祁连党河南山北坡中-基性火山岩地质特征及时代

根据地质研究、区域对比，结合首次获得的Rb-Sr等时线年龄数据，从祁连党河南山(又称乌兰达坂山）北坡原中奥陶统地层中厘定出晚震旦纪中－基性火山岩系。根据这一新成果，认为该区中基性火山岩，斜长角闪岩基底以及侵入其中的扎子沟等花岗闪长岩岩基在大地构造分区上应划归中祁连地块；晚震旦纪该区无疑有过扩张、地壳减薄的地质事件，震旦纪晚期有过挤压闭合事件。     

方解石和白云石溶蚀实验热力学模型及地质意义

通过碳酸盐（方解石、白云石）溶蚀作用实验室模拟研究，建立了溶蚀作用的热力学模型方程，对埋藏成岩的3种不同温压条件下（348．15K，Mpa ,373．15K，25Mpa，403．15K，30MPa）碳酸盐溶蚀作用进行了定量研究。提出随着温度和压力的升高，碳酸盐溶解反应的吉布春播由能降低，因而溶解反应增强；在相同温度和压力的地质条件下，白云石较方解石更易溶蚀并形成次生孔隙，这为油气生成运移提供了有利的地下空间和通道。     

贵州务正道地区铝土矿床稀土元素组成及地质意义

稀土元素(REE)是一组具有相同地球化学性质和特殊地球化学属性的指示性元素。务正道地区主要矿床稀土元素组成显示出,矿层和下伏志留系韩家店组地层稀土元素总量、配分模式基本一致,相关性较好,揭示铝土矿成矿物源与下伏志留系韩家店组有成因联系;矿层和韩家店组LREE/HREE均大于1,轻稀土富集较强烈,而重稀土不同程度亏损;(La/Ce)N平均0.87,总体较低;δCe平均1.22,为弱-中等比值,表明铝土矿物源主要来自陆源,沉积环境主要为陆相沉积,局部为海相沉积;主要层位(La/Sm)N>(Gd/Yb)N,说明轻重稀土元素分异较好;稀土元素富集对岩性有选择性,在矿层及富含绿泥岩、粉砂质页岩的志留系韩家店组地层中强烈富集,在石炭系黄龙组白云质灰岩及二叠系栖霞组灰岩中贫化。     

地热规模化开发断层滑动概率评估——以雄安新区深部岩溶热储为例

雄安新区地热资源丰富，具有广阔的规模化开发利用前景，对于实现"绿色雄安"具有重要意义。许多学者的研究集中在地质结构探测、地热资源量评价、地壳稳定性等方面，关于深部岩溶热储规模化开发可能引起的断层滑动研究薄弱。本文在地热地质综合调查的基础上，基于地质力学理论，采用蒙特卡罗随机模拟方法，评价雄安新区主要断层特征（走向、倾角、滑动摩擦系数等）、地应力分布（孔隙压力、最大/最小/垂直主应力大小及方向等），量化雄安新区天然断层在规模化开发利用情况下的激活可能性，结果显示已探明断层在天然、规模化回灌和水力压裂条件下的最大滑动趋势分别为0.26、0.27和0.40，地热开发不会引起断层激活。本研究树立了地热规模化开发的信心，可为雄安新区地热资源安全利用提供支撑。     

加拿大纽芬兰岛Indian Head Range地块格林威尔期二长花岗岩年龄、Nd-Hf同位素特征——块体属性与演化新证据

加拿大阿巴拉契亚造山带纽芬兰岛Humber带基底地块属性及地壳生长演化是近年来关注的科学问题,尤其是岛内西南部的Indian Head Range地块,其年龄组成与同位素特征研究对区域基底构造属性划分与对比至关重要。本文对Indian Head Range地块内的二长花岗岩岩体进行了锆石U-Pb定年,得到其²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄值为1 149±4 Ma,代表该岩体的侵位年龄。这一定年结果表明该岩体具有中元古代晚期的年龄,为该地块格林威尔期岩浆事件的存在提供了新的年龄证据。Nd-Hf同位素分析结果显示,该二长花岗岩岩体εNd值为-2.3,εHf值介于+1.93～+3.65之间,两阶段Hf模式年龄介于1.84～1.73 Ga之间。结合前人研究,我们认为Humber带内各地块发育约1.5 Ga、1.15 Ga和1.0 Ga的3期花岗质岩浆事件,它们具有相似的Hf模式年龄值,暗示它们均来源于古元古代新生地壳物质的再造。带内格林威尔基底地块均为原地基底,且与劳伦大陆远端东部边缘具有一致的岩浆-构造演化史。以上研究对Humber带内格林威尔基底...     

