大兴安岭北部新林地区倭勒根群大网子组锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

大兴安岭位于中亚造山带的东段,自北向南划分为额尔古纳地块、兴安地块和松嫩地块。倭勒根群主体分布于额尔古纳地块,前人将其归属为新元古代-早寒武世。对新林地区倭勒根群大网子组的上部变火山岩段和下部变沉积岩段进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年。测试结果显示：上部变火山岩的形成年龄为（430.7±4.1）Ma,属早志留世;下部变沉积岩中碎屑锆石的最小峰值年龄为（480.1±2.9） Ma,指示其沉积时间不早于早奥陶世。综合文献资料确定：新林地区倭勒根群浅变质岩系是一套时间跨距从寒武纪到早志留世的岩石地层组合,而非新元古代-早寒武世;新林蛇绿岩的构造侵位时间不早于早奥陶世;新林地区的大网子组、兴隆沟地区的早奥陶世沉积与多宝山-伊尔施早奥陶世火山弧构成了大兴安岭北部地区的早奥陶世弧-盆体系。     

小兴安岭西北部早——中侏罗世TTG花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及构造意义

通过对出露于小兴安岭西北部白石砬子地区中生代花岗岩的研究,查明该地区存在一套由英云闪长岩-花岗闪长岩-石英闪长岩和少量闪长岩为组合的花岗岩,锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS测年分别获得(171.1±1.3)、(173.9±3.9)、(178.3±1.5)和(169.1±6.2)Ma的岩体侵位年龄,证明其形成于早—中侏罗世。通过岩石地球化学方法判别该花岗岩组合具有高Al_2O_3型T_1T_2G_1花岗岩特征,整体具有富硅、富铝,钠质,贫铁、镁、钛,属于偏铝质-弱过铝质钙碱性系列,富集轻稀土,相对亏损重稀土,富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、Sr等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,Eu具有轻微负异常的特点,与安第斯I型花岗岩具有相似性。其低Sr/Y值、(La/Yb)N值,弱或无负δEu异常等特征反映源区残留相矿物以角闪石、辉石为主,有少量斜长石,石榴石可能有少量残留。岩体露头有闪长质岩浆与英云(花岗)闪长质岩浆两种不完全机械混合的现象,反映可能存在两个以上的不同源区。另外,岩体不规则侵入元古宙地层(兴华渡口群和落马湖群)和岩浆中残留有大量早期捕获锆石,说明在岩浆上升侵位过程中与围岩发生同化混染作用。综合研究认为,该早—中侏罗世TTG岩浆形成与蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋的闭合作用密切相关,反映侏罗纪蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋存在向南侧微陆块的俯冲作用。     

Clockwise exhumation path of granulitized eclogites from the Ama Drime range (Eastern Himalayas)

The metamorphic evolution of a granulitized eclogite from the Phung Chu Valley (Eastern Himalaya) was reconstructed combining microstructural observations, conventional thermobarometry and quantitative pseudosection analysis. The granulitized eclogite consists of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, garnet, brown amphibole, and minor orthopyroxene, biotite, ilmenite and quartz. On the basis of microstructural observations and mineral relationships, four metamorphic stages and related mineral assemblages have been recognized: (i) M1 eclogite‐facies assemblage, consisting of garnet, omphacite (now replaced by a clinopyroxene + plagioclase symplectite) and phengite (replaced by biotite +plagioclase symplectite); (ii) M2 granulite‐facies assemblage, represented by clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, garnet, plagioclase and accessory ilmenite; (iii) M3 plagioclase + orthopyroxene corona developed around garnet, and (iv) M4 brown amphibole + plagioclase assemblage in the rock matrix. Because of the nearly complete lack of eclogitic mineral relics, M1 conditions can be only loosely constrained at >1.5 GPa and >580 °C. In contrast, assemblage M2 tightly constrains the peak granulitic stage at 0.8–1.0 GPa and >750 °C. The second granulitic assemblage M3, represented by the plagioclase + orthopyroxene corona, formed at lower pressures (～0.4 GPa and ～750 °C). During the subsequent exhumation, the granulitized eclogite experienced significant cooling to nearly 700 °C, marked by the appearance of brown amphibole and plagioclase (M4) in the rock matrix. U‐Pb SHRIMP analyses on low‐U rims of zircon from an eclogite of the same locality suggest an age of 13–14 Ma for the M3 stage. The resulting decompressional clockwise P–T path of the Ama Drime eclogite is characterized by nearly isothermal decompression from >1.5 GPa to ～0.4 GPa, followed by nearly isobaric cooling from ～775 °C to ～710 °C. Modelling of phase equilibria by a calculated petrogenetic grid and conventional thermobarometry on a biotite‐garnet‐sillimanite metapelite hosted in the country rock granitic orthogneiss extends the inferred P–T trajectory down to ～630 °C and ～0.3 GPa.     

