成具有多期性、多样性、继承性和新生性等特点。本区金矿床主要产在绿岩带构造 -岩浆活动的有利部位 ,统称绿岩带型金矿床 ,可分为同构造晚期初生型金矿床和构造期后再生型热液金矿床两类 ,又可细分为若干亚类 ,其中再生型热液金矿床分布较广 ,规模较大 ,具有较大找矿潜力。由于区内发育多期、多阶段的成矿构造 -岩浆活动 ,因而在一个金矿床密集区内 ,有时在不同的构造部位 ,分别产出初生型和再生型热液金矿床 ,这是指导找矿的重要地质依据     

Scaling organization in the dynamics of blocks-and-faults systems

Some elements of the model of scaling organization of fracture tectonics (SOFT) are incorporated into the model of block structure dynamics (BSD). The resulting new model permits to obtain a power law relationship between earthquake energy and fault area with an exponent 3/2, as for observed seismicity. This is an important advantage of the new model in comparison with the BSD model, in which this dependence is generally linear.     

东濮凹陷胡十二块剩余油分布特征及挖潜对策

剩余油分布特征是油田开发地质工作需要解决的主要问题之一，本文应用动态分析法半定量地描述了东濮凹陷西斜坡带主力区块胡十二块小层剩余区油分布状态，对该块剩余油在油藏平面，层间和层内的分布特征进行了详细研究，并针对4种剩余油分布类型提出相应挖潜技术对策，为高含水后期油田挖潜提供了必要依据。     

新生代华夏岩石圈减薄与东亚边缘海盆构造演化的年代学与地球化学制约研究

年代学与地球化学制约表明,华南的茂名与三水盆地从92～38Ma期间有近连续的火山喷发,并在(56±2)Ma火山作用源区发生了急剧的转折。这与东亚边缘海盆地最早伸展在时间上和构造方向上是一致的,形成了一系列NE向左旋剪切伸展盆地以及南海南西海盆、苏拉威西海、西菲律宾海等洋盆。35～17Ma期间印支块体沿红河断裂向东南挤出,使东亚沿NE向左旋剪切伸展受阻。因此,这一期间华夏块体上没有出现与拉张有关的玄武质岩浆作用,始新世洋盆NE向扩张也逐渐被终止。关于南海的晚第三纪扩张,年代学与构造证据是与根据磁异常确定的32～17Ma扩张期相矛盾的。17Ma以后,华夏、东海至日本海岩石圈均出现了强的NE向伸展,也使印支块体沿红河断裂从左旋挤出转向右旋走滑。南海在这一期间再次出现扩张,应是一个合理的构造格局。     

节理岩体中地下洞室超挖计算

讨论了超挖的定义以及不稳定块体体积与超挖的关系 ,总结了计算块体位置和体积的方法可分为随机、确定性和半概率方法三类 ,为今后超挖方面的研究提出了指导方向。重点分析并给出了被三个节理面切割的岩块以及隐含危险岩块的位置计算的确定性方法 ,提出了岩块体积计算简易的近似算法。超挖计算对洞室安全、高效地现场施工具有重要指导意义.     

A window on West Antarctic crustal boundaries: the junction between the Antarctic Peninsula, the Filchner Block, and Weddell Sea oceanic lithosphere

A new airborne magnetic survey of the southeastern Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent Weddell Sea embayment (WSE) region suggests a continuity of geological structure between the eastern Antarctic Peninsula and the attenuated continental crust of the Filchner Block. This has implications for the reconstructed position of the Ellsworth–Whitmore Mountains block in Gondwana, which is currently uncertain. Palaeomagnetic data indicate that it has migrated from a Palaeozoic position between South Africa and Coats Land to its current position as a microplate embedded in central West Antarctica. The most obvious route for migration is between the Antarctic Peninsula and the Weddell Sea embayment. Evidence that geological structures are continuous across the boundary places constraints on the timing and pathway of migration. Magnetic textures suggest the presence of shallow features extending from the Beaumont Glacier Zone (BGZ) in the west for at least 200 km into the Weddell Sea embayment. These data suggest that the Eastern Domain of the Antarctic Peninsula and the stretched continental crust of the Filchner Block share a common recent, probably post-Early Jurassic, history. However, examination of deep anomalies indicates differences in the magnetic characteristics of the two blocks. The boundary may mark either the edge of extended continental crust, or a discontinuity between two, once separated, blocks. This discontinuity, or pre-Late Jurassic Antarctic Peninsula terrane boundaries to the west, may have allowed the passage of the Ellsworth–Whitmore Mountains block to its present location.     

Quality of selected coal seams from Indiana: implications for carbonization

The chemical properties of two high-volatile bituminous coals, the Danville Coal Member of the Dugger Formation and the Lower Block Coal Member of the Brazil Formation from southern Indiana, were compared to understand the differences in their coking behavior. It was determined that of the two, the Lower Block has better characteristics for coking. Observed factors that contribute to the differences in the coking behavior of the coals include carbon content, organic sulfur content, and oxygen/carbon (O/C) ratios. The Lower Block coal has greater carbon content than the Danville coal, leading to a lower O/C ratio, which is more favorable for coking. Organic sulfur content is higher in the Lower Block coal, and a strong correlation was found between organic sulfur and plasticity. The majority of the data for both seams plot in the Type III zone on a van Krevelen diagram, and several samples from the Lower Block coal plot into the Type II zone, suggesting a perhydrous character for those samples. This divergence in properties between the Lower Block and Danville coals may account for the superior coking behavior of the Lower Block coal.     

亚洲东部新生代碰撞构造:构造逃逸还是单剪—旋转?

碰撞构造学是当前大陆构造研究的重要方面,是国际构造学界关注的热点.简要综述了这一领域里众所注目的一场争论,即在印度—欧亚碰撞中欧亚板块的变形究竟以大陆块体的构造逃逸还是以单剪体制下的块体旋转构造样式进行.     

华北、秦岭及扬子陆块的若干古地磁研究结果

本文对华北陆块、秦岭陆块以及扬子陆块内的70个采样点,474个标本进行了古地磁研究,利用16个采样点,112个标本中所获得的原生剩磁,重点分析了三陆块自寒武纪以来的古地磁极位置、古地磁偏角以及古纬度的变化特点。结果表明,三陆块为不同地质构造单元;寒武纪以来,华北陆块、秦岭陆块以及扬子陆块自北到南顺序排列;寒武纪时,秦岭陆块北侧和南侧分别存在一古洋盆,此时华北陆块和扬子陆块相距约1060km,三陆块向北漂移的过程中伴随着旋转运动,其中华北陆块和秦岭陆块以反时针旋转占优势,扬子陆块以顺时针旋转占优势;三陆块完全拼合时间在早三叠世至晚白垩世之间。