大兴安岭漠河前哨林场侵入岩年代学、岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义

前哨林场大地构造上位于大兴安岭北段额尔古纳地块北部的漠河前陆盆地边缘。本文研究了大兴安岭漠河前哨林场侵入岩的岩相学、年代学及岩石地球化学特征,探讨了研究区内侵入岩的形成时代、岩石成因及其构造环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,花岗岩形成于199.9~199.3 Ma、辉长岩形成于（201.8±2.6） Ma,即研究区内的花岗岩、辉长岩均形成于晚三叠世—早侏罗世。岩石地球化学研究表明：花岗岩的w（SiO₂）为63.22%~70.10%,w（Al₂O₃）为12.43%~14.36%,里特曼指数（σ）为0.74~1.65,属高钾钙碱性系列岩石,具有较低的Mg^#值（平均值为39.43）,w（TFeO）为2.80%~4.41%,w（CaO）为1.47%~3.38%,轻重稀土分馏明显,富集轻稀土,亏损重稀土,δEu为0.48~0.84,富集Rb、Ta、K、La、Nd、Zr、Ti等元素,相对亏损Th、U、Sr、P、Eu等元素;辉长岩的w（SiO₂）为51.42%~51.98%,w（Al₂O₃）为17.24%~17.73%,里特曼指数（σ）为3.00~3.53,属高钾钙碱性系列岩石,具有较高的Mg^#值（平均值为51.07）,w（TFeO）为9.06%~9.14%,w（CaO）为5.81%~6.69%,重稀土分馏不明显,δEu为0.86~0.98,富集Rb、Ta、Nb、Nd等元素,相对亏损Th、U、P、Eu等元素。上述岩石地球化学特征表明,花岗岩为辉长岩结晶分异的产物,原始岩浆起源于地幔,并受地壳物质的混染改造。研究区侵入岩形成于造山阶段挤压环境,是蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋俯冲碰撞的产物。     

Multiple growth of garnet,sillimanite/kyanite and monazite during amphibolite facies metamorphism: implications for the P–T–t and tectonic evolution of the western Altai Range,Mongolia

Four amphibolite facies pelitic gneisses from the western Mongolian Altai Range exhibit multistage aluminosilicate formation and various chemical‐zoning patterns in garnet. Two of them contain kyanite in the matrix and sillimanite inclusions in garnet, and the others have kyanite inclusions in garnet with sillimanite or kyanite in the matrix. The Ca‐zoning patterns of the garnet are different in each rock type. U–Th–Pb monazite geochronology revealed that all rock units experienced a c. 360 Ma event, and three of them were also affected by a c. 260 Ma event. The variations in the microstructures and garnet‐zoning profiles are caused by the differences in the (i) whole‐rock chemistry, (ii) pressure conditions during garnet growth at c. 360 Ma and (iii) equilibrium temperatures at c. 260 Ma. The garnet with sillimanite inclusions records an increase in pressure at low‐P (~5.2–7.2 kbar) and moderate temperature conditions (~620–660 °C) at c. 360 Ma. The garnet with kyanite inclusions in the other rock types was also formed during an increase in pressure but at higher pressure conditions (~7.0–8.9 kbar at ~600–640 °C). The detrital zircon provenance of all the rock types is similar and is consistent with that from the sedimentary rocks in the Altai Range, suggesting that the provenance of all the rock types was a surrounding accretionary wedge. One possible scenario for the different thermal gradient is Devonian ridge subduction beneath the Altai Range, as proposed by several researchers. The subducting ridge could have supplied heat to the accretionary wedge and elevated the geotherm at c. 360 Ma. The differences in the thermal gradients that resulted in varying prograde P–T paths might be due to variations in the thermal regimes in the upper plate that were generated by the subducting ridge. The c. 260 Ma event is characterized by a relatively high‐T/P gradient (~25 °C km^?1) and may be due to collision‐related granitic activity and re‐equilibrium at middle crustal depths, which caused the variations in the aluminosilicates in the matrix between the rock units.     