南岭东段早侏罗世沉积岩碎屑锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义——以东坑盆地为例

印支造山运动是华南早中生代最重要的构造-岩浆事件,它在很大程度上影响了华南现今的地形和地貌特点。本文研究了南岭东段赣南早侏罗世东坑火山岩盆地沉积岩的碎屑锆石U-Pb年代,获得最显著的年龄峰值为196Ma、238Ma、364Ma和427Ma,表明该沉积岩并不是外来的震旦纪-寒武纪变质岩,而是早侏罗世裂谷火山盆地的沉积物。缺乏260～290Ma的锆石年龄,很可能反映物质为近源来源。通过与闽西南晚三叠世和华南内陆中-晚二叠世沉积砂岩中碎屑锆石年龄谱对比,反映华南印支早期(290～260Ma)岩浆活动主体在东南沿海地区,晚期(240～200Ma)主体发育在内陆地区。大量印支期侵入岩锆石的出现也很可能表明华南内陆印支造山带在～190Ma已经经历了相当程度的垮塌。     

东昆仑山脉晚志留世-早侏罗世花岗类岩石中锆石微量元素地球化学特征及地质意义

为了更深入的认识东昆仑山脉岩浆作用和构造演化历史,本文采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)方法对东昆仑山脉中部和东部不同时代的花岗类岩石中锆石进行了系统的微量元素分析。东昆仑山脉晚志留世二长花岗岩和晚二叠世、晚三叠世、早侏罗世花岗岩中绝大多数锆石Th/U0.5,锆石的球粒陨石标准化REE配分曲线均为HREE相对于MREE和LREE富集,并且具有Ce正异常和Eu负异常,为典型的岩浆锆石。晚志留世二长花岗岩和晚二叠世、晚三叠世花岗岩锆石具有低的Ce正异常,高的Eu负异常;早侏罗世花岗岩锆石则具有高的Ce正异常,高Nb、Ta含量,低Eu负异常;晚二叠世花岗岩锆石还具有高∑REE、Y、Th、U含量;而晚三叠世花岗岩锆石则在所有样品中具有最高的Hf含量,是演化程度高的岩浆产物。除此之外,晚志留世、晚二叠世、晚三叠世和早侏罗世样品中部分锆石呈现LREE富集,说明它们在岩浆晚期可能遭受LREE富集热液的改造。根据锆石Ti温度计,计算出所有样品的结晶温度小于800℃,说明它们很有可能形成于富集流体的俯冲带环境。结合前人研究资料和所分析锆石的U-Pb年龄数据,对东昆仑山脉中古-中生代多期的构造-岩浆事件提供了新的约束:(1)晚志留世二长花岗岩的形成可能与一个小型洋盆的俯冲作用有关,其岩浆源区是地壳浅部的沉积基底;(2)晚二叠世花岗岩可能是在古特提斯洋向北俯冲过程中由于幔源岩浆使浅层地壳发生熔融形成;(3)晚三叠世-早侏罗世花岗岩在羌塘和昆仑-柴达木同碰撞过程形成。     

大兴安岭南段维拉斯托锡多金属矿床LA-ICP-MS锡石和锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

维拉斯托锡多金属矿床位于大兴安岭南段西坡的内蒙古克什克腾旗,是近年来发现的一个以锡为主,共伴生钨、锌、铜、钼、铷、铌和钽的大型矿床。矿化类型包括深部以锡为主,伴生锌、铷、铌和钽的蚀变花岗岩型矿体;中部以锡为主,伴生铜和锌的隐爆角砾岩型矿体及浅部锡、钨、锌、铜和钼的石英大脉型和网脉型矿体。该矿床的主要工业矿体为石英脉型,呈北北东向产于古元古界宝音图群和华力西期石英闪长岩中的断裂破碎带内,而蚀变花岗岩型和隐爆角砾岩型矿石的品位较低。文中选取1件石英脉型锡矿体中的锡石样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锡石U-Pb定年,获得锡石的206Pb/207Pb238U/207Pb等时线年龄为(136.0±6.1) Ma(MSWD=0.94),207Pb/206Pb238U/206Pb谐和年龄为(132.3±5.4) Ma(MSWD=2.8),表明维拉斯托锡多金属矿床形成于早白垩世;选取1件与成矿相关的北大山岩体花岗岩样品开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得206Pb/238U年龄为(140±2) Ma(MSWD=0.10),表明成矿岩体亦形成于早白垩世。维拉斯托锡多金属矿床属于与花岗岩有关的岩浆热液型矿床。通过统计大兴安岭南段主要锡多金属矿床的成矿年龄和成矿岩体的年龄,发现几乎所有的锡多金属矿床均形成于140～135 Ma期间,表明早白垩世是大兴安岭南段锡多金属矿床成矿高峰期。     

大兴安岭南段早白垩世早期后碰撞构造环境 ——来自林西县兰家营子辉长闪长岩的证据

对大兴安岭南段林西县以北兰家营子辉长闪长岩开展了系统的岩石学、锆石年代学和地球化学分析,以揭示该岩体的成因,并探讨大兴安岭南段早白垩世大地构造背景.锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,该岩体的形成时代为145.6±0.6 Ma,为早白垩世早期侵入体.地球化学分析结果表明,该岩体SiO2含量为53.38％～54.45％,K2 O含...     

Geology, Mineralization, Fluid Inclusion and Stable Isotope of the Early Cretaceous Sn and Associated Metal Deposits in the Southern Great Xing’an Range, NE China: A Review

The Southern Great Xing'an Range(SGXR) hosts a number of Early Cretaceous Sn and associated metal deposits, which can be divided into three principal types according to their geological characteristics: skarn type deposits, porphyry type deposits and hydrothermal vein type deposits. Fluid inclusion assemblages of different types of deposits are quite different, which represent the complexities of metallogenic process and formation mechanism. CH_4 and CO_2 have been detected in fluid inclusions from some of deposits, indicating that the ore-forming fluids are affected by materials of Permian strata. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope data from ore minerals and associated gangue minerals indicate that the initial ore fluids were dominated by magmatic waters, some of which had clearly exchanged oxygen with wall rocks during their passage through the strata. The narrow range for the δ~(34)S values presumably reflects the corresponding uniformity of the ore forming fluids, and these δ~(34)S values have been interpreted to reflect magmatic sources for the sulfur. The comparation between lead isotope ratios of ore minerals and different geological units' also reveals that deeply seated magma has been a significant source of lead in the ores.     