Middle Permian Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate System on the Northwestern Margin of the Indian Plate, Pakistan: Implications for Paleoclimate and Carbonate Platform Evolution

A mixed siliciclastic-carbonate system that responds to changes in Permian climate and subsequent carbonate platform evolution is investigated using microscopic details of the Middle Permian Amb Formation(Fm.),in Saiyiduwali section,Khisor Range,northern Pakistan.Thin sections were made from rocks throughout the stratigraphic section of the Amb Fm.and analyzed with an emphasis on carbonate and clastic microfacies,and the latter interpreted within the existing chronostratigraphic framework.Outcrop observations reveal that the units comprise coarse-grained,channelized,ripplemarked,and burrowed sandstone and sandy,fossiliferous limestone with minor marls and shale intercalations,suggesting deposition in a subaqueous tide-dominated delta to beach barrier.Based on the determined seven microfacies coupled with outcrop observation,the Amb Fm.was deposited in a tide-influenced subaqueous delta to middle shelf environment under fluctuating sea level.The deposition of compositionally mature sandstone in the lower part of the formation suggests reworking of detritus from the rift shoulders and an adjacent source area with an ambient warm and humid climate.The stratal mixing of carbonates and compositionally mature siliciclastic units in the middle part suggest deposition under tectonic and climate-induced terrigenous and carbonate fluxes to the basin.Thus the deposition shows a perfect transition from clastic-dominated deltaic to pure carbonate platform settings as a result of warm climate and tectonics.This Middle Permian warming is confirmed by sea-level rise and the presence of a temperature-sensitive fusulinid fauna in association with photozoan-based ooids.Deposition of the Amb Fm.and establishment of a carbonate platform are envisaged to be associated with major rifting of northern Gondwana,which subsequently resulted in the development of a rift basin at the passive margin of the NW Indian Plate then in northern Pakistan.     

The earliest Jurassic A-type granite in the Nanling Range of southeastern South China: petrogenesis and geological implications

The tectonic transition from the palaeo-Tethyan to palaeo-Pacific dynamic domains in the South China Block (SCB) is still a matter of debate. The A-type granites collected from the southeastern SCB offered an opportunity to illustrate this tectonic transition. This article records a set of petrographic, geochronological, and geochemical data for the Wengong granitic pluton from the eastern Nanling Range. LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating shows a crystallization age of 196.9 ± 4.4 Ma with ε_Hf(t) values ranging from +2.1 to +7.7. The samples have high SiO₂, Zr+Nb+Ce+Y, FeOt/MgO, Ga/Al, and Y/Nb and are depleted in Nb–Ta, Zr–Hf, Ba, Sr, Ti, and Eu, similar to those of the A₂-type granite. Their initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios range from 0.70885 to 0.70983 and the ε_Nd(t) values range from ?2.9 to ?1.1, close to those of the Early Palaeozoic mafic rocks in the southeastern SCB. The Wengong A₂-type granite was derived from partial melting of the mafic rocks underplated into the lower crust during the Early Palaeozoic.

The Mesozoic A-type granites in the southeastern SCB can be subdivided into 229–215 Ma (Late Triassic), 197–152 Ma (Jurassic), and 135–92 Ma (Cretaceous). They differ in geochemical and spatial distribution characteristics. The Late Triassic A-type granites were formed in the post-collision extensional setting associated with the palaeo-Tethyan dynamic domain, whereas the Cretaceous A-type granites were under the control of the palaeo-Pacific dynamic domain. The A-type granites were hardly exposed during the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic and Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. The Jurassic A-type granites were formed in the intra-plate extensional setting, a response to the tectonic transition from the palaeo-Tethyan to palaeo-Pacific dynamic domains. Thus, the occurrence of the Wengong A₂-type granite indicates that this tectonic transition possibly initiated at the earliest Early Jurassic.