Constraining the links between the Himalayan belt and the Central Myanmar Basins during the Cenozoic:An integrated multi-proxy detrital geochronology and trace-element geochemistry study

Geological and tectonic analysis of the Eastern Himalayan basins has given rise to a decade-long debate on the geodynamic evolution of the Burmese terrane and on the extent of reorganization of the main SE Asia drainage systems.However,the influence of the Himalayan belt on the Central Myanmar Basin(CMB)system remains poorly documented,although it is key to providing more accurate models for the evolution of the Himalayan-Burmese orogen.In this contribution,we present geochronological,isotopic and geochemical analysis from 2500 zircon,1700 titanite,700 rutile and 850 apatite detrital grains from fifteen Cenozoic siliciclastic samples and one Cretaceous igneous rock.The samples were collected within the fore-and back-arc basins of the Central Myanmar Basin domain(CMB)to constrain the provenance,maximum depositional ages,and depositional environments of the west Burma terrane.Nine key lithological units,the Sadwingyi,Ketpanda,Wabo Chaung,Gwegon,Minwun,Padaung,Okmintaung and Irrawaddy formations have detrital age spectra spanning from the Miocene to Paleoarchean.The entire data set has common age peaks at ca.20,40,60,90,100 Ma,with about 80%of the U–Pb ages younger than ca.140 Ma and only ca.1%of the grains predating ca.3.0 Ga.Our results shed light on the current ambiguities on the transport pathways of Himalayan detritus in the CMB.They show that the fore-arc basin was open to the trench and fed by the unroofing of both the Wuntho Popa volcanic arc to the east and possibly from the Burmese basement and/or from Himalayan-derived Bengal Fan detritus to the west during the Eocene,from at least ca.44 Ma to before ca.39 Ma.We show that the west Burma Terrane was partitioned into pull-apart basins such as the Minwun Basin,which during the Oligocene recorded the first evidence of a new source contribution into the CMB at ca.27 Ma.This new source is characterized by detritus highly compatible with the SE Asia basement rocks,which we suggest corresponds to the initiation of the palaeo–Irrawaddy River.This geodynamic evolution does not require any Yarlung Tsangpo-Irrawaddy-Brahmaputra paleodrainage reorganization,since from the Oligocene to the Early Miocene,the Irrawaddy River fed an internally drained basin,and from the Late Miocene onwards,the Yarlung drained into the Brahmaputra in the Bengal Basin.     

The synrift phase of the early Domeyko Basin (Triassic,northern Chile): Sedimentary,volcanic, and tectonic interplay in the evolution of an ancient subduction‐related rift basin

The geodynamic setting along the SW Gondwana margin during its early breakup (Triassic) remains poorly understood. Recent models calling for an uninterrupted subduction since Late Palaeozoic only slightly consider the geotectonic significance of coeval basins. The Domeyko Basin initiated as a rift basin during the Triassic being filled by sedimentary and volcanic deposits. Stratigraphic, sedimentological, and geochronological analyses are presented in order to determine the tectonostratigraphic evolution of this basin and to propose a tectonic model suitable for other SW Gondwana‐margin rift basins. The Domeyko Basin recorded two synrift stages. The Synrift I (~240–225 Ma) initiated the Sierra Exploradora sub‐basin, whereas the Synrift II (~217–200 Ma) reactivated this sub‐basin and originated small depocentres grouped in the Sierra de Varas sub‐basin. During the rift evolution, the sedimentary systems developed were largely controlled by the interplay between tectonics and volcanism through the accommodation/sediment supply ratio (A/S). High‐volcaniclastic depocentres record a net dominance of the syn‐eruptive period lacking rift‐climax sequences, whereas low‐volcaniclastic depocentres of the Sierra de Varas sub‐basin developed a complete rift cycle during the Synrift II stage. The architecture of the Domeyko Basin suggests a transtensional kinematic where N‐S master faults interacted with ~NW‐SE basement structures producing highly asymmetric releasing bends. We suggest that the early Domeyko Basin was a continental subduction‐related rift basin likely developed under an oblique convergence in a back‐arc setting. Subduction would have acted as a primary driving mechanism for the extension along the Gondwanan margin, unlike inland rift basins. Slab‐induced dynamic can strongly influence the tectonostratigraphic evolution of subduction‐related rift basins through controls in the localization and style of magmatism and faulting, settling the interplay between tectonics, volcanism, and sedimentation during the rifting.